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Biographies

Bendali Saliba al-Jawzi

Khalil al-Sakakini

23 January 1878 - 13 August 1953

1885 - 19 December 1953

Jamal al-Husseini

1892 - 5 July 1982

2 April 1892 - 24 April 1965

Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti

1894 - 22 June 1965

Mustafa al-Dabbagh

1897 - 1 October 1989

Anbara Salam Khalidi

4 August 1897 - 1986

Ishaq Musa al-Husseini

1904 - 17 December 1990

1905 - 2 May 1941

1905 - 21 May 1985

15 May 1905 - 17 November 1979

Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih

1907 - 8 January 2001

1907 - 27 July 2006

23 April 1907 - 1 October 1947

Abd al-Karim al-Karmi

1909 - 11 October 1980

Abd al-Majid Shuman

1912 - 5 July 2005

Abd al-Rahim Mahmoud

1913 - 13 July 1948

Wadi‘a Qaddura Khartabil

1917 - 12 December 2003

16 March 1919 - 27 August 1985

Jabra Ibrahim Jabra

28 August 1919 - 12 December 1994

29 August 1922 - 2 May 1996

1923 - 12 May 2004

20 April 1923 - 26 February 1999

1926 - 23 January 1984

13 September 1927 - 8 August 1967

1928 - 1 September 2020

Hanna Abu Hanna

16 October 1928 - 2 February 2022

7 May 1929 - 5 July 1994

Anis Abdullah Sayigh

3 November 1931 - 25 December 2009

1939 - 19 August 2014

Events

Jemal Pasha Orders the Public Hanging of Arab Nationalists from the Levant

21 August 1915 - 6 May 1916

Start of the Arab Revolt against the Ottomans

Establishment in New York of the Palestine Anti-Zionism Society (Later Renamed Palestine National League)

The General Syrian Congress and the King-Crane Commission

2 July 1919 - 3 July 1919

The General Syrian National Congress Proclaims the Independence of Syria

7 March 1920 - 8 March 1920

San Remo Conference: Distribution of Mandates

French Occupy Damascus and Establish State of Greater Lebanon

14 July 1920 - 31 August 1920

British-French Agreement on Boundary Line Between Palestine and Lebanon and Syria

Islamic Conference in Defense of al-Buraq and Muslim Holy Places in Jerusalem

1 November 1928

Arab Higher Committee Is Banned

October 1937 - November 1937

The "International Parliamentarian Congress of Arab and Islamic Countries in Support of Palestine" Is Held in Cairo

7 October 1938 - 11 October 1938

The Eastern Women's Congress in Defense of Palestine Is Held in Cairo

15 October 1938 - 18 October 1938

Alexandria Protocol and the League of Arab States

Establishment of Lebanese Consulate General in Palestine

30 December 1944 - 23 May 1945

League of Nations Passes on Supervision over Mandates to the UN

Arab Liberation Army Organized

1 January 1948 - 10 January 1948

Palestinian Attacks

14 January 1948 - 19 February 1948

Contingents of ALA Volunteers

21 January 1948 - 28 January 1948

British Break Arab Attacks

6 February 1948 - 10 February 1948

Fawzi al-Qawuqji Enters Palestine

Palestinian Operations

11 March 1948 - 31 March 1948

Operation Hametz and the Fall of Jaffa

24 April 1948 - 13 May 1948

Arab States (Reluctantly) Prepare for Intervention in Palestine

30 April 1948 - 12 May 1948

Operations Makkabi and Ben-Nun in al-Latrun Area

8 May 1948 - 31 May 1948

Third Phase of the Palestine War: Arab-Israeli War

15 May 1948 - 6 January 1949

Israel's Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance

16 September 1948

Arab Responses to Formation of the All-Palestine Government

5 October 1948 - 14 October 1948

Operation Hiram in the North

28 October 1948 - 31 October 1948

First Arab-Israeli Armistice Talks Commence Under UN Supervision in Rhodes

12 January 1949

UNCCP Convenes the Lausanne Conference

27 April 1949 - 12 September 1949

Palestinian Memorandum to UNCCP, Beirut

27 January 1951

Arab League and Jordan River Waters

15 February 1954

The US and Jordan River Waters

25 June 1954 - 6 July 1954

Exchange of Notes between Lebanon and UNRWA

26 November 1954

24 February 1955

Anti-Monarchic Coup in Iraq

Lebanon Establishes the Department of Palestinian Refugee Affairs at the Ministry of Interior

Death of Ahmad Hilmi Abd al-Baqi; Ahmad al-Shuqairi as Palestine Delegate to the Arab League

29 June 1963 - 19 September 1963

Palestinian Delegation at the UN

18 October 1963 - 5 November 1963

2nd Arab Summit Meets in Alexandria; Welcomes Establishment of PLO

5 September 1964 - 11 September 1964

A Lebanese Decree, Implicitly Applicable to Palestinian Refugees, Regulates Work of Foreigners

18 September 1964

Opening an Office of the PLO in Lebanon

23 October 1964 - 13 November 1964

President Bourguiba and 1947 Partition Plan

27 February 1965 - 11 March 1965

The Council of the Arab League Adopts the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in the Arab States

11 September 1965

June War, 3rd Day

Second Palestinian Exodus

10 June 1967 - 31 December 1967

Guerrilla Resistance in Gaza Strip

Israel Retaliates Against South Lebanon

12 May 1969 - 13 May 1969

PLO-Lebanon Cairo Agreement Regulates Palestinian Civil and Military Presence in the Country

3 November 1969

7th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

30 May 1970 - 4 June 1970

Israeli Military Operation in South Lebanon

25 February 1972 - 28 February 1972

SC Res. 313: Demanding that Israel Refrain Immediately from Military Action against Lebanon

28 February 1972

Japanese Red Army at Lod Airport

Israeli Military Operation in South Lebanon

21 June 1972 - 24 June 1972

SC Res. 316: Condemning the Repeated Attacks of Israeli Forces on Lebanon

Violent Israeli Retaliation in South Lebanon

16 September 1972 - 17 September 1972

Palestinian Operations in Northern Israel

Palestinian Operations from South Lebanon

5 March 1975 - 20 November 1975

Start of Civil War in Lebanon

13 April 1975 - 2 September 1982

Premeditated Israeli Air Attack Against Palestinians in Lebanon

2 December 1975

The PLO at the Security Council

4 December 1975

Draft SC Res S/11898 to Condemn Israeli Attacks against Lebanon, Vetoed by US

8 December 1975

Palestinian "Land Day"

Syrian Forces Enter Lebanon

Evacuation of US Nationals from Beirut with PLO Assistance

16 June 1976 - 20 June 1976

Fall of Tal al-Za'atar

Six-Party Arab Summit in Riyadh on Palestinian-Syrian Ceasefire in Lebanon

16 October 1976 - 18 October 1976

Arab States Take Position Against Sadat's Visit to Jerusalem

5 December 1977

Fatah Commando Operation and Israel's "Litani Operation"

11 March 1978 - 18 March 1978

SC Res. 425: Calling upon Israel to Withdraw its Forces from Lebanon, and Establishing UNIFIL

Israel Establishes a "Security Zone" in South Lebanon

A PLF Operation in Nahariya

Palestinian Operation Against Settlers in Hebron

2 May 1980 - 3 May 1980

15th Palestine National Council Is Held in Damascus

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

Israeli-Syrian Mounting Tension in Lebanon

28 April 1981 - 5 May 1981

Severe Israeli-Palestinian Clashes in Lebanon

10 July 1981 - 20 July 1981

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

11 November 1981 - 12 November 1981

South Lebanon Cease-fire Is Broken

21 April 1982 - 9 May 1982

Sharon Goes to Washington to Get Green Light on Lebanon War

Israeli Aerial Bombardment and Palestinian Artillery Across the Lebanon-Israel Border

4 June 1982 - 5 June 1982

SC Res. 508: Calling Upon all Parties to Cease Military Activities in Lebanon and across Lebanese-Israeli Border

SC Res. 509: Demanding Full and Unconditional Withdrawal of Israeli Forces from Lebanon

Israeli Invasion of Lebanon

6 June 1982 - 29 September 1982

Draft SC Res. S/15185 to Demand again Full and Unconditional Israeli Withdrawal, Vetoed by US

Encirclement of Beirut

11 June 1982 - 20 June 1982

Israel and the US Demand PLO Withdrawal from Beirut and Lebanon

15 June 1982 - 27 June 1982

Several Israeli Attempts to Assassinate Yasir Arafat During Invasion of Lebanon

15 June 1982 - 30 August 1982

Draft SC Res. S/15255/Rev.2 on a (French) Plan for Military Disengagement in Beirut, Vetoed by US

The PLO 11-Point Document

Reagan's Plan on the Palestinian Issue

1 September 1982

Assassination of Bashir Gemayel and Israeli Occupation of Beirut

14 September 1982 - 16 September 1982

Sabra and Shatila Massacres

16 September 1982 - 18 September 1982

Israeli-Lebanese Negotiations

28 December 1982

Kahan Report on the Sabra-Shatila Massacres

7 February 1983 - 10 February 1983

16th Palestine National Council Is Held in Algiers

14 February 1983 - 22 February 1983

Israel-Lebanon 17 May Agreement

17 May 1983 - 14 June 1983

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Tunis

3 August 1983 - 7 August 1983

Yasir Arafat in Tripoli, Lebanon, and then Cairo

16 September 1983 - 22 December 1983

Operations Against French and US Contingents in Beirut

23 October 1983

Palestinian Internal Polarization

27 March 1984 - 20 May 1984

Fatah-Democratic Alliance Precarious Reconciliation

27 June 1984 - 2 September 1984

17th Palestine National Council Is Held in Amman

22 November 1984 - 29 November 1984

Israeli Army Withdraws from Saida Region

16 February 1985

Prisoner Exchange between Israel and the PFLP-GC

Extraordinary Arab Summit Meets in Casablanca

7 August 1985 - 9 August 1985

Lebanon's Parliament Votes to Reject 1983 Agreement with Israel and 1969 Agreement with PLO

The Intifada and the Israeli Response in Another Stage in the Confrontation

11 March 1988 - 29 March 1988

Assassination of Khalil al-Wazir in Tunis

Israeli Raid on Palestinian Base South of Beirut; Ahmad Jibril Is Targeted

9 December 1988

Israel Deports Five Palestinians

Palestinian Response to the Invasion of Kuwait

3 August 1990 - 17 January 1991

Israel Deports Four Palestinians from Gaza to South Lebanon

US-Soviet Invitation to the Madrid Peace Conference

18 October 1991

8th Negotiation Round, Washington

7 December 1992 - 16 December 1992

Israel Deports 415 Palestinians to South Lebanon

13 December 1992 - 17 December 1992

Israel Launches Operation Grapes of Wrath Against Lebanon

11 April 1996 - 26 April 1996

Commemoration of the Nakba 50th Anniversary

14 May 1998 - 15 May 1998

Mounting Malaise in the Palestinian Territories

17 February 2000 - 18 May 2000

Undermining the Talks and Preparing for their Failure: The Settlers and the Israeli Army

15 July 2000 - 8 August 2000

Start of the Second Intifada

29 September 2000 - 4 October 2000

Arab and International Support of Palestinian Uprising

30 September 2000 - 7 October 2000

A Lebanese Legislative Amendment Equates Immovable Property Acquisition by Palestinian Refugees with their Resettlement

Lebanese MPs challenge the Constitutionality of Equating Immovable Property Acquisition by Palestinian Refugees with their Resettlement

Lebanon's Constitutional Council Upholds the Prohibition of Real Estate Acquisition by Palestinian Refugees

The Lebanese Minister of Labor Removes some Restrictions on the Work of Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon

7 June 2005 - 14 December 2005

The Lebanese Palestinian Dialogue Committee Is Established

25 November 2005

The Return of Palestinian Diplomatic Representation to Lebanon

6 January 2006 - 17 August 2011

Israel Launches Operation Southern Arrow

30 March 2006 - 14 May 2006

Hizballah Fighters Capture Israeli Soldiers

2nd Israel War on Lebanon: the July War

12 July 2006 - 14 August 2006

July War: Israel Launches an Air War Against Hizballah

July War: Israel's Air War Fails to Knock out Hizballah

14 July 2006 - 16 July 2006

July War: Diplomacy Paralyzed by the US

14 July 2006 - 16 July 2006

July War: Israel's Special Operations Along the Border

17 July 2006 - 19 July 2006

July War: Israel Attempts to Establish a Limited Foothold in Southern Lebanon

19 July 2006 - 29 July 2006

July War: Massacre in Qana; 48-Hour Partial Suspension of Air Strikes

30 July 2006 - 2 August 2006

July War: Israel Attempts to Create a Special Security Zone

2 August 2006 - 10 August 2006

July War: Diplomatic Efforts for a Cease-Fire

5 August 2006 - 9 August 2006

SC Res. 1701: Calling for a Cessation of Hostilities to End Israel's War on Lebanon

July War: Israel Attempts a Ground Offensive in Southern Lebanon

11 August 2006 - 14 August 2006

July War: The Cease-Fire

12 August 2006 - 14 August 2006

July War: A Balance Sheet

July War: Israel Begins Withdrawing from Southern Lebanon

14 August 2006 - 17 August 2006

Olmert's Convergence Plan Put Aside; Settlement Activity Resumes

18 August 2006 - 21 September 2006

After the July War: Winograd Commission Interim Report

The PLO Presents "the Palestine Announcement in Lebanon"

After the July War: Winograd Commission's Report on Israel's Handling of the 2006 Lebanon War

30 January 2008

Statement S/PRST/2010/9 by SC President on the Mavi Marmara Incident

An Amendment to the Lebanese Social Security Law Grants Palestinian Refugees Right to End-of-Service and Occupational Emergency Compensations

On Nakba Day, Palestinians Head Up Toward Cease-Fire Lines with Israel

15 May 2011 - 5 June 2011

A Joint Lebanese-Palestinian Civil Document Is Launched

A Unified Lebanese Vision on Issues of Palestinian Refugees Living in Lebanon

Popular Protests Against US Recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's Capital

7 December 2017 - 31 December 2017

Colombia Recognizes the State of Palestine

US ‘Peace to Prosperity’ Plan and Conference

22 June 2019 - 26 June 2019

May 2021 Gaza War, Day 4

May 2021 Gaza War, Day 6

The General Strike of the Unity Intifada

May 2021 Gaza War, Day 10

Historical Texts

1st Palestinian National Congress: Report to Paris Peace Conference (in Arabic)

Resolutions of the General Palestinian Congress in Damascus (in Arabic)

27 February 1920

Proclamation of the Independence of Syria (in Arabic)

Resolutions of the Jericho Conference on Palestinian-Jordanian Unity (in Arabic)

1 December 1948

Lebanon’s Department for Palestinian Refugee Affairs (in Arabic)

Speech of Ahmad al-Shuqairi, Head of the Palestine Delegation, before the UN Special Political Committee (in Arabic)

5 November 1963

Palestine National Council, 1st Session: List of Members (in Arabic)

28 May 1964 - 2 June 1964

Second Arab Summit: Statement (in Arabic)

5 September 1964 - 11 September 1964

President Bourguiba's Speech on the Palestine Question (in Arabic)

Palestine National Council, 2nd Session: Political Resolutions (in Arabic)

31 May 1965 - 4 June 1965

Third Arab Summit: Political Statement (in Arabic)

13 September 1965 - 18 September 1965

Palestine National Council, 3rd Session: Political Resolutions (in Arabic)

20 May 1966 - 24 May 1966

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1988: Concluding Statement (in Arabic)

7 June 1988 - 9 June 1988

Palestine National Council, 21st Session: Political Resolutions (in Arabic)

22 April 1996 - 25 April 1996

List of Transitional Issues Not Implemented by the Israeli Side, According to the PA Negotiations Affairs Department (in Arabic)

9 February 2000

Reorganization of Lebanon’s Department for Refugee Affairs (in Arabic)

14 October 2000

Thirteenth Arab Summit: Final Statement (in Arabic)

27 March 2001 - 28 March 2001

Fifteenth Arab Summit: Final Statement (in Arabic)

List of Jobs and Professions Restricted to Lebanese Citizens (in Arabic)

14 December 2005

Eighteenth Arab Summit: The Khartoum Declaration (in Arabic)

28 March 2006 - 29 March 2006

Nineteenth Arab Summit: Resolutions (in Arabic)

28 March 2007 - 29 March 2007

Statement of the Central Council of the Palestine Liberation Organization (in Arabic)

PLO Central Council, Statement (in Arabic)

The Palestine Announcement in Lebanon (in Arabic)

Final Statement of the Palestinian National Conference (in Arabic)

25 January 2008

Twentieth Arab Summit: The Damascus Declaration (in Arabic)

29 March 2008 - 30 March 2008

PLO Central Council, Resolutions (in Arabic)

23 November 2008 - 24 November 2008

Twenty-First Arab Summit: The Doha Declaration (in Arabic)

Fatah Sixth General Conference: Political Program (in Arabic)

Agreement on Palestinian National Conciliation (Draft) (in Arabic)

10 October 2009

Twenty-Second Arab Summit: The Sirte Declaration (in Arabic)

Provision on Palestinian Workers in Amended Lebanese Social Security Law (in Arabic)

Twenty-Fourth Arab Summit: The Doha Declaration (in Arabic)

26 March 2013 - 27 March 2013

Twenty-Fifth Arab Summit: Resolutions (in Arabic)

25 March 2014 - 26 March 2014

Statement Issued after a PLO-Hamas Meeting to End Division and Implement the National Reconciliation Agreement (in Arabic)

PLO Central Council, Resolutions (in Arabic)

26 April 2014 - 27 April 2014

Twenty-Sixth Arab Summit: Resolutions (in Arabic)

28 March 2015 - 29 March 2015

Statement of the PLO Executive Committee on the Report of the Quartet (in Arabic)

Twenty-Seventh Arab Summit: The Nouakchott Declaration (in Arabic)

Fatah's 7th General Conference: Final Communiqué (in Arabic)

29 November 2016 - 4 December 2016

Statement of the Preparatory Committee for the Palestine National Council (in Arabic)

11 January 2017

Closing Statement of the Popular Conference for the Palestinians Abroad (in Arabic)

25 February 2017 - 26 February 2017

Twenty-Eighth Arab Summit: The Amman Declaration (in Arabic)

PLO Central Council, 28th Session: Final Communiqué (in Arabic)

15 January 2018

Palestine National Council, 23rd Session: Final Communiqué (in Arabic)

30 April 2018 - 4 May 2018

PLO Central Council, 29th Session: Resolutions (in Arabic)

15 August 2018 - 17 August 2018

PLO Central Council, 30th Session: Communiqué (in Arabic)

28 October 2018 - 29 October 2018

Meeting of Palestinian Organizations' Secretaries-General: Final Communiqué (in Arabic)

3 September 2020

Historical Media

Arab League Warnings

Fawzi al-Qawuqji

Arab Liberation Army (ALA) Members

Highlights

Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip Since 1967

Incubators of Resistance

The Palestine Communist Party

The Palestinians and the Israeli Communist Party

Palestine Police During the British Mandate

Law Enforcement in Service of Zionist Goals

Expressions of Cultural Life in Post-1948 Haifa

Toward an Autonomous Palestinian Field

VII. From A Sense Of Victory To Separate Peace And Civil War

VIII. Palestinian Defeat, Divisions And Survival

IX. The First Intifada And The Beginning Of Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations

Palestinian Cinema

From Serving the Revolution to Creative Expression

Steadfastness as Everyday Resistance

UNRWA's Education System

A Palestinian-Shaped Undertaking

Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948

A Dynamic Movement Ripped Apart by the Nakba

Demography and the Palestine Question (I)

IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba

From Relief Provider to Vector of Identity

XI. The Al-Aqsa Intifada and the End of an Era in Palestinian Politics

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)

V. Reverberations Of 1948 Palestine War And The Arab-Israeli Conflict

Camp David Accords, 1978-1979

Shattering the Arab Front

The Second Intifada, 2000-2005

Mounting Confrontation, Shattered Aspirations

The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine – DFLP

Palestinian Emigration (I)

Israel’s Apartheid Regime

Entrenching Supremacism over the Palestinians

France and the Palestine Question before 1948

Competition with the British, North African Considerations, Lukewarm Support for Zionism

The Judaization of the Galilee

A Long-Lasting Strategy Faced by a Bulwark of Palestinian Tenacity

Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon

A Vulnerable Yet Vibrant Community

Palestinian Emigration (II)

Lebanon War, 1982

A Setback for the PLO and for Israel's 'Grand Design'

Battle of al-Karama, 21 March 1968

A Triggering Moment For the Palestinian Resistance

Palestine Liberation Organization (II)

From the Limelight to the Backstage

Madrid and the Oslo Agreement, 1991-1993

Short-Lived Promises of a Negotiated Settlement

The Palestinian Communist Movement

Palestinian Refugees in Syria

Fully Integrated, for Better and for Worse

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP

Nablus Soap Production

The Decline of an Ancient Heritage

The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine

Negotiating Palestine after the Nakba

The Israeli Military

The Myth of “the Most Moral Army in the World”

The Palestinians in Chile

A Large Community, Fully Chilean, Fully Engaged for Palestine

Palestinians in Jordan Since 1967

A Never-Ending Normalization

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

The King-Crane Commission of 1919

Setting a Pattern of Futile 'Peace' Initiatives

Meanings of the Nakba

Transformations through Time and Place

Palestinian Visual Arts (I)

Beginners (1795-1955)

Ottoman Territorial Reorganization, 1840-1917

Preliminary Sketches of Mandate Palestine's Boundaries

Palestinian Youth in Conflict

A Childhood Denied

Demography and the Palestine Question (II)

X. The Oslo Process And The Establishment Of The Palestinian Authority

The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine

The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

Sabra and Shatila, 16-18 September 1982

A Massacre by Proxy

The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps

Perpetuating the Temporary

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (I)

Before the Nakba

Palestinians in Israel’s “Mixed Cities”

Manufacturing Ghettoes, Erasing History

The War on Gaza, 2008–2009

Israel’s Strategic Quandary

Palestinians in Germany

From Melancholia to Anger

The USSR and the Palestine Question, 1950–1991

Between Ideology and Realism

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

The May 2021 Gaza War

Against New Challenges, Israel’s Old Recipes

The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948

An Ominous Sign of Worse to Come

Stages of a Forced Displacement

Lydda, 9-13 July 1948

A City-Wide Massacre Culminating in the Death March

XII. A Palestinian Authority Divided, Israeli Assaults on Gaza, and Peace Process Setbacks

Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails

Large-Scale Incarceration and Resistance

The Bosnians of Palestine

The Palestinians in Sweden

Engaged for Palestine beyond their Diverse Legal Statuses

The Palestine Radio, 1936-1948

The Contradictory Effects of a Government-Run Station

Palestinian Theater

The Bumpy History of a Maturing Art