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Palestinian Defeat, Divisions and Survival

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

First Intifada and Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

Oslo Process: Towards Failure

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

Period

I. Ottoman Rule

1 January 1516 to 9 January 1917

Jerusalem

"Jerusalem ." Hand-colored lithograph, Nathaniel Currier publishing house, New York , 1846.

1846

Source:

Popular graphic art print filing series, Library of Congress

For four centuries, the Levant is part of the Ottoman Empire and Palestine is occasionally the site of regional and international conflicts. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Arab and Palestinian nationalist sentiments begin to emerge. In Europe, Zionism starts to take shape and sets its sights on Palestine through immigration and colonization. This is met by growing opposition in Palestine. The outbreak of World War I opens the way for the carving of the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire into British and French spheres of influence and the fall of Palestine under the control of Great Britain and the endorsement of Zionist goals.

Aida Camp
al-Jalazone Camp
al-Raml Camp
al-Shati' Camp
Algeria
Arab League
Arab Region
Australia
Austria
Ayn al-Hilwa Camp
Ayn Shams
Bahrain
Balata Camp
Baqa‘a Camp
Beddawi Camp
Beersheba
Belgium
Burj al-Barajneh Camp
Canada
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Dera'a Camp
Dheisheh Camp
East Germany
Egypt
Ein el Tal Camp
El Salvador
Europe
European Union
Fawwar Camp
France
Galilee
Gaza
Gaza Strip
Germany
Great Britain
Greece
Guatemala
Hijaz
Homs Camp
Husn Camp
Husseiniyeh Camp
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jabal al-Hussein Camp
Jabaliya Camp
Jalil Camp
Japan
Jaramana Camp
Jayyous
Jenin Camp
Jerash Camp
Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Jordan
Khan Dunoun Camp
Khan Eshieh Camp
Kuwait
League of Nations
Lebanon
Libya
Lydda
Malaysia
Malta
Mar Elias Camp
Marka Camp
Mauritania
Morocco
Nazareth
Netherlands
Norway
Ottoman Empire
Palestine
Peru
Poland
Qalandia camp
Qatar
Ramallah
Rashidiyya Camp
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Sayida Zeinab Camp
Sbeineh Camp
Seychelles
Shatila Camp
Shu'fat Camp
Sinai
South Africa
South Lebanon
South Yemen
Spain
Sudan
Suez Canal
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Talbieh Camp
Transjordan
Tunisia
Turkey
UAE
Uganda
UN
United Kingdom
USA
USSR
West Bank
Wihdat Camp
Yarmouk Camp
Yemen
Zarqa Camp

Ottoman Territorial Reorganization, 1840-1917
World Zionist Organization
Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917
Great Palestinian Rebellion, 1936-1939
UN Partition Plan, 29 November 1947
The Nakba
1956 War
Palestine Liberation Organization (I)
June 1967 War
Resolution 242, 22 November 1967
Battle of al-Karama, 21 March 1968
October 1973 War
Camp David Accords, 1978-1979
Lebanon War, 1982
Sabra and Shatila, 16-18 September 1982
Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 15 November 1988
Madrid and the Oslo Agreement, 1991-1993
Demography and the Palestine Question (I)
Demography and the Palestine Question (II)
Meanings of the Nakba
Palestinians in Jordan, 1948-1967
Palestinian Youth in Conflict
Palestinians in Jordan Since 1967
Jerusalem
Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon
Palestinian Refugees in Syria
Palestine Liberation Organization (II)
Palestinian Refugees in the West Bank
UNRWA
Architecture and Urban Planning in Palestine
The Palestinian Novel
The Palestinian Short Story
Palestinian Theater
Palestinian Photographers Before 1948
Preservation of Heritage in Palestine
Palestinian Music
The Palestinian Poster
Palestinian Citizenship in Israel
Palestinian Visual Arts (I)
Palestinian Visual Arts (II)
Palestinian Visual Arts (III)
Palestinian Visual Arts (IV)
Kafr Qasim, 29 October 1956
The October 2000 Events in Israel
Palestinians in Israel’s “Mixed Cities”
Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel, 1948-1966
Present Absentees in Israel
The Village of al-Araqib
Israel’s Appropriation of Palestinian Property
The Education of Palestinians in Israel
Palestinian Embroidery
Israel’s Gaza Redeployment, 2005
The Judaization of the Galilee
Land Day, 30 March 1976
Arab Labor in Mandate Palestine
Urban Palestine
Nablus Soap Production
Muslim Pilgrimage to Jerusalem
The Peel Commission, 1936–1937
Palestinian Women in the Labor Market
Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948
Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails
The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948
The March 1955 Outburst in the Gaza Strip
Israel’s Policy toward Refugees in the Gaza Strip
Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip, 1948-1967
Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip Since 1967
Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948
The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps
The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)
The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas
The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine
Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine
The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP
The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (II)
The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine – DFLP
The Palestine Communist Party
The Palestinian Communist Movement
The Palestinians and the Israeli Communist Party
Lydda, 9-13 July 1948
The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine
Palestinian Informal Justice
Palestine Police During the British Mandate
The Israeli Military
The First Intifada, 1987-1993
The War on Gaza, 2008–2009
Expressions of Cultural Life in Post-1948 Haifa
The 2014 Gaza War
Burj al-Barajneh Refugee Camp
Rashidiyya Refugee Camp
Balata Refugee Camp
Fawwar Refugee Camp
Dheisheh Refugee Camp
The King-Crane Commission of 1919
I. Ottoman Rule
II. British Occupation and Early Mandate
III. Late Mandate
IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba
V. Reverberations Of the Palestine War
VI. Rise of The Palestinian National Movement
VII. After 1973 War: Separate Peace and Civil War
VIII. Palestinian Defeat, Divisions And Survival
IX. First Intifada and Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations
X. Oslo Process: Towards Failure
XI. Second Intifada and the Post-Arafat Era
XII. Gaza Strip Separated and Assaulted
XIII. A Growingly Intractable Deadlock
The Palestinian National Initiative Movement - Al-Mubadara
Palestinian Cinema
Israel's Nation-State Law, 2018
The Palestine Radio, 1936-1948
The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (I)
The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (II)
The Palestinian Flag
The Second Intifada, 2000-2005
Sumud
Palestinian Emigration (I)
Yarmouk Refugee Camp
Wihdat Refugee Camp
Colonization and Dispossession
The May 2021 Gaza War
Palestinian Emigration (II)
Jaramana Refugee Camp
Palestinian Labor in Israel
The 1946 Anglo-American Committee
Jalil (Wavel) Refugee Camp
Homs (A'ideen) Refugee Camp
Sbeineh Refugee Camp
Khan Dunoun Refugee Camp
Talbieh Refugee Camp
Israel’s Apartheid Regime
Palestine and International Justice
Jabal al-Hussein Refugee Camp
Marka (Hittin) Refugee Camp
China and the Palestine Question
France and the Palestine Question Before 1948
UNRWA's Education System
Palestinians in Peru
Spain and the Palestine Question
Al-Jalazone Refugee Camp
Israel’s Basic Law on Human Dignity and Liberty, 1992
Shatila Refugee Camp
The Bosnians of Palestine
The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, 14 May 1948
Beddawi Refugee Camp
Khan Eshieh Refugee Camp
Germany and the Palestine Question Since 1949
The Palestine Question in German Public Discourse
The Separation Wall
Italy and the Palestine Question
Palestinians in Sweden
Olive Oil Production in the Late Ottoman Rule
The European Union and the Palestine Question
Palestinians in Chile
Sayida Zeinab (Qabr Essit) Refugee Camp
The Palestine Exploration Fund
Baqa‘a Refugee Camp
Husn (Martyr Azmi el-Mufti) Refugee Camp
Ein el Tal (Handarat) Refugee Camp
Al-Raml (Latakia) Refugee Camp
Husseiniyeh Refugee (Gathering) Camp
Turkey and the Palestine Question
Palestine-Lebanon Border
Palestine-Egypt Border
Mar Elias Refugee Camp
Mexico and the Palestine Question
Palestinians in Germany
Nahr el-Bared Refugee Camp
Public Contracts during the Mandate
Tal al-Za‘atar Refugee Camp
The USSR and the Palestine Question, 1950–1991
The Republic of Ireland and the Palestine Question
Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity
Dera‘a Refugee Camp
The New South Africa and the Palestine Question
The Algerians of Palestine
The IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism
Palestinian Music in Exile
Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations
Exhibition-Making Practices, 1917-1993
Palestinians in El Salvador
The United Kingdom and the Palestine Question Before 1917
The United States and the Palestine Question Before 1944
Aida Refugee Camp
Japan and the Palestine Question
Canada and the Palestine Question
Jerash Refugee Camp (Gaza Camp)
Zarqa Refugee Camp

African Union
Algeria
Arab League
Arabs
Australia
Austria
Bahrain
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Czechoslovakia
Egypt
Europe
European Union
France
Germany
Great Britain
Greece
Guatemala
Hijaz
India
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Italy
Japan
Jordan
Kuwait
League of Nations
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Norway
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Ottoman Empire
Palestine
Paraguay
Qatar
Quartet
Russia
Saudi Arabia
South Africa
Sudan
Switzerland
Syria
Transjordan
Tunisia
Turkey
UAE
UN
UNESCO
USA
USSR
Vatican
Yemen
Zionists

Mahmoud Darwish
Yasir Arafat
Muhammad Amin al-Husseini
George Habash
Ghassan Kanafani
Samira Azzam
Wasif Jawhariyyeh
Najib Nassar
George Antonius
Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi
Fadwa Tuqan
Asma Tubi
Anbara Salam Khalidi
Ibrahim Tuqan
Ismail Shammout
Isa al-Isa
Kamal Boullata
Kulthum Odeh
Musa Kazim Husseini
Ahmad al-Shuqairi
Samiha Khalil
Zulaykha al-Shihabi
Mustafa al-Dabbagh
Anis Abdullah Sayigh
Abd al-Hamid Shuman
Abd al-Karim al-Karmi (Abu Salma)
Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini
Ahmad Samih al-Khalidi
Awni Abd al-Hadi
Izzeddin al-Qassam
Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi
Suleiman al-Taji al-Faruqi
Wadi‘ Faris al-Bustani
Ahmad Ismail Yasin
Bendali Saliba al-Jawzi
Isaaf al-Nashashibi
Jamal al-Husseini
Khalil Baidas
Khalil Abdallah Totah
Leila Khaled
Salma Khadra Jayyusi
Raghib al-Nashashibi
Abd al-Qadir Muzaffar
Fuad Saba
Subhi al-Khadra
Emile Habibi
Hanna Abu Hanna
Hind al-Husseini
Jabra Ibrahim Jabra
Rashid al-Haj Ibrahim
Sadhij Nassar
Khalil al-Sakakini
Samih al-Qasim
Emile Touma
Fathi Shiqaqi
Ihsan Abbas
Ishaq Musa al-Husseini
Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad)
Mu‘in al-Madi
Muin Bseiso
Najati Sidqi
Sami Taha Hamran
Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani
Tawfiq Canaan
Wadi‘a Qaddura Khartabil
Yusra al-Barbari
Gabi Baramki
Issam Abd al-Hadi
Naji al-Ali
Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti
Abd al-Aziz Rantisi
Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih
Abd al-Majid Shuman
Abd al-Rahim Mahmoud
Abd al-Wahhab Darawshah
Haydar Abd al-Shafi
Hanan Ashrawi
Ibrahim Dakkak
Tawfiq Ibrahim
Tawfiq Zayyad
Edward W. Said
Ihsan al-Nimr
Aref al-Aref
Faisal al-Husseini
Anwar Nusseibeh
Antoine Zahlan
Mohammed Ali al-Ja‘bari
Nicola Ziadeh
Sa'id al-Karmi
Said al-Shawwa
Muhammad Ali al-Taher
Alfred Roch
Boulos Shehadeh
Qadri Tuqan
Karimeh Abbud
Bassam Shak’a
Siba Fahoum
Musa Alami
Matiel Mogannam
Hisham Sharabi
Shafiq al-Hout
Iskandar al-Khoury al-Beitjali
Nakhla Zurayq
Freih Abu Middein
Samira Abu Ghazaleh
Rafiq al-Tamimi
Izzat Tannous
Fouad Nassar
May Ziadeh
François Abou Salem
Dalal al-Mughrabi
Muhammad Izzat Darwaza
Ezzedine Kalak
Musa Nasir
Qudsia Khourshid
Bayan Nuwayhed al-Hout
Abdallah Mukhlis
Adil Jabir
Issa al-Sifri
Omar al-Bitar
Youssef Sami al-Youssef
Sophie Halaby
Nayef Hawatmeh
Ibrahim Abu-Lughod
As‘ad al-Shuqairi
Ali al-Rimawi
Jurji Habib Hanania
Badr Lama
May Sayegh
Bashir Barghouti
Fatima al-Budeiri
Ismail Haniyeh
Khalida Jarrar
Hafiz al-Sa’id
Abd al-Latif Salah
Kamal Nasser
Kamal Adwan
Mustafa al-Zabri (Abu Ali Mustafa)
Sulafa Hijjawi
Yusuf Diya-uddin al-Khalidi
Aref al-Dajani
Constantine Zurayk
Rim Banna