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Biographies

Musa Kazim Husseini

1853 - 26 March 1934

1859 - 21 July 1921

As‘ad al-Shuqairi

1860 - February 1940

Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi

1864 - 6 August 1913

Jurji Habib Hanania

1865 - 3 March 1948

Bendali Saliba al-Jawzi

Freih Abu Middein

1875 - 9 February 1949

1878 - 29 June 1950

Khalil al-Sakakini

23 January 1878 - 13 August 1953

Abdallah Mukhlis

27 December 1878 - 16 December 1947

1880 - 16 June 1946

Abd al-Qadir Muzaffar

Izzeddin al-Qassam

1882 - 20 November 1935

1882 - 22 April 1942

Boulos Shehadeh

1882 - 1 August 1943

Raghib al-Nashashibi

Suleiman al-Taji al-Faruqi

Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi

1882 - 29 June 1963

Isaaf al-Nashashibi

1885 - 22 January 1948

1885 - 19 December 1953

11 February 1886 - 19 October 1941

Khalil Abdallah Totah

20 May 1886 - 24 February 1955

Mu‘in al-Madi

Muhammad Izzat Darwaza

21 June 1887 - 26 July 1984

Wadi‘ Faris al-Bustani

1888 - 20 January 1954

Abd al-Hamid Shuman

1888 - 9 September 1974

Rashid al-Haj Ibrahim

Rafiq al-Tamimi

Awni Abd al-Hadi

1889 - 15 March 1970

Iskandar al-Khoury al-Beitjali

1889 - 7 July 1973

George Antonius

Jamal al-Husseini

1892 - 5 July 1982

2 April 1892 - 24 April 1965

1893 - 27 April 1940

1894 - 19 March 1949

Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti

1894 - 22 June 1965

27 July 1894 - 6 August 1993

Subhi al-Khadra

1895 - 4 July 1954

Muhammad Amin al-Husseini

1895 - 4 July 1974

4 April 1895 - 26 August 1971

Ahmad Samih al-Khalidi

1896 - 27 September 1951

Muhammad Ali al-Taher

1896 - 22 August 1974

Wasif Jawhariyyeh

Mustafa al-Dabbagh

1897 - 1 October 1989

8 May 1897 - 8 June 1984

Anbara Salam Khalidi

4 August 1897 - 1986

Matiel Mogannam

15 February 1899 - 11 August 1992

Mohammed Ali al-Ja‘bari

1900 - 29 May 1980

1902 - 27 August 1984

Zulaykha al-Shihabi

1903 - 13 May 1992

Ishaq Musa al-Husseini

1904 - 17 December 1990

1905 - 2 May 1941

1905 - 21 May 1985

15 May 1905 - 17 November 1979

26 June 1905 - 21 May 1997

Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih

1907 - 8 January 2001

1907 - 27 July 2006

23 April 1907 - 1 October 1947

Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini

1908 - 8 April 1948

Ahmad al-Shuqairi

1908 - 25 February 1980

Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani

Abd al-Karim al-Karmi

1909 - 11 October 1980

1910 - 26 February 1971

Sami Taha Hamran

1911 - 11 September 1947

Abd al-Majid Shuman

1912 - 5 July 2005

Abd al-Rahim Mahmoud

1913 - 13 July 1948

28 November 1914 - 30 September 1976

Wadi‘a Qaddura Khartabil

Hind al-Husseini

25 April 1916 - 13 September 1994

1917 - 12 December 2003

16 March 1919 - 27 August 1985

Haydar Abd al-Shafi

10 June 1919 - 25 September 2007

Jabra Ibrahim Jabra

28 August 1919 - 12 December 1994

2 December 1920 - 29 July 2003

29 August 1922 - 2 May 1996

1923 - 12 May 2004

Fatima al-Budeiri

1923 - June 2009

Yusra al-Barbari

15 April 1923 - 13 May 2009

Salma Khadra Jayyusi

16 April 1925 - 20 April 2023

1 August 1925 - 26 January 2008

1926 - 23 January 1984

1927 - 13 January 2005

13 September 1927 - 8 August 1967

Issam Abd al-Hadi

1928 - 8 August 2013

Samira Abu Ghazaleh

1928 - 12 January 2017

1928 - 1 September 2020

Hanna Abu Hanna

16 October 1928 - 2 February 2022

1929 - 2 June 2016

Ibrahim Abu-Lughod

15 February 1929 - 23 May 2001

7 May 1929 - 5 July 1994

Bassam Shak’a

1930 - 22 July 2019

Ismail Shammout

2 March 1930 - 3 July 2006

Anis Abdullah Sayigh

3 November 1931 - 25 December 2009

13 January 1932 - 2 August 2009

Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad)

10 October 1935 - 16 April 1988

1 November 1935 - 24 September 2003

1936 - 3 August 1978

1936 - 29 August 1987

Ghassan Kanafani

9 April 1936 - 8 July 1972

Ahmad Ismail Yasin

June 1936 - 22 March 2004

Bayan Nuwayhed al-Hout

1939 - 19 August 2014

Faisal al-Husseini

17 July 1940 - 31 May 2001

1941 - 5 February 2023

Mahmoud Darwish

13 March 1941 - 9 August 2008

1942 - 6 August 2019

Abd al-Wahhab Darawshah

12 October 1943

Abd al-Aziz Rantisi

1947 - 17 April 2004

4 January 1951 - 26 October 1995

Dalal al-Mughrabi

29 December 1959 - 11 March 1978

9 February 1963

Charts

Document

Demography and the Palestine Question (I) - Population Growth

1860 - 1948

Document

Demography and the Palestine Question (II) - Palestinians in the Diaspora (1)

2000 - 2010

Events

Ottoman Law of the Provinces: Administrative Reorganization in Syria and Palestine

7 November 1864

Jerusalem Area Designated as a Sanjaq

First Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Establishment of the Jewish Colonization Association

Publication of The Awakening of the Arab Nation in Asiatic Turkey by Najib Azoury

Emerging Palestinian Identity and Arab Nationalism

Creation of Underground Bar Giora Group

29 September 1907

Establishment of al-Madrasa al-Dusturiyya, Jerusalem

Palestinians Clash with Settlers of Sejera Colony

3 April 1909 - 12 April 1909

Provisional Law Concerning the Right of Certain Corporate Bodies to Own Immovable Property, 22 Rabi' al-awwal 1331

Treaty of Versailles; Establishment of the League of Nations

28 June 1919 - 10 January 1920

Nabi Musa Festival: Palestinian Mobilization and Palestinian-Zionist Clashes

2 April 1920 - 9 April 1920

Palestine Police Ordinance Is Issued

The British Issue a Constitution for Palestine in the Form of an Order in Council

16th Zionist Congress Is Held in Zurich

28 July 1929 - 11 August 1929

Great Britain Issues the Palestine (Defence) Order in Council, 1931

18th Zionist Congress Is Held in Prague

21 August 1933 - 3 September 1933

General Strike and Demonstrations in Palestine

8 October 1933 - 3 November 1933

Murison Commission of Inquiry

Establishment of the Palestine Arab Party

Zionist Biltmore Conference Is Held in New York

6 May 1942 - 11 May 1942

Pledge to Buy US Armament for the Haganah

Coordinated Zionist Anti-British Activism

1 October 1945 - 31 October 1945

Haganah's Plan Gimmel

Early Responses to Truce and Trusteeship Ideas

19 March 1948 - 20 March 1948

SC Res. 43: Calling for an Immediate Truce in Palestine

Operations Nachshon and Har'el to Open Tel Aviv-Jerusalem Road

3 April 1948 - 21 April 1948

Zionist Leadership Decides to Proclaim Jewish State on 16 May

SC Res. 46: Calling upon All Parties to Cease Military Activities in Palestine

Zionist Conquest of Eastern Galilee

28 April 1948 - 25 May 1948

British Parliament Enacts the Palestine Act, 1948

Arab Gains in Gush Etzion

3 May 1948 - 14 May 1948

Great Britain Issues the Termination of Jurisdiction in Palestine (Transitional Provisions) Order in Council of 1948

End of First Truce: Israeli Operation Dekel

8 July 1948 - 18 July 1948

Israel Declares Jerusalem Occupied City

Israel's Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance

16 September 1948

UN Mediator Count Folke Bernadotte Is Assassinated by Lehi in Jerusalem

17 September 1948

Israel Establishes Military Government in Palestinian Areas

21 October 1948

Israel Strengthens Its Political Control over Jerusalem; Military Government Dissolved

20 December 1948 - 17 February 1949

Individual Return of Tens of Thousands of Palestinian Refugees; Israel Launches "War on Infiltration"

January 1949 - December 1956

France Recognizes Israel on a de facto Basis

24 January 1949

Elections in Israel

25 January 1949 - 14 February 1949

Israel Enacts the Emergency Regulations (Security Zones)

24 April 1949 - 27 July 1949

The UNGA Ad Hoc Political Committee, Dealing with Israel's Admission Application, Requests Clarifications

4 May 1949 - 9 May 1949

Israeli Law of Return

Israel and the Lavon Affair

July 1954 - 17 February 1955

With Mounting Tension In and Around Gaza, a Turning Point for Egypt and Opportunities for Israel

3 April 1955 - 27 September 1955

David Ben-Gurion Replaces Moshe Sharett as Prime Minister

3 November 1955

Ben-Gurion Addresses the Issue of Suez

Israel Addresses the Future of Sinai

7 November 1956 - 8 November 1956

Israel Addresses the Future of Gaza

10 November 1956 - 3 February 1957

Lebanon Establishes the Department of Palestinian Refugee Affairs at the Ministry of Interior

Status of Jordanian Jerusalem Municipality Enhanced Symbolically

16 December 1959

25th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

27 December 1960 - 11 January 1961

Conditions for the Movement of Lebanon's Palestinian refugees between Lebanon and Syria

28 July 1962 - 2 August 1962

New Lebanese Social Security Law Implicitly Excludes Palestinian Refugees from its Benefits

26 September 1963

Exchange of Letters Between Israel and UNRWA

The Knesset Paves the Way for the Annexation of East Jerusalem

27 June 1967 - 28 June 1967

The Knesset Amends the Municipal Corporations Ordinance to Extend Area of West Jerusalem Municipality

27 June 1967 - 29 June 1967

Security Council Resolution S/RES/242

22 November 1967

Civil Aviation in the Conflict

23 July 1968 - 29 August 1969

SC Res. 271: Condemning the Execrable Act of Desecration of al-Aqsa Mosque

15 September 1969

American-Soviet Agreement on a Cease-fire

21 October 1973

SC Res. 338: Calling for Cease-fire and Deciding to Start Immediately Negotiations for Just Durable and Peace

22 October 1973

Israeli Advance Continues and an International Nuclear Crisis Looms

23 October 1973 - 27 October 1973

US Steps Back from the US-Soviet Statement on the Geneva Conference

Israeli Model for Palestinian Self-Governing Authority

17 January 1980

Egyptian Model for Palestinian Self-Governing Authority

28 January 1980

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Herzliya

1 May 1980 - 7 May 1980

Venice Declaration

The Knesset Issues Amendment 16 to the Planning and Building Law, 1965

12 February 1981

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

11 November 1981 - 12 November 1981

SC Res. 497: Considering Null and Void Israel’s Decision to Impose its Laws in the Occupied Golan

17 December 1981

Reagan's "Talking Points" to Begin on Palestinian Issue

Israel Rejects the Reagan Plan

2 September 1982

Hussein-Peres London Secret Agreement

Lebanon's Parliament Votes to Reject 1983 Agreement with Israel and 1969 Agreement with PLO

Assassination of Caricaturist Naji al-Ali

22 July 1987 - 29 August 1987

Extraordinary Arab Summit Meets in Amman

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

First Communiqué of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)

14 December 1987

19th Palestine National Council Meets in Algiers and Proclaims the Palestinian State

12 November 1988 - 15 November 1988

Arafat addresses the UN General Assembly in Geneva

13 December 1988 - 14 December 1988

Start of US-PLO Dialogue

14 December 1988

The PLO Executive Committee Rejects Israel's Peace Initiative

Egypt Proposes a Ten-Point Plan for Palestinian Elections

1 July 1989 - 30 September 1989

Israel Deports Five Palestinians

China's Five-Point Proposal on Middle East Peace

21 September 1989

SC Res. 672: Condemns Israel's Acts of Violence and Requests the SG to Submit Report on Mission Sent to Region

12 October 1990

Statement S/22027 by SC President on Palestinian Legitimate Political Rights and International Conference

20 December 1990

President Bush Outlines US Goals Following the Gulf War

SC Res 694: Deploring Israel's Deportation of Palestinian Civilians

Conference on Multilateral Peace Talks, Moscow

28 January 1992 - 29 January 1992

Norwegian Secret Channel, Exploratory Stage

20 January 1993 - 9 May 1993

9th Negotiation Round, Washington

27 April 1993 - 13 May 1993

Norwegian Secret Channel, Official Stage

20 May 1993 - 20 August 1993

Mutual Recognition Between Israel and the PLO

9 September 1993 - 10 September 1993

Palestinian-Israeli Declaration of Principles Signed in Washington

13 September 1993

PLO-Israel Protocol on Economic Relations Is Signed in Paris

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area Is Signed in Cairo

Early Empowerment Accord Is Signed

The Knesset Adopts the Law Concerning the Implementation of the Agreement on Gaza and Jericho Areas (Restrictions of Activity) 1994

26 December 1994

Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (Oslo II)

28 September 1995

First Netanyahu-Arafat Meeting

4 September 1996

Israeli Settlement Activities Amid Attempts to Resume Talks

10 September 1997 - 6 November 1997

French-Palestinian Agreement on Status of French Institutions Under Palestinian Authority

12 December 1997 - 18 December 1997

Renewed Israeli Settlement Activities and Plans in East Jerusalem

25 May 1998 - 21 June 1998

Statement S/PRST/1998/21 by SC President against Israel Broadening Boundaries of Jerusalem

Further Redeployment Talks Intensify

3 September 1998 - 28 September 1998

Inauguration of LVGR, the Gaza International Airport

20 November 1998 - 24 November 1998

Setting Up Israeli-Palestinian Back Channel

1 December 1999 - 5 May 2000

Ariel Sharon at al-Haram al-Sharif

28 September 2000

Arab and International Support of Palestinian Uprising

30 September 2000 - 7 October 2000

Israel Closes Orient House and Other Jerusalem Institutions

Assassination of Rehavam Ze'evi and its Immediate Aftermath

17 October 2001 - 25 October 2001

Draft SC Res. S/2001/1199 Demanding Cessation of Violence and Return to Previous Positions Vetoed by the US

15 December 2001

The Knesset Passes the Incarceration of Unlawful Combatants Law

Invasion of Bethlehem: The Siege of the Church of the Nativity

1 April 2002 - 10 May 2002

Invasion of Jenin Camp: Fierce Battle

3 April 2002 - 19 April 2002

Invasion of Nablus: Fierce Resistance

3 April 2002 - 21 April 2002

US Response to the Israeli Invasion

4 April 2002 - 17 April 2002

On the Road to Reform: First Palestinian Steps and Plans

15 May 2002 - 24 June 2002

Assassination of Ali Ajuri and Murad Marshud in Jaba‘

Draft SC Res. S/2002/1385 Demanding Israel's Compliance with 4th Geneva Convention Vetoed by US

20 December 2002

Ahmad Qurai' Is Appointed PM: A Nine-Week Ministerial Crisis

7 September 2003 - 12 November 2003

UNGA Res. ES-10/13: Demands that Israel Stop and Reverse Construction of Wall inside OPT

21 October 2003

SC Res. 1515: Endorsing Quartet Roadmap to a Two-State Solution

19 November 2003

An Egyptian Security Plan for the PA

24 May 2004 - 6 July 2004

Operation Full Court Press in Nablus

23 June 2004 - 19 August 2004

The Palestinian Leadership Faces an Internal Crisis and Risks Loss of Control

7 July 2004 - 27 July 2004

Arafat's Sudden Illness and Death

12 October 2004 - 12 November 2004

New Palestinian Cabinet under Ahmad Qurai'

24 February 2005

The Knesset Adopts the “Criminal Procedure Law (Detainee Suspected of Security Offence) (Temporary Order)”, 2006

July War: Israel Attempts a Ground Offensive in Southern Lebanon

11 August 2006 - 14 August 2006

July War: A Balance Sheet

Israel's Operation Autumn Clouds Against Gaza

1 November 2006 - 12 November 2006

Gaza Escalation Followed by a Negotiated Cease-Fire

20 November 2006 - 26 November 2006

The US to Strengthen Security Forces Loyal to Abbas

14 December 2006 - 5 January 2007

The US Revisits the Road Map

14 January 2007 - 15 January 2007

Abbas-Olmert Meetings to Reach Understandings Before the International Conference

6 August 2007 - 10 September 2007

The Annapolis Conference Opens a New Round of Palestinian-Israeli Talks

27 November 2007

Post-Annapolis Talks on Final Status Intensify

4 February 2008 - 24 February 2008

Post-Annapolis Talks on Final Status: Israeli's Security Demands

28 February 2008 - 11 May 2008

Post-Annapolis Talks on Final Status to Nowhere

27 May 2008 - 30 August 2008

War on Gaza, Day 4

30 December 2008

Post-Annapolis Talks: Palestinian Stocktaking

UNGA Res. ES-10/18: Supporting an Immediate Gaza Ceasefire According to Security Council Resolution 1860

23 January 2009

War on Gaza: Report of the UN Headquarters Board of Inquiry into Incidents Related to UN Premises

Fayyad's Speech at Al-Quds University on Setting the Goal for Statehood in Two Years

US-Israel Disagreement Over the Settlements Freeze

26 June 2009 - 28 July 2009

Goldstone Report on the War on Gaza

15 September 2009 - 25 September 2009

Cross-Border Violence, Gaza

20 September 2009 - 3 October 2009

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

15 December 2009 - 16 December 2009

Israel Resumes Provocative Settlement Measures in East Jerusalem

21 June 2010 - 30 June 2010

The UN Secretary-General Establishes a Panel of Inquiry on the Mavi Marmara Incident (Palmer Commission)

An Amendment to the Lebanese Social Security Law Grants Palestinian Refugees Right to End-of-Service and Occupational Emergency Compensations

Assassination of Mu'taz Quraiqe‘ in Gaza City

Israeli-Palestinian “Exploratory Talks” in Amman

3 January 2012 - 25 January 2012

Palestinian Mass Hunger Strike in Israeli Prisons

17 April 2012 - 14 May 2012

Israel's 2012 Assault on the Gaza Strip, Day 1

14 November 2012

Symbolic Erection of Bab al-Shams and Bab al-Karama villages in the West Bank

11 January 2013 - 20 January 2013

Aim of Talks Is No Longer a Comprehensive Agreement but a Framework Agreement

14 November 2013 - 31 January 2014

Heavy Fire Exchange Across the Gaza Strip

12 March 2014 - 13 March 2014

Israel Uses the Palestinian Cabinet Formation as a Pretext to Launch a New Wave of Settlement Plans

Battir Landscape Is Inscribed in the World Heritage List

Palestinians in West Bank Mobilize in Support of Gaza

8 July 2014 - 22 August 2014

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 6−8

13 July 2014 - 15 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 13-15: Dramatic Surge in the Fighting; al-Shuja‘iyya Destruction

20 July 2014 - 22 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 26-28: Fighting Continues

2 August 2014 - 4 August 2014

The 2014 Gaza War: A Balance Sheet

Heightened Tension at Haram al-Sharif

30 September 2014 - 22 December 2014

International Donor Conference for Gaza Reconstruction

12 October 2014

Ziad Abu Ain Dies After Being Struck by Israeli Soldiers During a Peaceful Demonstration

10 December 2014 - 11 December 2014

President Abbas Signs Acceptance of the ICC Jurisdiction and Accession to the ICC Rome Statute

31 December 2014 - 7 January 2015

Israeli Police Acts Against Palestinians in the Negev

14 January 2015 - 27 January 2015

The 2014 Gaza War: Report of the UN Headquarters Board of Inquiry into Incidents Affecting UNRWA Schools

Palestine Submits Files to ICC, and Israel Decides to Interact with It

25 June 2015 - 30 October 2015

The Knesset Passes Amendment Allowing Force-Feeding of Prisoners on Hunger Strike

Settlers Set Fire to Two Palestinian Family Homes in Duma, West Bank

31 July 2015 - 9 August 2015

Tension Escalates at Haram al-Sharif

2 August 2015 - 28 September 2015

A Third Intifada or a Temporary Outburst?

2 October 2015 - 31 January 2016

Israel's Policy Toward the Palestinian Outburst

4 October 2015 - 13 October 2015

Israel Kills Samir Quntar; Hizballah Responds

19 December 2015 - 4 January 2016

To Satisfy Israel, France Backpedals on an Important Component of its Peace Initiative

9 March 2016 - 23 May 2016

27th Arab Summit Meets in Nouakchott

Abbas Launches Diplomatic Activity at the UN to Get a Security Council Resolution on Israeli Settlements

22 September 2016 - 22 December 2016

SC Res. 2334: Condemning Israel's Settlement Activities without Enforcement Mechanism

23 December 2016

Paris Conference for Peace in the Middle East

15 January 2017 - 16 January 2017

28th Arab Summit Meets at the Dead Sea

The Knesset Adopts Amendment No. 116 to the Planning and Building Law (Kaminitz Law)

Israel Closes Off the Haram al-Sharif Following a Palestinian Operation in the Old City of Jerusalem

14 July 2017 - 15 July 2017

Palestinian Popular Response to Israel's Measures over the Haram al-Sharif

16 July 2017 - 23 July 2017

Palestinian Diplomatic Activity after US Recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's Capital

6 December 2017 - 20 December 2017

Popular Protests Against US Recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's Capital

7 December 2017 - 31 December 2017

Emergency Meeting of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation on Jerusalem

13 December 2017

Draft SC Res. S/2017/1060 to Oppose Establishment of Diplomatic Missions in Jerusalem Vetoed by US

18 December 2017

UNGA Res. ES-10/19 Opposes Establishment of Diplomatic Missions in Jerusalem

21 December 2017

President Mahmoud Abbas Presents Palestinian Peace Plan to Security Council

20 February 2018

The Knesset Passes Legislation Withholding Bodies of Palestinians killed by Israeli Forces

29th Arab Summit Meets in Dhahran

PA Asks the ICC to Investigate Israeli Settlement Policies

Draft SC Res. S/2018/516 Calling for the Protection of Palestinian Civilians Vetoed by the US

UNGA Res. ES-10/20 Calls for the Protection of the Palestinian Civilian Population

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

15 August 2018 - 17 August 2018

President Trump Signs the Anti-Terrorism Clarification Act of 2018 (ATCA) into Law

The US Replaces its Consulate General in Jerusalem by a Palestinian Affairs Unit within its New Embassy

18 October 2018

Botched Undercover Israeli Operation in Gaza Sparks Exchange of Fire

11 November 2018 - 13 November 2018

Israel Unilaterally Ends the Temporary International Presence in Hebron

28 January 2019 - 6 February 2019

The US Recognizes the Golan Heights as Part of Israel

21 March 2019 - 25 March 2019

Israeli Violence Ahead of One-Year Anniversary of Great March of Return; Egyptian Restraint Efforts

22 March 2019 - 29 March 2019

US Blocks UNSC Statement Condemning Sur Bahir Demolitions

Palestinian Court Orders to Block Access to Dozens of Websites

17 October 2019

Assassination Attempt of Akram al-Ajouri in Damascus

12 November 2019

US Congress Amends ATCA to Resume Funding for PA Security Forces

20 December 2019

ICC Chief Prosecutor Finds Israel Is Committing War Crimes; Enquires on Scope of Territorial Jurisdiction

20 December 2019 - 28 January 2020

Great March of Return Organizers Suspend Weekly Protests

26 December 2019 - 27 December 2019

US Peace Plan – Palestinian and International Reactions

28 January 2020 - 11 February 2020

Creeping Normalization

19 May 2020 - 25 June 2020

Trump Administration Places Sanctions on International Criminal Court and Its Personnel

11 June 2020 - 2 September 2020

Israel Attack Gaza over Incendiary Protest Balloons

6 August 2020 - 1 September 2020

After Threats of Annexation, Normalization Reignites Palestinian Reconciliation Talks

3 September 2020 - 24 September 2020

Palestinian Reconciliation Comes again to a Standstill

1 October 2020 - 17 November 2020

ICC Rules that it has Jurisdiction in Occupied Palestinian Territories; Investigation Announced

5 February 2021 - 2 April 2021

Hightened Tension over Attempts to Evict Palestinian Families from Sheikh Jarrah

15 February 2021 - 9 May 2021

Israeli-Imposed Restrictions and Violence at the Haram al-Sharif Compound

13 April 2021 - 10 May 2021

May 2021 Gaza War, Day 3

Annual Settler March: Israeli Forces Violently Disperse Palestinian Protesters

Israel Continues to Assert Dominance over the Haram al-Sharif Compound

18 July 2021 - 8 October 2021

Israel Is Readmitted as an Observer Country to the African Union, Later Suspended

22 July 2021 - 20 February 2023

Israel Demolishes Parts of al-Yusufiya Cemetery to Make Space for Biblical Park

17 October 2021 - 29 October 2021

Historical Texts

Letter from Theodore Herzl to Yusuf Diya-uddin al-Khalidi

Proclamation of Martial Law in Jerusalem

11 December 1917

Palin Commission Report

Report by the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry into the May 1921 Jaffa Riots

Churchill White Paper

League of Nations - Mandate for Palestine

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

Palestine Legislative Council Election Order, 1922

Report of the Shaw Commission on the al-Buraq / Western Wall Disturbances of August, 1929

Report on Immigration, Land Settlement and Development (The Hope-Simpson Report)

Passfield White Paper

20 October 1930

MacDonald's Letter to Weizmann

13 February 1931

Palestine (Western or Wailing Wall) Order in Council, 1931

The Murison Commission Report

Memorandum Submitted by Arab Senior Government Officials to the High Commissioner

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead) Report

9 November 1938

London Round Table Conference on McMahon-Husain Correspondence

Reply of Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

The Alexandria Protocol on Forming the League of Arab States

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

UNGA Partition Plan

29 November 1947

SC Res. 44: Requesting a GA ٍSpecial Session on Future Palestine Government

UNSC Resolution 43: Calling for an Immediate Truce in Palestine

Statement by the Governments of the Arab League States on their Military Intervention in Palestine

Statement by the States, Members of the Arab League, on the Entry of Their Armies in Palestine

Israel: Law and Administration Ordinance

Abandoned Areas Ordinance

Israel: Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance No. 29 of 1948

16 September 1948

Prevention of Terrorism Ordinance No. 33, 5708-1948

23 September 1948

Absentees' Property Law, 5710-1950

Israel Law of Return and its Amendments

Prevention of Infiltration (Offences and Jurisdiction) Law 1954 (5714)

Special Report of the Director of the UNRWA

15 December 1956

Proclamation of the Constitutional Statute of Gaza, 1962

Exchange of Letters Between Israel and UNRWA

UNSC Resolution 242

22 November 1967

Fatah: The Palestine National Liberation Movement, Press Release

Palestine National Council, 4th Session: Political Resolutions

10 July 1968 - 17 July 1968

Palestine National Council, 5th Session: Political Statement

4 February 1969

UNSC Resolution 271

15 September 1969

Cairo Agreement between the Lebanese Authorities and the Palestinian Guerrilla Organizations

3 November 1969

9 December 1969

Palestinian National Council, Emergency Session: Resolutions

UNGA Resolution 2628 (XXV)

4 November 1970

UNGA Resolution 2792 (XXVI)

6 December 1971

Speech by Jordan’S King Hussein, Proposing a United Arab Kingdom in the Event of a Peaceful Settlement

Sixth Arab Summit: Confidential Decisions

28 November 1973

Sixth Arab Summit: Policy Statement

28 November 1973

Separation of Forces Agreement Between Israel and Syria

Speech of Yasir Arafat at the UNGA

13 November 1974

UNGA Resolution 3236 (XXIX)

22 November 1974

UNGA Resolution 3376 (XXX)

10 November 1975

UNGA Resolution 3375 (XXX)

10 November 1975

Draft of UNSC Resolution 11898

5 December 1975

Draft of UNSC Resolution 12119

Eighth Arab Summit: Statement

25 October 1976 - 26 October 1976

Palestine National Council, 13th Session: Political Declaration

12 March 1977 - 22 March 1977

Address by President Anwar Sadat to the Knesset

20 November 1977

Begin's Autonomy Plan

28 December 1977

Framework for Peace in the Middle East (Camp David Accords)

17 September 1978

Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt

Tenth Arab Summit: Final Statement

20 November 1979 - 22 November 1979

Israeli Model for the Self-Governing Authority

16 January 1980

Egyptian Model for Palestinian Full Autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

28 January 1980

The Regional Committee of the Heads of Arab Local Authorities in Israel Statement On the Assassination Attempts Against West Bank Mayors

Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel

Sadat’s Letter to Begin Following Israel’s Enactment of Basic Law on Jerusalem

UNSC Resolution 478

Palestine National Council, 15th Session: Political Statement

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

Statement of First National Festival of Palestinian Literature in the Occupied Land

The Golan Heights Law

14 December 1981

UNSC Resolution 497

17 December 1981

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14832/Rev.1

19 January 1982

Israel's Proposals for the Self-Governing Authority in the West Bank and Gaza

31 January 1982

UNGA Resolution ES-9/1

5 February 1982

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14985

President Reagan's Talking Points Sent to Prime Minister Begin

1 September 1982

Israeli Cabinet Communiqué on President Reagan's Peace Proposal

2 September 1982

Kahan Commission of Inquiry Report into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut

7 February 1983

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15895

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1985: Final Communiqué

7 August 1985 - 9 August 1985

Draft of UNSC Resolution 17769

29 January 1986

Palestine National Council, 18th Session: Final Statement

20 April 1987 - 25 April 1987

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1987: Resolutions

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

UNGA Resolution 42/210

17 December 1987

Secretary of State George Shultz: A Statement for Palestinians

26 February 1988

UNGA Resolution 42/229

UNGA Resolution 42/230

Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)

Palestinian Declaration of Independence

15 November 1988

UNGA Resolution 43/160

9 December 1988

Yasir Arafat’s Speech Before the Forty-Third Session of the United Nations General Assembly

13 December 1988

UNGA Resolution 43/177

15 December 1988

Draft of UNSC Resolution 20463

17 February 1989

Israel's "Peace Initiative"

Draft of UNGA Resolution A/44/L.50

29 November 1989

UNSC Resolution 672

12 October 1990

President George Bush Address to Joint Session of Congress on the Middle East

Exchange of Letters Between President Bush and Prime Minister Shamir on Proposed Peace Conference

Palestine National Council, 20th Session: Political Statement

28 September 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to the Palestinians

18 October 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to Israel

18 October 1991

U.S.-Soviet Letter of Invitation to Peace Talks in Madrid

18 October 1991

Speech of Haydar Abd al-Shafi at the Madrid Conference

31 October 1991

Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (Oslo I Accord)

13 September 1993

Fundamental Agreement Between The Holy See And The State Of Israel

30 December 1993

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area

The Knesset Law Concerning the Implementation of the Agreement on Gaza and Jericho Areas (Restrictions of Activity) 1994

26 December 1994

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

28 September 1995

Yitzhak Rabin’s Address to Knesset after Israeli-Palestinian Agreement

The Beilin – Abu Mazen Document

31 October 1995

UNSC Resolution 1073

28 September 1996

Draft of UNSC Resolution 1997/199

UNGA Resolution ES-10/2

Statement by the President of the Security Council S/PRST/1998/21

Wye River Memorandum

23 October 1998

Sharm el Sheikh Memorandum

4 September 1999

UNSC Resolution 1322

UNGA Resolution ES-10/7

20 October 2000

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 2000: Communiqué

21 October 2000 - 22 October 2000

President Bill Clinton Proposals for a Final Settlement

23 December 2000

PLO Negotiating Team Reservations Concerning President Bill Clinton’s 23 December Proposal for an Israeli-Palestinian Peace Agreement

PLO Negotiation Affairs Department Assessment of US Policy

20 January 2001

Palestinian and Israeli Positions on Refugees

22 January 2001 - 23 January 2001

Israeli-Palestinian Joint Statement

27 January 2001

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2001/270

Jordanian-Egyptian Proposal For an Israeli-Palestinian Cease-Fire and Resumption of Negotiations

The Mitchell Report

Palestinian-Israeli Security Implementation Work Plan (Tenet Cease-Fire Plan)

The Durban Declaration

8 September 2001

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2001/1199

14 December 2001

Incarceration of Unlawful Combatants Law

Letter of UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan to Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon

Fourteenth Arab Summit: The Arab Peace Initiative

The Quartet (UN, EU, Russia, US) Communiqué on the Situation in the Occupied Territories

President George W. Bush’s Speech US Policy in the Middle East

Draft of UNSC Resolution S/2002/1385

20 December 2002

Law of 2003 Amending the Basic Law

A Performance-Based Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Israel and the Road Map

23 May 2003 - 25 May 2003

The Geneva Accord

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

UNSC Resolution 1515

19 November 2003

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2004/240

President Bush's letter to Prime Minister Sharon

UNGA Resolution 58/292

UNGA Resolution ES-10/15

Palestinian Authority's Declaration on Institutional Renewal

Agreed Principles for Rafah Crossing In Connection with the Gaza Disengagement

15 November 2005

Prime Minister Elect Ismail Haniyeh Presents New Government’s Program To the Palestinian Legislative Council

National Conciliation Document

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2006/508

UNSC Resolution 1701

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2006/878

10 November 2006

UNGA Resolution ES-10/16

30 November 2006

President George W. Bush’s Policy Speech

Joint Understanding Between Israel and the PLO Read by President Bush

27 November 2007

President George W. Bush’s Speech Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process

10 January 2008

Summary Final Report - The Winograd Commission of Inquiry

30 January 2008

Memorandum of Understanding between Israel and the United States Regarding Prevention of the Supply of Arms and Related Materiel to Terrorist Groups

16 January 2009

Letter Dated 4 May 2009 from the Secretary-General Addressed to the President of the Security Council

President Obama's Speech at Cairo University on the United States and the Muslim World

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University

Prime Minister Salam Fayyad’s Address at al-Quds University: Statehood in Two Years

Report of the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (Goldstone Report)

25 September 2009

Statement by the President of the Security Council S/PRST/2010/9

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2011/24

18 February 2011

Palestinian National Conciliation Agreement: Related Understandings Between Fatah and Hamas

President Barack Obama's Address to the State Department Reframing U.S. Middle East Policy

Statement by Middle East Quartet

23 September 2011

Application of Palestine for admission to membership in the United Nations

23 September 2011

HRC Resolution S-21/1

Conference of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention Declaration

17 December 2014

Report of the UNHِQ Board of Inquiry Into Incidents Affecting UNRWA Schools during the 2014 Gaza War

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Mahmoud Abbas’s Speech at the 70th Session of the UNGA

30 September 2015

Scope of Database of Firms Contributing to Israeli Settlement Activities

Middle East Peace initiative: Joint Communiqué

Report of the Middle East Quartet

UNSC Resolution 2334

23 December 2016

Secretary John Kerry’s Speech on Middle East Peace

28 December 2016

Middle East Peace Conference Joint Declaration

15 January 2017

UNESCWA Report on Israeli Apartheid

Marwan Barghouti’s Op-Ed in The New York Times: Why We Are on Hunger Strike in Israel’s Prisons

The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas): Document of General Principles and Policies

China’s Four-Point Proposal on Promoting the Settlement of the Palestinian Issue

Lebanese-Palestinian Dialogue Committee: Lebanese Working Group on Palestinian Refugee Affairs: A Unified Lebanese Vision For the Palestinian Refugees Affairs In Lebanon

Agreement Between Fatah and Hamas to End Palestinian Division

12 October 2017

Mahmoud Abbas’s Op-Ed in The Guardian: Britain Must Atone for the Balfour Declaration – and 100 years of Suffering

1 November 2017

Twenty-Ninth Arab Summit (The Jerusalem Summit): Dhahran Declaration

UNGA Resolution ES-10/20

Palestinian Prime Minister's Letter to Secretary of State on No Longer Accepting US Assistance

26 December 2018

Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry: On the Protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

28 February 2019

Statement of ICC Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda On Opening an Investigation into War Crimes in Palestine

20 December 2019

Joint Statement of the United States, the State of Israel, and the United Arab Emirates

Abraham Accords: Declaration of Peace, Cooperation, and Constructive Diplomatic and Friendly Relations, Announced by the State of Israel and the Kingdom of Bahrain

15 September 2020

Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty of Peace, Diplomatic Relations and Full Normalization Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel

15 September 2020

B’Tselem: A Regime of Jewish Supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid

12 January 2021

HRC Res. S-30/1: Establishing an Ongoing Commission of Inquiry on Palestine

Historical Media

Arab League Warnings

Highlights

Colonial Transformation of a Spiritual City

Architecture and Urban Planning in Palestine

Caught Between Domination, Devastation and Mismanagement

The Palestinian Novel

Literature of the Oppressed in a Dispersed Geography

The Palestinian Short Story

Exile, Sorrow, and Black Humor

Palestinian Theater

The Bumpy History of a Maturing Art

Palestinian Photographers before 1948

Documenting Life in a Time of Change

Preservation of Heritage in Palestine

A Rising Awareness of an Imperiled Treasure

Palestinian Citizenship in Israel

An Unwanted Minority Asserts Its Narrative and Identity

Palestinian Visual Arts (III)

Explorers (1965-1995)

Present Absentees in Israel

Exiled in Their Own Homeland

Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip Since 1967

Incubators of Resistance

Palestinian Informal Justice

Thriving in the Shadow of Colonialism

Palestine Police During the British Mandate

Law Enforcement in Service of Zionist Goals

The First Intifada, 1987-1993

Exhilaration of Revolt, Promise of Freedom

Expressions of Cultural Life in Post-1948 Haifa

Toward an Autonomous Palestinian Field

VII. From A Sense Of Victory To Separate Peace And Civil War

XIII. With a Growingly Intractable Deadlock, Whither Palestine?

Palestinian Cinema

From Serving the Revolution to Creative Expression

Colonization and Dispossession

Zionism's Imagined Geography

III. Late Mandate

UNRWA's Education System

A Palestinian-Shaped Undertaking

Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948

A Dynamic Movement Ripped Apart by the Nakba

The October 2000 Events in Israel

The Violent Repression of a Palestinian Solidarity Outburst

World Zionist Organization

Setting the Stage for a Jewish State in Palestine

Demography and the Palestine Question (I)

IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba

XI. The Al-Aqsa Intifada and the End of an Era in Palestinian Politics

The Second Intifada, 2000-2005

Mounting Confrontation, Shattered Aspirations

Palestinian Emigration (I)

The Separation Wall

Security, Grabbing Land, Strangling Palestinians

Israel’s Apartheid Regime

Entrenching Supremacism over the Palestinians

Olive Oil Production in the Late Ottoman Rule

Embracing New Technology within a Deeply Rooted Tradition

Palestinian Women in the Labor Market

A Burgeoning Workforce Curbed by Israel’s Colonialism

Israel’s Basic Law on Human Dignity and Liberty, 1992

Jewish Identity at the Expense of Citizen Equality

Palestinian Embroidery

A Rich and Diverse National Heritage

France and the Palestine Question before 1948

Competition with the British, North African Considerations, Lukewarm Support for Zionism

The Judaization of the Galilee

A Long-Lasting Strategy Faced by a Bulwark of Palestinian Tenacity

The Peel Commission, 1936–1937

Sowing the Seeds of the Partition

The 1946 Anglo-American Committee

Humanitarianism Over Justice

Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon

A Vulnerable Yet Vibrant Community

Lebanon War, 1982

A Setback for the PLO and for Israel's 'Grand Design'

The Palestine Exploration Fund

Philanthropy, Exploration and Imperial Scheming

Palestine Liberation Organization (II)

From the Limelight to the Backstage

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (II)

After the Nakba

Madrid and the Oslo Agreement, 1991-1993

Short-Lived Promises of a Negotiated Settlement

The Palestinian Communist Movement

Homs (A'ideen) Refugee Camp

Palestinian Refugees in Syria

Fully Integrated, for Better and for Worse

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP

The Palestine Question in German Public Discourse

A Conflation of Zionism, Israel and Judaism

Germany and the Palestine Question Since 1949

Breaking with the Nazi Past, Adapting to Changing Interests

Nablus Soap Production

The Decline of an Ancient Heritage

The Israeli Military

The Myth of “the Most Moral Army in the World”

The Palestinians in Chile

A Large Community, Fully Chilean, Fully Engaged for Palestine

Jabal al-Hussein Refugee Camp

Jaramana Refugee Camp

Khan Dunoun Refugee Camp

Khan Eshieh Refugee Camp

Jalil (Wavel) Refugee Camp

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

I. Ottoman Rule

The King-Crane Commission of 1919

Setting a Pattern of Futile 'Peace' Initiatives

The Palestinian Flag

A Symbol of Identity and Solidarity

The Political Failure of the Tripartite Aggression

Meanings of the Nakba

Transformations through Time and Place

Palestinian Visual Arts (I)

Beginners (1795-1955)

Ein el Tal (Handarat) Refugee Camp

Ottoman Territorial Reorganization, 1840-1917

Preliminary Sketches of Mandate Palestine's Boundaries

Palestinian Youth in Conflict

A Childhood Denied

Demography and the Palestine Question (II)

X. The Oslo Process And The Establishment Of The Palestinian Authority

Palestinian Visual Arts (II)

Pathfinders (1955-1965)

Israel's Nation-State Law, 2018

Enshrining Discrimination

The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

Resolution 242, 22 November 1967

Ambiguous Parameters for a Middle East Settlement

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

Marka Refugee Camp

Sabra and Shatila, 16-18 September 1982

A Massacre by Proxy

The Palestinians in Peru

A Small, Dynamic Community with a 140-Year History

Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel, 1948-1966

Governing the Lives of a Confined Population

The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps

Perpetuating the Temporary

China and the Palestine Question

From Revolutionary Solidarity to Rhetorical Support

The European Union and the Palestine Question

From Promising Ambitions to Crippling Divisions

Balata Refugee Camp

Dheisheh Refugee Camp

Husseiniyeh Refugee (Gathering) Camp

Burj al-Barajneh Refugee Camp

Sayida Zeinab (Qabr Essit) Refugee Camp

Muslim Pilgrimage to Jerusalem

The Religious-Political Ramifications of Israeli Occupation

Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine

A Repressive System with a Long-Lasting Impact

Mar Elias Refugee Camp

Rashidiyya Refugee Camp

Shatila Refugee Camp

Italy and the Palestine Question

From Supportive Equidistance to Hostility

Nahr el-Bared Refugee Camp

Urban Palestine

Divergent Trajectories of Spatial and Social Transformations

Mexico and the Palestine Question

Equidistance… in Israel’s Favor

Turkey and the Palestine Question

Torn between a Pro-Western Stance, Regional Considerations and Identity

Yarmouk Refugee Camp

Wihdat Refugee Camp

Palestine and International Justice

The Long and Tortuous Quest for Accountability

Spain and the Palestine Question

Upholding Support for Palestine Amidst Growing Relations with Israel

The Village of al-Araqib

Rebuilding Home for the Hundredth Time and Beyond

Public Contracts during the Mandate

Colonial Deals in Favor of Zionist Goals

Beddawi Refugee Camp

Tal al-Za‘atar Refugee Camp

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 15 November 1988

Historic Undertakings For the Sake of Statehood

The May 2021 Gaza War

Against New Challenges, Israel’s Old Recipes

The March 1955 Outburst in the Gaza Strip

Thwarting Resettlement Schemes

The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948

An Ominous Sign of Worse to Come

Stages of a Forced Displacement

Lydda, 9-13 July 1948

A City-Wide Massacre Culminating in the Death March

The 2014 Gaza War

An Asymetric Draw

XII. A Palestinian Authority Divided, Israeli Assaults on Gaza, and Peace Process Setbacks

Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails

Large-Scale Incarceration and Resistance

The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, 14 May 1948

An Ambiguous Constitutional-Legal Status

The Algerians of Palestine

The Bosnians of Palestine

Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948

A Most Brutal Massacre Long Kept Under Wraps

Palestinian Music

Blending Levantine Sounds and the Power of Poetry

The Palestinians in Sweden

Engaged for Palestine beyond their Diverse Legal Statuses

Palestinian Labor in Israel

A Fluctuating Market Subject to Israel’s Interests

Places

Periods

I. Ottoman Rule