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Biographies

Hafiz al-Sa’id

1860 - 13 April 1930

Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi

1864 - 6 August 1913

Jurji Habib Hanania

Freih Abu Middein

1880 - 16 June 1946

24 September 1882 - 15 January 1964

Abd al-Latif Salah

1884 - 8 November 1952

Muhammad Izzat Darwaza

21 June 1887 - 26 July 1984

Rafiq al-Tamimi

Iskandar al-Khoury al-Beitjali

1889 - 7 July 1973

2 April 1892 - 24 April 1965

1893 - 27 April 1940

27 July 1894 - 6 August 1993

Subhi al-Khadra

1895 - 4 July 1954

Muhammad Amin al-Husseini

1895 - 4 July 1974

4 April 1895 - 26 August 1971

Matiel Mogannam

15 February 1899 - 11 August 1992

Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani

Constantine Zurayk

18 April 1909 - 12 August 2000

1910 - 26 February 1971

Sami Taha Hamran

1911 - 11 September 1947

Abd al-Majid Shuman

1912 - 5 July 2005

Fatima al-Budeiri

1923 - June 2009

Yusra al-Barbari

15 April 1923 - 13 May 2009

1925 - 10 April 1973

Ibrahim Abu-Lughod

15 February 1929 - 23 May 2001

24 August 1929 - 11 November 2004

Anis Abdullah Sayigh

3 November 1931 - 25 December 2009

1934 - 14 September 2021

9 May 1935 - 10 April 1973

1 November 1935 - 24 September 2003

Bayan Nuwayhed al-Hout

1937 - 12 July 2025

Youssef Sami al-Youssef

1938 - 2 May 2013

Mustafa al-Zabri (Abu Ali Mustafa)

14 May 1938 - 27 August 2001

Abd al-Aziz Rantisi

1947 - 17 April 2004

13 July 1949 - 18 February 2026

François Abou Salem

16 November 1951 - 1 October 2011

Dalal al-Mughrabi

29 December 1959 - 11 March 1978

Yahya al-Sinwar

19 October 1962 - 17 October 2024

9 February 1963

Historical Texts

Ottoman Firman on Christian Holy Places in Jerusalem and Bethlehem

8 February 1852

Letter from Sir Henry McMahon to Sharif Hussein

25 October 1915

Sykes-Picot Agreement

Balfour Declaration

2 November 1917

Proclamation of Martial Law in Jerusalem

11 December 1917

Message of the General Syrian Congress To the King-Crane Commission

Recommendations of the King-Crane Commission

Proclamation of the Independence of Syria

San Remo Conference Resolutions: Syria, Mesopotamia [Iraq], Palestine Mandates

Palin Commission Report

Franco-British Convention on Mandate Boundaries

23 December 1920

Report by the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry into the May 1921 Jaffa Riots

The Supreme Islamic Shari'a Council Order

20 December 1921

Churchill White Paper

League of Nations - Mandate for Palestine

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

Palestine Legislative Council Election Order, 1922

Agreement between Great Britain and Transjordan Emirate

20 February 1928

Amery Memorandum on The Western Wall in Jerusalem

19 November 1928

Shaw Commission Report

The Hope Simpson Report

Passfield White Paper

20 October 1930

Report of the British - International Commission on al-Buraq / Western Wall

1 December 1930

MacDonald's Letter to Weizmann

13 February 1931

Palestine (Western or Wailing Wall) Order in Council, 1931

Statement of the Arab National Conference

13 December 1931

Charter of the Arab Youth Congress

The Murison Commission Report

National Bloc Party: Bylaws

Proposed New Constitution for Palestine

22 December 1935 - 23 December 1935

Memorandum Submitted by Arab Senior Government Officials to the High Commissioner

The Palestine (Defence) Order in Council, 1937

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead Commission) Report

9 November 1938

British Government Statement on the Partition (Woodhead) Commission's Report

11 November 1938

London Round Table Conference on McMahon-Husain Correspondence

MacDonald White Paper

Reply of Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

Land Transfers Regulations, 1940

20 February 1940

The Alexandria Protocol on Forming the League of Arab States

Memorandum of Conversation between King Abdulaziz Saud and President Roosevelt

14 February 1945

Pact of the League of Arab States

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

Bevin's Statement on Formation of an Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

13 November 1945

Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Transjordan, 1946

Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

Council of the Arab League: Establishment of a Unified Palestinian Arab Higher Committee

Statement by the Council of the Arab League on the Anglo-American Committee's Report on Palestine

The Grady-Morrison Plan

Arab Constitutional Proposals at London Roundtable Conference

30 September 1946

Arab Ten-Point Position on UN Agenda on Palestine

UNGA Resolution 106 (S-1)

UNSCOP Minority Proposal: Federal State Plan

3 September 1947

UNSCOP Majority Proposal: Partition Plan

3 September 1947

UNSCOP Recommendations Approved Unanimously or by Substantial Majority

3 September 1947

UNGA Partition Plan

29 November 1947

UN Palestine Commission First Report

29 January 1948

UN Palestine Commission Report on Security in Palestine

16 February 1948

Statement by the Committee of the Christian Union of Palestine

Text of Plan Dalet (Plan D): General Section

Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Transjordan, 1948

UNSC Resolution 43: Calling for an Immediate Truce in Palestine

UNSC Resolution 46

The Palestine Act, 1948

Statement by the Governments of the Arab League States on their Military Intervention in Palestine

Israel: Law and Administration Ordinance

UNSC Resolution 49

Abandoned Areas Ordinance

Suggestions Presented by the UN Mediator on Palestine (Bernadotte) to the Two Parties

UNSC Resolution 54

Progress Report of the UN Mediator on Palestine (Bernadotte)

16 September 1948

Israel: Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance No. 29 of 1948

16 September 1948

Prevention of Terrorism Ordinance No. 33, 5708-1948

23 September 1948

Al-Dawayima Massacre, 29 October 1948 An Israeli Soldier Eye-Witness Account

8 November 1948

UNGA Resolution 212 (III)

19 November 1948

UNGA Resolution 194 (III)

11 December 1948

Egypt-Israel General Armistice Agreement

24 February 1949

Lebanon-Israel General Armistice Agreement

Jordan-Israel General Armistice Agreement

Report Submitted by the Arab Refugee Congress of Ramallah on al-Dawayima Massacre

Syria–Israel General Armistice Agreement

United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine: Fourth Progress Report

22 September 1949

UNGA Resolution 302 (IV)

8 December 1949

UNGA Resolution 303

9 December 1949

Absentees' Property Law, 5710-1950

Israel Law of Return and its Amendments

Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Egypt And the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

12 September 1950

UNGA Resolution 393 (V)

2 December 1950

UNGA Resolution 394 (V)

14 December 1950

Agreement between the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan And the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

UNSC Resolution 95

1 September 1951

UNSC Resolution 101

24 November 1953

Prevention of Infiltration (Offences and Jurisdiction) Law 1954 (5714)

UNSC Resolution 106

UNGA Resolution 997 (ES-I)

2 November 1956

Special Report of the Director of the UNRWA

15 December 1956

Proclamation of the Constitutional Statute of Gaza, 1962

UNSC Resolution 171

Palestine National (qawmi) Charter

Basic Law of the PLO

Fatah First Military Communiqué

Draft of UNSC Resolution 7575/Rev.1

3 November 1966

Exchange of Letters Between Israel and UNRWA

Lyndon B. Johnson: Statement on Principles for Peace in the Middle East

UNGA Resolution 2253 (ES-V)

UNGA Resolution 2254 (ES-V)

Fourth Arab Summit: Resolutions

1 September 1967

Fatah: The Palestine National Liberation Movement, Press Release

UNSC Resolution 252

Palestine National Council, 4th Session: Political Resolutions

10 July 1968 - 17 July 1968

Palestine National (watani) Charter

Amended Basic Law of the Palestine Liberation Organization

Palestine National Council, 5th Session: Political Statement

4 February 1969

UNSC Resolution 267

Palestine National Council, 6th Session: Political Statement

6 September 1969

UNSC Resolution 271

15 September 1969

9 December 1969

Palestine National Council, 7th Session: Resolutions

Palestinian National Council, Emergency Session: Resolutions

UNGA Resolution 2649 (XXV)

30 November 1970

UNGA Resolution 2672 (XXV)

8 December 1970

Palestine National Council, 8th Session: Interim Political Program of the Palestine Revolution

UNSC Resolution 298

25 September 1971

UNGA Resolution 2792 (XXVI)

6 December 1971

UNSC Resolution 313

28 February 1972

Speech by Jordan’s King Hussein, Proposing a United Arab Kingdom in the Event of a Peaceful Settlement

Palestine National Council, 10th Session (Extraordinary): Political program

UNSC Resolution 316

Sixth Arab Summit: Confidential Decisions

28 November 1973

Sixth Arab Summit: Policy Statement

28 November 1973

Palestine National Council, 11th Session: Political Program

12 December 1973

PLO Interim Program (Ten-Point Program)

Seventh Arab Summit: The Palestine Resolution

29 October 1974

Speech of Yasir Arafat at the UNGA

13 November 1974

Memorandum of Agreement between the U.S. and Israel Regarding the Reconvening of the Geneva Conference

1 September 1975

UNGA Resolution 3376 (XXX)

10 November 1975

UNGA Resolution 3379 (XXX)

10 November 1975

UNGA Resolution 3375 (XXX)

10 November 1975

The Koenig Memorandum

Draft of UNSC Resolution 12022

Eighth Arab Summit: Statement

25 October 1976 - 26 October 1976

Palestine National Council, 13th Session: Political Declaration

12 March 1977 - 22 March 1977

Israel-U.S. Working Paper on the Resumption of the Geneva Peace Conference

Address by President Anwar Sadat to the Knesset

20 November 1977

PLO Central Council, Statement on Sadat's Visit to Israel

30 November 1977

Statement by Palestinian Institutions in the Occupied Territories on Sadat’s Visit to Israel

8 December 1977

Begin's Autonomy Plan

28 December 1977

Framework for Peace in the Middle East (Camp David Accords)

17 September 1978

Ninth Arab Summit: Final Statement

2 November 1978 - 5 November 1978

Palestine National Council, 14th Session: National Unity Programme

15 January 1979 - 22 January 1979

UNSC Resolution 446

Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt

Tenth Arab Summit: Final Statement

20 November 1979 - 22 November 1979

Egyptian Model for Palestinian Full Autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

28 January 1980

UNSC Resolution 465

The Venice Declaration

Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel

Sadat’s Letter to Begin Following Israel’s Enactment of Basic Law on Jerusalem

Eleventh Arab Summit: Final Communiqué

25 November 1980 - 27 November 1980

Palestine National Council, 15th Session: Political Statement

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

The Golan Heights Law

14 December 1981

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14832/Rev.1

19 January 1982

Israel's Proposals for the Self-Governing Authority in the West Bank and Gaza

31 January 1982

UNGA Resolution ES-9/1

5 February 1982

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14985

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15255/Rev.2

Plan for the Departure from Lebanon of the PLO Leadership, Offices, and Combatants in Beirut

1 September 1982

Israeli Cabinet Communiqué on President Reagan's Peace Proposal

2 September 1982

Kahan Commission of Inquiry Report into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut

7 February 1983

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15895

UNGA Resolution 38/58

13 December 1983

Secretary-General Report A/39/130 - S/16409

Palestine National Council, 17th Session: Final Statement

22 November 1984 - 29 November 1984

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1985: Final Communiqué

7 August 1985 - 9 August 1985

Draft of UNSC Resolution 17769

29 January 1986

The London Agreement

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1987: Resolutions

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

UNGA Resolution 42/210

17 December 1987

UNSC Resolution 607

UNSC Resolution 608

14 January 1988

UNGA Resolution 42/229

The Shultz Negotiations Plan

UNGA Resolution 42/230

King Hussein’s Address to the Nation on Severing Ties with the West Bank

Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)

Palestine National Council (19th Session) Political Communiqué

15 November 1988

Yasir Arafat’s Speech Before the Forty-Third Session of the United Nations General Assembly

13 December 1988

Press Conference Statement of Yasir Arafat Clarifying His Speech Before the UN General Assembly

14 December 1988

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1989: Resolution on the Palestine Question

23 May 1989 - 26 May 1989

UNSC Resolution 641

PLO “Assumptions” with Regard to Baker's Five Points

1 December 1989

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 1st Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 2nd Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 4th Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

UNSC Resolution 694

Exchange of Letters Between President Bush and Prime Minister Shamir on Proposed Peace Conference

Palestine National Council, 20th Session: Political Statement

28 September 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to the Palestinians

18 October 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to Israel

18 October 1991

Speech of Haydar Abd al-Shafi at the Madrid Conference

31 October 1991

UNSC Resolution 726

Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty

UNSC Resolution 799

18 December 1992

Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (Oslo I Accord)

13 September 1993

Fundamental Agreement Between The Holy See And The State Of Israel

30 December 1993

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area

The Knesset Law Concerning the Implementation of the Agreement on Gaza and Jericho Areas (Restrictions of Activity) 1994

26 December 1994

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

28 September 1995

Yitzhak Rabin’s Address to Knesset after Israeli-Palestinian Agreement

The Beilin – Abu Mazen Document

31 October 1995

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1996: Resolution on the Palestine Question

21 June 1996 - 23 June 1996

Protocol Concerning the Redeployment in Hebron

17 January 1997

UNGA Resolution ES-10/3

Legal Personality Agreement Between Israel and the Holy See

10 November 1997

UNGA Resolution 52/250

Statement by the President of the Security Council S/PRST/1998/21

Wye River Memorandum

23 October 1998

UNGA Resolution ES-10/6

9 February 1999

Declaration of the Heads of State or Government of the European Union On the Middle East Peace Process: The Berlin Declaration

Sharm el Sheikh Memorandum

4 September 1999

Protocol Concerning Safe Passage Between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

Basic Agreement Between the Holy See and the Palestine Liberation Organization

15 February 2000

UNSC Resolution 1322

UNGA Resolution ES-10/7

20 October 2000

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 2000: Communiqué

21 October 2000 - 22 October 2000

President Clinton Proposals on Israeli‑Palestinian Peace

23 December 2000

Palestinian Response to President Clinton Proposals

Israel’s Response to President Clinton Proposals

Palestinian and Israeli Positions on Refugees

22 January 2001 - 23 January 2001

The “Moratinos Non-Paper” on the Outcome of the Taba Talks (21-27 January 2001)

27 January 2001

The Mitchell Report

Palestinian-Israeli Security Implementation Work Plan (Tenet Cease-Fire Plan)

South African Communiqué on Palestinian-Israeli Meeting

11 January 2002

Incarceration of Unlawful Combatants Law

Letter of UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan to Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon

The Quartet (UN, EU, Russia, US) Communiqué on the Situation in the Occupied Territories

UNSC Resolution 1435

24 September 2002

Draft of UNSC Resolution S/2002/1385

20 December 2002

Law of 2003 Amending the Basic Law

A Performance-Based Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Israel and the Road Map

23 May 2003 - 25 May 2003

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2003/891

16 September 2003

UNGA Resolution ES-10/12

25 September 2003

The Geneva Accord

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2003/980

14 October 2003

UNGA Resolution ES-10/13

27 October 2003

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2004/240

President Bush's letter to Prime Minister Sharon

Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s Disengagement Plan: Key Principles

UNGA Resolution ES-10/15

Palestinian Parties and Factions Code of Conduct during the Legislative Electoral Process

17 October 2005

Agreed Principles for Rafah Crossing In Connection with the Gaza Disengagement

15 November 2005

EU’s Decision on a Border Assistance Mission to Rafah

12 December 2005

Statement by Middle East Quartet on the Palestinian Legislative Elections

30 January 2006

Prime Minister Elect Ismail Haniyeh Presents New Government’s Program To the Palestinian Legislative Council

Prisoners’ Document on National Conciliation

National Conciliation Document

UNSC Resolution 1701

UNGA Resolution ES-10/17

24 January 2007

President George W. Bush’s Policy Speech

President George W. Bush’s Speech Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process

10 January 2008

Summary Final Report - The Winograd Commission of Inquiry

30 January 2008

UNSC Resolution 1850

16 December 2008

Memorandum of Understanding between Israel and the United States Regarding Prevention of the Supply of Arms and Related Materiel to Terrorist Groups

16 January 2009

Letter Dated 4 May 2009 from the Secretary-General Addressed to the President of the Security Council

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University

Prime Minister Salam Fayyad’s Address at al-Quds University: Statehood in Two Years

Fatah Sixth General Conference: Five Points of Clarification on Political Program

Report of the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (Goldstone Report)

25 September 2009

Statement by the President of the Security Council S/PRST/2010/9

Mahmoud Abbas's Op-Ed in the New York Times: The Long Overdue Palestinian State

President Barack Obama's Address to the State Department Reframing U.S. Middle East Policy

Statement by Middle East Quartet

23 September 2011

Understanding Regarding Ceasefire in Gaza Strip

21 November 2012

HRC Resolution S-21/1

Conference of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention Declaration

17 December 2014

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2014/916

30 December 2014

Report of the UNHِQ Board of Inquiry Into Incidents Affecting UNRWA Schools during the 2014 Gaza War

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Mahmoud Abbas’s Speech at the 70th Session of the UNGA

30 September 2015

Council of the European Union: Conclusions on the Middle East Peace Process

18 January 2016

Report of the Middle East Quartet

UNSC Resolution 2334

23 December 2016

Secretary John Kerry’s Speech on Middle East Peace

28 December 2016

Law for the Regularization of Settlement in Judea and Samaria, 5777-2017

6 February 2017

UNESCWA Report on Israeli Apartheid

The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas): Document of General Principles and Policies

Lebanese-Palestinian Dialogue Committee: A Unified Lebanese Vision For the Palestinian Refugees Affairs In Lebanon

Bezalel Smotrich: Israel's Decisive Plan

7 September 2017

Mahmoud Abbas’s Op-Ed in The Guardian: Britain Must Atone for the Balfour Declaration – and 100 years of Suffering

1 November 2017

Statement by President Donald Trump On Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel

6 December 2017

Draft of UNSC Resolution S/2017/1060

18 December 2017

UNGA Resolution ES-10/19

21 December 2017

Twenty-Ninth Arab Summit (The Jerusalem Summit): Dhahran Declaration

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2018/516

UNGA Resolution ES-10/20

Palestinian Prime Minister's Letter to Secretary of State on No Longer Accepting US Assistance

26 December 2018

Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry: On the Protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

28 February 2019

President Donald Trump: Proclamation on Recognizing the Golan Heights as Part of the State of Israel

30th Arab Summit: Tunis Declaration

Secretary Michael R. Pompeo Press Remarks On Israeli Settlements

18 November 2019

Abraham Accords: Treaty of Peace Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel

15 September 2020

Joint Statement of the Foreign Ministers of France, Germany, Egypt and Jordan (The Munich Group)

11 January 2021

B’Tselem: A Regime of Jewish Supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid

12 January 2021

ICC Decision on its Jurisdiction in Palestine

5 February 2021

HRC Res. S-30/1: Establishing an Ongoing Commission of Inquiry on Palestine

Framework for Cooperation between UNRWA and the USA, 2021-2022

Amnesty Report on Israeli Apartheid

1 February 2022

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry to HRC

US-Israel Joint Declaration on Strategic Partnership

Mahmoud Abbas’s Statement Before Joe Biden

UNGA Resolution 77/247

30 December 2022

Events

Founding Principles of Ottoman Reform: The Tanzimat Stage II

18 February 1856

Ottoman Law of Nationality; An Attempt to Curb European Interference

19 January 1869

The Ottoman Government Sets Out Principles Governing Jewish Immigration to the Empire

24 November 1881

7th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

27 July 1905 - 2 August 1905

Establishment of Palestinian Newspaper al-Karmel in Haifa

American Jews Petition President Wilson Against Jewish State in Palestine

The General Syrian Congress and the King-Crane Commission

2 July 1919 - 3 July 1919

Mahlul Land Ordinance

4th Palestinian National Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

29 May 1921 - 4 June 1921

The Palestinian Delegation Conducts Sterile Negotiations in London

2 July 1921 - 31 July 1922

Report of the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry on Jaffa Disturbances

Prevention of Crime (Tribal and Village Areas) Ordinance Goes into Effect

The Palestine Gendarmerie Is Disbanded and the Palestine Police Reorganized

Collective Punishments Ordinance Is Issued

Protection of Cultivators Ordinance No. 27

Shaw Commission Report on al-Buraq / Western Wall Disturbances

White Paper (Passfield) of 1930 Is Published

20 October 1930

Murison Commission of Inquiry

Memorandum of Arab Senior Government Officials to the High Commissioner

Great Britain Issues the Palestine Martial Law (Defence) Order in Council, 1936

30 September 1936

Formation of the Arab National League (ANL) in New York

August 1937 - May 1941

Establishment of Hanita Settlement in Western Galilee

The Palestine Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

Pact of the League of Arab States; Annex on Palestine

Jewish Agency Partition Plan Secures US Endorsement

5 August 1946 - 14 August 1946

Church Leaders in Palestine Denounce Partition

Second Phase of the Palestine War: Zionist Offensive

10 March 1948 - 15 May 1948

SC Res. 46: Calling upon All Parties to Cease Military Activities in Palestine

The "West Bank" of the Jordan to Be Placed Under Jordanian Military Government

16 May 1948 - 24 May 1948

Israel's Law and Administration Ordinance

SC Res. 50: Calling for a 4-week Cessation of Hostilities in Palestine

Abandoned Areas Ordinance

Israel's Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance

16 September 1948

Establishment of All-Palestine Government in Gaza

22 September 1948 - 2 October 1948

Israel Establishes Military Government in Palestinian Areas

21 October 1948

Israel's Application for UN Membership Fails to Obtain Security Council Approval

17 December 1948

The US Recognizes Transjordan on a de jure Basis

31 January 1949

Jordan's Early Measure to "Jordanize" Arab Palestinians

14 February 1949

Israel Enacts the Emergency Regulations (Security Zones)

24 April 1949 - 27 July 1949

Jordan Issues National Guard Law

17 January 1950

Absentees' Property Law, 5710-1950

Israeli Law of Return

The Knesset Enacts the Nationality Law

Land Acquisition (Validation of Acts and Compensation) Law

Jordanian Nationality Law

16 February 1954

The Knesset Issues the Prevention of Infiltration Law

Egypt and Syria Sign a Mutual Defense Pact

20 October 1955

France and Israel Sign Arms Deal and Prepare for War

22 June 1956 - 29 July 1956

Kafr Qasim Massacre

29 October 1956

Israel Addresses the Future of Sinai

7 November 1956 - 8 November 1956

The Knesset adopts the Basic Law: The Knesset

12 February 1958

Basic Law: Israel Lands

Reservations of Lebanon, Kuwait and Libya to the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States

Emergency Special Session of the UN General Assembly

13 June 1967 - 21 July 1967

The Knesset Paves the Way for the Annexation of East Jerusalem

27 June 1967 - 28 June 1967

Military Order No. 58, Concerning Abandoned Property (Private Property)

Military Order No. 59, Concerning State Property

Israeli Military Order Regarding Prohibition of Incitement and Hostile Propaganda Actions (West Bank) No. 101

6th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

1 September 1969 - 9 September 1969

SC Res. 271: Condemning the Execrable Act of Desecration of al-Aqsa Mosque

15 September 1969

UNGA Res. 2649 (XXV): Condemning Denial of Right to Self-Determination to Peoples of South Africa and Palestine

30 November 1970

SC Res. 313: Demanding that Israel Refrain Immediately from Military Action Against Lebanon

28 February 1972

Attempted Assassination of Anis Sayigh in Beirut

7th Arab Summit Meeting in Rabat; PLO Recognized as Sole Representative of Palestinian People

26 October 1974 - 29 October 1974

UNGA Res. 3375 (XXX): Calling for Inviting PLO to any UN Efforts on the Middle East on Equal Footing with Other Parties

10 November 1975

6th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

26 September 1979 - 27 September 1979

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

The Knesset Issues Amendment 1 to Prevention of Terrorism Ordinance

11th Arab Summit Meets in Amman

25 November 1980 - 27 November 1980

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

11 November 1981 - 12 November 1981

Draft SC Res. S/14832/Rev.1 to Consider Israeli Golan Measures an Act of Agression, Vetoed by US

20 January 1982

Draft SC Res. S/14985 to Condemn Shooting of Worshippers at Haram al-Sharif, Vetoed by US

30th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

7 December 1982 - 16 December 1982

Jordanian Parliament Revived

9 January 1984 - 18 January 1984

Palestinian Internal Polarization

27 March 1984 - 20 May 1984

Attempts to Form a Jordanian-Palestinian Delegation to Meet the US

1 March 1985 - 1 September 1985

18th Palestine National Council Is Held in Algiers: Restoration of Unity

20 April 1987 - 25 April 1987

US Legislation Aiming at the Closure of the PLO UN Observer Mission in New York

9 October 1987 - 22 December 1987

Extraordinary Arab Summit Meets in Amman

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

UNGA Res. 42/210: Affirms PLO UN Mission Covered by Headquarters Agreement with Host Country

17 December 1987

SC Res. 607: Calling upon Israel to Refrain from Deporting Palestinians

UNGA Res. 42/229: Calling Host Country to Abide by Agreement (on PLO Mission), Requesting ICJ Opinion

ICJ on US Treaty Obligations and the US Position on the PLO Office in New York

9 March 1988 - 11 March 1988

The PLO Executive Committee Rejects Israel's Peace Initiative

SC Res. 641: Deploring the Continuing Deportation by Israel of Palestinian Civilians

Responses to the Baker Five-Point Plan

16 October 1989 - 18 December 1989

The US Administration Suspends Dialogue with the PLO

Palestinian Response to the Invasion of Kuwait

3 August 1990 - 17 January 1991

A New Constitutional Law Rejects Palestinians' Resettlement in Lebanon

21 September 1990

SC Res 694: Deploring Israel's Deportation of Palestinian Civilians

Arafat Survives a Plane Crash in Libya

7 April 1992 - 8 April 1992

6th Negotiation Round, 2nd Stage, Washington

14 September 1992 - 24 September 1992

Israeli-Jordanian Peace Treaty Signed near Aqaba

26 October 1994

The Knesset Adopts the Law Concerning the Implementation of the Agreement on Gaza and Jericho Areas (Restrictions of Activity) 1994

26 December 1994

The Tragedy of the Palestinians in Libya

9 August 1995 - 13 January 1999

Likud's Benjamin Netanyahu Is Elected Prime Minister

29 May 1996 - 18 June 1996

First Netanyahu-Arafat Meeting

4 September 1996

Israeli Settlement Activities Amid Attempts to Resume Talks

10 September 1997 - 6 November 1997

Israel's Position on Further Redeployment and on Palestinian Obligations

23 November 1997 - 14 January 1998

33rd Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

23 December 1997 - 26 December 1997

European Union Declaration "Compensating" the PLO for Not Declaring a State

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Gaza

27 April 1999 - 29 April 1999

Setting Up Israeli-Palestinian Back Channel

1 December 1999 - 5 May 2000

FAPS Target Date Extended to 13 May: The Bolling Rounds

7 March 2000 - 20 April 2000

Failure to Reach the FAPS by 13 May 2000 Target Date: Eilat Round

30 April 2000 - 8 May 2000

The Stockholm Back Channel - 1st Session

12 May 2000 - 15 May 2000

Israeli-Palestinian (Post-Stockholm) Back Channel

1 June 2000 - 3 June 2000

Israeli Retaliatory Strategy and First Signs of a "Militarized" Intifada

19 October 2000 - 7 November 2000

A Lebanese Legislative Amendment Equates Immovable Property Acquisition by Palestinian Refugees with their Resettlement

Lebanon's Constitutional Council Upholds the Prohibition of Real Estate Acquisition by Palestinian Refugees

The Tenet Cease-Fire Plan

11 June 2001 - 20 June 2001

With the Assassination of Abu Hanud, Israeli-Palestinian Confrontation Reaches a New Level

26 November 2001 - 15 December 2001

The Knesset Passes the Incarceration of Unlawful Combatants Law

Israeli and International Pressures for a PA Reform

7 May 2002 - 5 June 2002

Triggered by a Suicide Bombing, Israel Carries Out Operation Determined Path

18 June 2002 - 16 July 2002

SC Res. 1435: Concern over Reoccupation of Arafat's Headquarters in Ramallah and Call for Israeli Withdrawal

24 September 2002

The Knesset Enacts the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law (Temporary Order) 2003 for Banning Family Unification

31 July 2003 - 21 March 2007

Yasir Arafat in the Line of Fire

4 September 2003 - 30 September 2003

Draft SC Res. S/2003/891 Against any Israeli Act of Deportation and any Threat to Arafat's Safety Vetoed by US

16 September 2003

UNGA Res. ES-10/12: Demands Israel to Desist from any Israeli Act of Deportation and any Threat to Arafat's Safety

19 September 2003

Sharon's Speech on Unilateral Disengagement Plan

18 December 2003

Draft SC Res. S/2004/240 Condemning Extrajudicial Executions (Shaykh Ahmad Yasin) and all Terrorist Acts Vetoed by US

Sharon's Letter to Bush on Disengagement Plan

Bush's Letter to Sharon on the Disengagement Plan

Reactions to Bush's Assurances to Sharon RE Disengagement Plan

15 April 2004 - 6 May 2004

Israeli Attacks Resume: Operations Orange Iron, Violet Iron

17 November 2004 - 28 December 2004

Disengagement: Israeli-Egyptian Protocol on Gaza-Egypt Border

1 September 2005 - 12 September 2005

The Prisoners' Initiative: National Conciliation Document

10 May 2006 - 13 May 2006

July War: Diplomacy Paralyzed by the US

14 July 2006 - 16 July 2006

July War: Israel Attempts to Create a Special Security Zone

2 August 2006 - 10 August 2006

SC Res. 1701: Calling for a Cessation of Hostilities to End Israel's War on Lebanon

July War: Israel Begins Withdrawing from Southern Lebanon

14 August 2006 - 17 August 2006

Intra-Palestinian Dynamics: The False Hopes of National Unity Talks

25 August 2006 - 23 September 2006

International Responses to Palestinian Unity Efforts

2 February 2007 - 19 February 2007

Israeli and US Reactions to the Revived Arab Peace Initiative

29 March 2007 - 17 April 2007

The Annapolis Conference Opens a New Round of Palestinian-Israeli Talks

27 November 2007

Settlement Expansion in Jabal Abu Ghunaym/ Har Homa

4 December 2007

Post-Annapolis Talks on Final Status Resume: Refugees and Territory Stumbling Blocks

24 March 2008 - 4 May 2008

SC Res. 1850: Expressing Support for the Annapolis Negotiations and the Quartet Principles of January 2006

16 December 2008

SC Res. 1860: Calling for a Gaza Ceasefire and Arrangements to Prevent Arms Trafficking

War on Gaza: Israel Announces a Unilateral Cease-Fire

17 January 2009

Talks to Consolidate Cease-Fire and Exchange Prisoners End in Failure

13 February 2009 - 18 February 2009

The New Netanyahu Government Prepares its Position on the Palestinian Issue

31 March 2009 - 5 May 2009

The Obama Administration Prepares its Peace Initiative with the Israeli Side: The Settlements Issue

18 May 2009 - 1 June 2009

36th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

15 June 2010 - 17 June 2010

An Amendment to the Lebanese Social Security Law Grants Palestinian Refugees Right to End-of-Service and Occupational Emergency Compensations

US Makes Incredible Offer to Israel in Exchange for a Two-Month Partial Settlement Freeze

29 September 2010 - 12 December 2010

The Knesset passes the Law on Disclosure Requirements for Recipients of Support from a Foreign State Entity

The Knesset Passes the "Nakba Law"

The Knesset Passes the "Anti-Boycott Law"

US Legislation Against Palestinian Full UN Membership

23 December 2011

Israeli-Palestinian “Exploratory Talks” in Amman

3 January 2012 - 25 January 2012

Sensing an Insurmountable Deadlock, Abbas Sends a Letter to Netanyahu

Fatah and Hamas Sign an Agreement on an Implementation Timetable in Cairo

20 May 2012 - 2 July 2012

Assassination of Anis Abu al-Anin in Rafah

19 September 2012

Israeli-Palestinian Direct Talks Take Place in Jerusalem

14 August 2013 - 2 September 2013

Kerry Draws Up a Working Draft Framework for Negotiations

17 February 2014

The Israeli Knesset Adopts a Basic Law on Referendum

Abbas's Meeting With Obama in Washington Tests US Credibility

Stakes Related to Whether Israel Will Release, as Agreed, the 4th Group of Palestinian Prisoners

17 March 2014 - 29 March 2014

Despite the Negotiation Crisis, Palestinian and Israeli Representatives Pursue Talks in Jerusalem

3 April 2014 - 22 April 2014

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

26 April 2014 - 27 April 2014

Egypt's Noncoordinated Cease-Fire Initiative Fails

14 July 2014 - 16 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 16-20

23 July 2014 - 27 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 29-31: A 72-Hour Cease-Fire

5 August 2014 - 7 August 2014

A Lebanese Government Readiness to Facilitate Licensing of Palestinian Associations

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

4 March 2015 - 5 March 2015

The 2014 Gaza War: Report of the UN Headquarters Board of Inquiry into Incidents Affecting UNRWA Schools

Tony Blair Resigns as Quartet Representative; Quartet Office Redefined

27 May 2015 - 11 June 2015

Abbas Outlines Six Potential Legal Steps in Speech at the UNGA

30 September 2015

EU Guidelines on Goods from the Occupied Territories

11 November 2015

Israel Outlaws the Northern Branch of the Islamic Movement

16 November 2015 - 28 November 2015

Palestinian Teachers Go on Strike in the West Bank

7 February 2016 - 12 March 2016

France Hosts a Ministerial Meeting as First Stage of its Peace Initiative

The Quartet Issues a Report on the Impediments to Palestinian-Israeli Settlement

Fatah Seventh General Conference Is Held in Ramallah

29 November 2016 - 4 December 2016

SC Res. 2334: Condemning Israel's Settlement Activities without Enforcement Mechanism

23 December 2016

Palestinian Reconciliation Meetings Renewed in Doha, Beirut and Moscow, with No Results

5 January 2017 - 17 January 2017

Palestinian Attacks Against Soldiers and Settlers

8 January 2017 - 26 September 2017

Popular Conference for Palestinians Abroad Meets in Istanbul

25 February 2017 - 26 February 2017

Hamas New Charter

PLO President Mahmoud Abbas Meets with US President Donald Trump at the White House

The PA Forces Early Retirement on Part of Its Employees in Gaza

China's New Four-Point Proposal for Settlement of Palestinian Question

As Israel Backtracks on Its Measures Concerning the Haram al-Sharif, Palestinian Pressure Continues and Succeeds

24 July 2017 - 4 August 2017

Bezalel Smotrich's "Decisive Plan" for the Complete Land of Israel

7 September 2017

Israeli and US Reactions to the Fatah-Hamas Agreement in Cairo

17 October 2017 - 19 October 2017

President Trump Announces the Official US Recognition of Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel

6 December 2017

Palestinian Diplomatic Activity after US Recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's Capital

6 December 2017 - 20 December 2017

Draft SC Res. S/2017/1060 to Oppose Establishment of Diplomatic Missions in Jerusalem Vetoed by US

18 December 2017

Abbas Signs 22 Treaties as a Response to Trump's Move on Jerusalem

18 December 2017

The Knesset Passes an Amendment to Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel

The Arab League Jerusalem Committee Meets to Discuss Trump's Jerusalem Announcement

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

14 January 2018 - 6 February 2018

US President Trump Declares Jerusalem “Off the Table”

25 January 2018

29th Arab Summit Meets in Dhahran

UNGA Res. ES-10/20 Calls for the Protection of the Palestinian Civilian Population

Knesset Passes Law to Deduct Funds from the PA Tax Revenue

2 July 2018 - 3 July 2018

President Trump Signs the Anti-Terrorism Clarification Act of 2018 (ATCA) into Law

PM Hamdallah Rejects any US Assistance Related to ATCA

26 December 2018 - 1 February 2019

Israel Unilaterally Ends the Temporary International Presence in Hebron

28 January 2019 - 6 February 2019

Warsaw Conference on the Middle East Initiated by the US

13 February 2019 - 14 February 2019

Israel Deducts Funds from the PA’s Tax Revenue

17 February 2019 - 2 May 2019

30th Arab Summit Meets in Tunis

The PA and Israel Agree that the PA Can Collect Fuel Taxes

PA Starts Receiving Part of Tax Revenue from Israel Despite Deduction

3 October 2019 - 29 December 2019

Gaza-Israel Exchange of Fire after Assassination of Baha Abu al-Ata

12 November 2019 - 15 November 2019

Israel Uses COVID-19 Against Palestinians

21 March 2020 - 22 September 2020

Israeli Coalition Negotiations Hint at Partial Annexation of the West Bank

20 April 2020 - 17 May 2020

International and Palestinian Responses to Israel’s Annexation Plans

18 May 2020 - 23 June 2020

Bennett-Lapid Government Takes Office in Israel

A US-UNRWA Agreement Forces the Agency to Make Severe Policy Changes

14 July 2021 - 23 September 2021

Israel Designates Palestinian Rights Organizations as Terrorist Organizations

22 October 2021 - 17 November 2021

President Biden Visits Israel; Joint Declaration on Strategic Partnership

13 July 2022 - 14 July 2023

Israelis Kill More Palestinians in the West Bank in 2022 Than Any Other Year Since the Second Intifada

31 December 2022

Highlights

World Zionist Organization

Setting the Stage for a Jewish State in Palestine

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

UN Partition Plan, 29 November 1947

Paving the Way to the Impending Nakba

Palestine Liberation Organization (I)

The Reemergence of the Palestinian National Movement

Battle of al-Karama, 21 March 1968

A Triggering Moment For the Palestinian Resistance

October 1973 War

A Daring Arab Initiative Followed by Ambivalent Results

Camp David Accords, 1978-1979

Shattering the Arab Front

Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 15 November 1988

Historic Undertakings For the Sake of Statehood

Madrid and the Oslo Agreement, 1991-1993

Short-Lived Promises of a Negotiated Settlement

Demography and the Palestine Question (II)

Palestinians in Jordan, 1948-1967

The Making of the “Jordanians of Palestinian Origin”

Palestinians in Jordan Since 1967

A Never-Ending Normalization

Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon

A Vulnerable Yet Vibrant Community

Palestinian Refugees in the West Bank

Determined to Stay High on the National Agenda

From Relief Provider to Vector of Identity

The Palestinian Short Story

Exile, Sorrow, and Black Humor

Palestinian Photographers Before 1948

Documenting Life in a Time of Change

Preservation of Heritage in Palestine

A Rising Awareness of an Imperiled Treasure

The Palestinian Poster

Popularizing National Landmarks and Symbols

Palestinian Citizenship in Israel

An Unwanted Minority Asserts Its Narrative and Identity

Kafr Qasim, 29 October 1956

Israel’s Army Massacres Its Own Peaceful Citizens

The October 2000 Events in Israel

The Violent Repression of a Palestinian Solidarity Outburst

Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel, 1948-1966

Governing the Lives of a Confined Population

Present Absentees in Israel

Exiled in Their Own Homeland

The Village of al-Araqib

Rebuilding Home for the Hundredth Time and Beyond

Israel’s Appropriation of Palestinian Property

Cooking Up Laws for the Sake of Land Grab

Palestinian Embroidery

A Rich and Diverse National Heritage

Israel’s Gaza Redeployment, 2005

Exacerbating the Siege and Targeting the Land of the West Bank

The Judaization of the Galilee

A Long-Lasting Strategy Faced by a Bulwark of Palestinian Tenacity

Land Day, 30 March 1976

A Turning Point in the Defense of Palestinian Lands in Israel

Arab Labor in Mandate Palestine

The Emergence of a Working Class

The March 1955 Outburst in the Gaza Strip

Thwarting Resettlement Schemes

Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip, 1948-1967

The Political and Social Remodeling of a Cramped Palestinian Space

Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip Since 1967

Incubators of Resistance

Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948

A Most Brutal Massacre Long Kept Under Wraps

The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas

The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine

Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine

A Repressive System with a Long-Lasting Impact

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (II)

The Palestine Communist Party

The Palestinian Communist Movement

Lydda, 9-13 July 1948

A City-Wide Massacre Culminating in the Death March

Palestinian Informal Justice

Thriving in the Shadow of Colonialism

The 2014 Gaza War

An Asymetric Draw

Burj al-Barajneh Refugee Camp

Rashidiyya Refugee Camp

The King-Crane Commission of 1919

Setting a Pattern of Futile 'Peace' Initiatives

I. Ottoman Rule

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba

VIII. Palestinian Defeat, Divisions And Survival

X. Oslo Process: Towards Failure

XIII. A Growingly Intractable Deadlock

The Palestinian National Initiative Movement - Al-Mubadara

Israel's Nation-State Law, 2018

Enshrining Discrimination

The Palestine Radio, 1936-1948

The Contradictory Effects of a Government-Run Station

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (I)

Before the Nakba

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (II)

After the Nakba

The Palestinian Flag

A Symbol of Identity and Solidarity

The Second Intifada, 2000-2005

Mounting Confrontation, Shattered Aspirations

Steadfastness as Everyday Resistance

Palestinian Emigration (I)

Palestinian Labor in Israel

A Fluctuating Market Subject to Israel’s Interests

Jalil (Wavel) Refugee Camp

Talbieh Refugee Camp

Palestine and International Justice

The Long and Tortuous Quest for Accountability

Jabal al-Hussein Refugee Camp

China and the Palestine Question

From Revolutionary Solidarity to Rhetorical Support

UNRWA's Education System

A Palestinian-Shaped Undertaking

Palestinians in Peru

A Small, Dynamic Community with a 140-Year History

Spain and the Palestine Question

Upholding Support for Palestine Amidst Growing Relations with Israel

Israel’s Basic Law on Human Dignity and Liberty, 1992

Jewish Identity at the Expense of Citizen Equality

The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, 14 May 1948

An Ambiguous Constitutional-Legal Status

Beddawi Refugee Camp

Germany and the Palestine Question Since 1949

Breaking with the Nazi Past, Adapting to Changing Interests

The Palestine Question in German Public Discourse

A Conflation of Zionism, Israel and Judaism

The Separation Wall

Security, Grabbing Land, Strangling Palestinians

Palestinians in Sweden

Engaged for Palestine beyond their Diverse Legal Statuses

The European Union and the Palestine Question

From Promising Ambitions to Crippling Divisions

Sayida Zeinab (Qabr Essit) Refugee Camp

Ein el Tal (Handarat) Refugee Camp

Turkey and the Palestine Question

Torn between a Pro-Western Stance, Regional Considerations and Identity

Mar Elias Refugee Camp

Nahr el-Bared Refugee Camp

Tal al-Za‘atar Refugee Camp

The USSR and the Palestine Question, 1950–1991

Between Ideology and Realism

The Republic of Ireland and the Palestine Question

Solidarity of the Colonized

The New South Africa and the Palestine Question

From Good Offices to Total Support

The IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism

Delegitimizing Criticism of Israel

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Perpetuating Israel’s Structural Dominance

The United States and the Palestine Question Before 1944

From Heavenly Jerusalem to Earthly Jerusalem

Japan and the Palestine Question

A Policy still Subordinate to the US

Canada and the Palestine Question

Israel First, Palestinians Second

Jerash Refugee Camp (Gaza Camp)

Zarqa Refugee Camp

Muslim Pilgrimage to Jerusalem

The Religious-Political Ramifications of Israeli Occupation

XI. Second Intifada and the Post-Arafat Era

XII. Gaza Strip Separated and Assaulted

The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948

An Ominous Sign of Worse to Come

The Political Failure of the Tripartite Aggression

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)

V. Reverberations Of the Palestine War

Israel’s Apartheid Regime

Entrenching Supremacism over the Palestinians

Public Contracts during the Mandate

Colonial Deals in Favor of Zionist Goals

Sabra and Shatila, 16-18 September 1982

A Massacre by Proxy

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

The Peel Commission, 1936–1937

Sowing the Seeds of the Partition

Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails

Large-Scale Incarceration and Resistance

The First Intifada, 1987-1993

Exhilaration of Revolt, Promise of Freedom

The May 2021 Gaza War

Against New Challenges, Israel’s Old Recipes

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

Periods

XII. Gaza Strip Separated and Assaulted

Places

al-Ras al-Ahmar

'Arab al-Zubayd

Khirbat al-Mansura

Khirbat al-Sarkas

Khirbat al-Taqa

Kirad al-Baqqara

Mansurat al-Khayt

Sarafand al-'Amar

Wa'arat al-Sarris