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Historical Texts

3 November 1839

The Tanzimat II

18 February 1856

Message of the General Syrian Congress To the King-Crane Commission

Proclamation of the Independence of Syria

Palin Commission Report

Franco-British Convention on Mandate Boundaries

23 December 1920

Report by the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry into the May 1921 Jaffa Riots

Churchill White Paper

League of Nations - Mandate for Palestine

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

The Hope Simpson Report

National Bloc Party: Bylaws

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead Commission) Report

9 November 1938

London Round Table Conference on McMahon-Husain Correspondence

Land Transfers Regulations, 1940

20 February 1940

Biltmore Conference Declaration

The Alexandria Protocol on Forming the League of Arab States

Pact of the League of Arab States

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

The Haganah: Plan Gimmel (Plan C): Section on Countermeasures

Statement by the Council of the Arab League on the Anglo-American Committee's Report on Palestine

The Grady-Morrison Plan

UNSCOP Minority Proposal: Federal State Plan

3 September 1947

UNSCOP Majority Proposal: Partition Plan

3 September 1947

UN Palestine Commission Report on Security in Palestine

16 February 1948

Text of Plan Dalet (Plan D): General Section

Jordan-Israel Agreement: For the Demilitarization of Mount Scopus Area

Progress Report of the UN Mediator on Palestine (Bernadotte)

16 September 1948

UNSC Resolution 61

4 November 1948

Syria–Israel General Armistice Agreement

United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine: Fourth Progress Report

22 September 1949

Absentees' Property Law, 5710-1950

Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Egypt And the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

12 September 1950

UNSC Resolution 111

19 January 1956

UNSC Resolution 171

Draft of UNSC Resolution 5407

UNSC Resolution 242

22 November 1967

Fatah: The Palestine National Liberation Movement, Press Release

9 December 1969

Palestinian National Council, Emergency Session: Resolutions

Programme of the Palestine National Front in the Occupied Territory

Sixth Arab Summit: Policy Statement

28 November 1973

Palestine National Council, 11th Session: Political Program

12 December 1973

Separation of Forces Agreement Between Israel and Egypt

18 January 1974

The Koenig Memorandum

Joint US-USSR Communiqué on Reconvening the Geneva Conference on the Middle East

Begin's Autonomy Plan

28 December 1977

Framework for Peace in the Middle East (Camp David Accords)

17 September 1978

Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt

Israeli Model for the Self-Governing Authority

16 January 1980

Egyptian Model for Palestinian Full Autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

28 January 1980

Palestine National Council, 15th Session: Political Statement

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

Israel's Proposals for the Self-Governing Authority in the West Bank and Gaza

31 January 1982

Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (Oslo I Accord)

13 September 1993

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

28 September 1995

Yitzhak Rabin’s Address to Knesset after Israeli-Palestinian Agreement

The Beilin – Abu Mazen Document

31 October 1995

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1996: Resolution on the Palestine Question

21 June 1996 - 23 June 1996

Protocol Concerning the Redeployment in Hebron

17 January 1997

Wye River Memorandum

23 October 1998

Sharm el Sheikh Memorandum

4 September 1999

Palestinian-Israeli Security Implementation Work Plan (Tenet Cease-Fire Plan)

The Geneva Accord

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s Disengagement Plan: Key Principles

Letter Dated 4 May 2009 from the Secretary-General Addressed to the President of the Security Council

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University

Report of the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (Goldstone Report)

25 September 2009

Report of the UNHِQ Board of Inquiry Into Incidents Affecting UNRWA Schools during the 2014 Gaza War

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Report of the Middle East Quartet

UNESCWA Report on Israeli Apartheid

Database of All Business Enterprises Involved in Israeli Settlement Activities in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

12 February 2020

B’Tselem: A Regime of Jewish Supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid

12 January 2021

Amnesty Report on Israeli Apartheid

1 February 2022

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry to HRC

Biographies

Izzeddin al-Qassam

1882 - 20 November 1935

Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi

1882 - 29 June 1963

Abd al-Latif Salah

1884 - 8 November 1952

Ahmad Samih al-Khalidi

1896 - 27 September 1951

8 May 1897 - 8 June 1984

Anbara Salam Khalidi

4 August 1897 - 1986

Matiel Mogannam

15 February 1899 - 11 August 1992

26 June 1905 - 21 May 1997

23 April 1907 - 1 October 1947

Sami Taha Hamran

1911 - 11 September 1947

Qasim al-Rimawi

11 January 1918 - 29 April 1982

1928 - 1 September 2020

3 November 1929 - 30 August 2012

Bashir Barghouti

1931 - 9 September 2000

1936 - 29 August 1987

Ahmad Ismail Yasin

June 1936 - 22 March 2004

1939 - 19 August 2014

9 February 1963

Events

General Allenby Issues Guidelines for the Military Occupation of the Levant

23 October 1918

Arab Youth Congress Meets in Jaffa

Oil Pipeline Connecting Northern Iraq to Haifa Opens Officially

Establishment of the National Bloc Party

Land Transfers Regulations

20 February 1940

Pledge to Buy US Armament for the Haganah

The Battle for Haifa and Its Surroundings

4 April 1948 - 22 April 1948

SC Res. 61: Calling for Withdrawal of Forces and Establishment of Permanent Truce Lines and Demilitarized Zones

4 November 1948

Individual Return of Tens of Thousands of Palestinian Refugees; Israel Launches "War on Infiltration"

January 1949 - December 1956

Israel Enacts the Emergency Regulations (Security Zones)

24 April 1949 - 27 July 1949

Syria-Israel Armistice Agreement

Israel and the Lavon Affair

July 1954 - 17 February 1955

Israeli Raid on Syria Followed by Egyptian-Israeli Confrontation Near al-Auja

23 October 1955 - 3 November 1955

Egyptian-Israeli Armed Incidents

17 August 1956 - 11 September 1956

Britain, France, and Israel Sign the Protocol of Sèvres

22 October 1956 - 24 October 1956

Israel Occupies Gaza

1 November 1956 - 7 March 1957

British and French Troops Invade Canal Zone

5 November 1956

The United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) Deploys in Sinai

12 November 1956 - 12 March 1957

Israeli-Syrian Aerial Battle

7 April 1967 - 21 April 1967

Start of Civil War in Lebanon

13 April 1975 - 2 September 1982

Israel Establishes a "Security Zone" in South Lebanon

7th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

18 December 1979 - 19 December 1979

Israel-Lebanon 17 May Agreement

17 May 1983 - 14 June 1983

Israeli Army Withdraws from Saida Region

16 February 1985

Israel Deports Four Palestinians from Gaza to South Lebanon

4th Negotiation Round, Washington

24 February 1992 - 4 March 1992

The Mirage of the 5-Year Countdown to Palestinian Statehood

4 May 1994 - 3 May 1999

Further Transfer of Powers and Responsibilities

Israel's Position on Further Redeployment and on Palestinian Obligations

23 November 1997 - 14 January 1998

Wye River Plantation Meeting; Memorandum Signed

15 October 1998 - 23 October 1998

Israeli-Palestinian (Post-Stockholm) Back Channel

1 June 2000 - 3 June 2000

Israel Closes Orient House and Other Jerusalem Institutions

Massive Israeli Invasion: Operation Defensive Shield

28 March 2002 - 10 May 2002

Israel Decides to Create Buffer Zones (Separation Wall)

14 April 2002 - 25 April 2002

Yasir Arafat in the Line of Fire

4 September 2003 - 30 September 2003

Sharon's Speech on Unilateral Disengagement Plan

18 December 2003

Timing Another Israeli Escalation with Sharon's Interview on Gaza-Centered Disengagement Plan

2 February 2004 - 13 March 2004

Sharon's Letter to Bush on Disengagement Plan

Operation Active Shield in Gaza; Assassination of Militants in Gaza and West Bank

27 June 2004 - 5 August 2004

Palestinian Efforts to Stop Anti-Israeli Attacks: An Informal One-Month Truce

17 January 2005 - 26 January 2005

Disengagement: Evacuation of Settlers

8 August 2005 - 22 August 2005

Operation Blue Skies and Continuing Escalation

22 December 2005 - 23 January 2006

Israel Retaliates Against Shalit's Capture: Operation Summer Rains

28 June 2006 - 8 July 2006

July War: Israel Attempts to Create a Special Security Zone

2 August 2006 - 10 August 2006

July War: Diplomatic Efforts for a Cease-Fire

5 August 2006 - 9 August 2006

War on Gaza, Day 10; Gaza Strip Segmented into 3 Operational Zones

War on Gaza: Parallel Israeli and Hamas Cease-Fires; Balance Sheet

18 January 2009

Israel Resumes Provocative Settlement Measures in East Jerusalem

21 June 2010 - 30 June 2010

Direct Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations Held in Sharm al-Shaykh and Jerusalem

14 September 2010 - 15 September 2010

Israel's 2012 Assault on Gaza: Cease-Fire Evening Announcement

21 November 2012

Egypt's Noncoordinated Cease-Fire Initiative Fails

14 July 2014 - 16 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War: Israel Launches Ground Invasion (Phase II)

17 July 2014 - 31 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War: Toward an Open-Ended Cease-Fire

23 August 2014 - 26 August 2014

UNHRC Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Settlement Construction

23 July 2015 - 17 November 2015

Israel Pursues its Confiscation of Palestinian Land in the West Bank

10 March 2016 - 21 April 2016

In Retaliation to Palestinian Attacks, Yatta and Hebron Towns Are Collectively Targeted

8 June 2016 - 11 August 2016

With Trump as President, Huge Settlement Growth in 2017

31 December 2017

Airstrikes and Rockets in Wake of Casualties during Great March of Return Protest

26 May 2018 - 20 August 2018

Talks for a Long-Term Gaza Cease-Fire

7 August 2018 - 10 November 2018

Israel Continues to Attack Great March of Return Protesters

17 October 2018 - 1 November 2018

Settlement Construction in 2018 Remains High

31 December 2018

Israeli Violence Ahead of One-Year Anniversary of Great March of Return; Egyptian Restraint Efforts

22 March 2019 - 29 March 2019

Israeli Settlement Construction Continues Unbated in Third Year of Trump Administration

31 December 2019

Israel Attack Gaza over Incendiary Protest Balloons

6 August 2020 - 1 September 2020

Repeated Demolition of Khirbet Humsa

3 November 2020 - 27 October 2021

May 2021 Gaza War, Day 1

Israeli High Court of Justice Approves Masafer Yatta Expulsion

4 May 2022 - 8 May 2022

Historical Media

Land Transfers Regulations - Zones A and B

Land in Jewish Possession, 1944

31 December 1944

Land in Jewish Possession, 1947

Importation of a Military Industry

Highlights

UN Partition Plan, 29 November 1947

Paving the Way to the Impending Nakba

Lebanon War, 1982

A Setback for the PLO and for Israel's 'Grand Design'

Colonial Transformation of a Spiritual City

Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon

A Vulnerable Yet Vibrant Community

Palestine Liberation Organization (II)

From the Limelight to the Backstage

Architecture and Urban Planning in Palestine

Caught Between Domination, Devastation and Mismanagement

Preservation of Heritage in Palestine

A Rising Awareness of an Imperiled Treasure

The Palestinian Poster

Popularizing National Landmarks and Symbols

Palestinian Citizenship in Israel

An Unwanted Minority Asserts Its Narrative and Identity

Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel, 1948-1966

Governing the Lives of a Confined Population

Present Absentees in Israel

Exiled in Their Own Homeland

The Village of al-Araqib

Rebuilding Home for the Hundredth Time and Beyond

Israel’s Gaza Redeployment, 2005

Exacerbating the Siege and Targeting the Land of the West Bank

The Judaization of the Galilee

A Long-Lasting Strategy Faced by a Bulwark of Palestinian Tenacity

Land Day, 30 March 1976

A Turning Point in the Defense of Palestinian Lands in Israel

Arab Labor in Mandate Palestine

The Emergence of a Working Class

Urban Palestine

Divergent Trajectories of Spatial and Social Transformations

Nablus Soap Production

The Decline of an Ancient Heritage

Palestinian Women in the Labor Market

A Burgeoning Workforce Curbed by Israel’s Colonialism

Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948

A Dynamic Movement Ripped Apart by the Nakba

The March 1955 Outburst in the Gaza Strip

Thwarting Resettlement Schemes

The Palestine Communist Party

The War on Gaza, 2008–2009

Israel’s Strategic Quandary

The 2014 Gaza War

An Asymetric Draw

Fawwar Refugee Camp

Dheisheh Refugee Camp

The King-Crane Commission of 1919

Setting a Pattern of Futile 'Peace' Initiatives

IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba

VI. Rise of The Palestinian National Movement

VIII. Palestinian Defeat, Divisions And Survival

Palestinian Emigration (I)

Palestinian Labor in Israel

A Fluctuating Market Subject to Israel’s Interests

The 1946 Anglo-American Committee

Humanitarianism Over Justice

Sbeineh Refugee Camp

Talbieh Refugee Camp

Marka (Hittin) Refugee Camp

France and the Palestine Question Before 1948

Competition with the British, North African Considerations, Lukewarm Support for Zionism

UNRWA's Education System

A Palestinian-Shaped Undertaking

Palestinians in Peru

A Small, Dynamic Community with a 140-Year History

The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, 14 May 1948

An Ambiguous Constitutional-Legal Status

Khan Eshieh Refugee Camp

Germany and the Palestine Question Since 1949

Breaking with the Nazi Past, Adapting to Changing Interests

The Palestine Question in German Public Discourse

A Conflation of Zionism, Israel and Judaism

The Separation Wall

Security, Grabbing Land, Strangling Palestinians

Olive Oil Production in the Late Ottoman Rule

Embracing New Technology within a Deeply Rooted Tradition

The European Union and the Palestine Question

From Promising Ambitions to Crippling Divisions

Palestinians in Chile

A Large Community, Fully Chilean, Fully Engaged for Palestine

Sayida Zeinab (Qabr Essit) Refugee Camp

Husn (Martyr Azmi el-Mufti) Refugee Camp

Al-Raml (Latakia) Refugee Camp

Palestine-Egypt Border

A Line Imposed by the British on the Ottomans

Palestinians in Germany

From Melancholia to Anger

Tal al-Za‘atar Refugee Camp

The USSR and the Palestine Question, 1950–1991

Between Ideology and Realism

The New South Africa and the Palestine Question

From Good Offices to Total Support

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Perpetuating Israel’s Structural Dominance

Exhibition-Making Practices, 1917-1993

Curating the National Identity

Palestinians in El Salvador

A Prosperous, yet Depoliticized Diaspora

Japan and the Palestine Question

A Policy still Subordinate to the US

Jerash Refugee Camp (Gaza Camp)

The Great March of Return

Peaceful Demonstrations, Bloody Crackdown

The Political Failure of the Tripartite Aggression

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)

Public Contracts during the Mandate

Colonial Deals in Favor of Zionist Goals

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

Aida Refugee Camp

The Peel Commission, 1936–1937

Sowing the Seeds of the Partition

Brazil and the Palestine Question

Competing Solidarities, Fluctuating Policies

The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps

Perpetuating the Temporary

Places

Khirbat al-Muntar

Kirad al-Baqqara

Kirad al-Ghannama

Mansurat al-Khayt