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Biographies

As‘ad al-Shuqairi

1860 - February 1940

Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi

1864 - 6 August 1913

1875 - 9 February 1949

1878 - 29 June 1950

Khalil al-Sakakini

23 January 1878 - 13 August 1953

Izzeddin al-Qassam

1882 - 20 November 1935

1882 - 22 April 1942

Raghib al-Nashashibi

Suleiman al-Taji al-Faruqi

Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi

1882 - 29 June 1963

Abd al-Latif Salah

1884 - 8 November 1952

1885 - 19 December 1953

11 February 1886 - 19 October 1941

Mu‘in al-Madi

Muhammad Izzat Darwaza

21 June 1887 - 26 July 1984

Rashid al-Haj Ibrahim

Rafiq al-Tamimi

Awni Abd al-Hadi

1889 - 15 March 1970

1894 - 19 March 1949

Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti

1894 - 22 June 1965

27 July 1894 - 6 August 1993

Ahmad Samih al-Khalidi

1896 - 27 September 1951

Muhammad Ali al-Taher

1896 - 22 August 1974

8 May 1897 - 8 June 1984

Anbara Salam Khalidi

4 August 1897 - 1986

Matiel Mogannam

15 February 1899 - 11 August 1992

1902 - 27 August 1984

1905 - 2 May 1941

15 May 1905 - 17 November 1979

26 June 1905 - 21 May 1997

Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih

1907 - 8 January 2001

1910 - 26 February 1971

Sami Taha Hamran

1911 - 11 September 1947

Abd al-Rahim Mahmoud

1913 - 13 July 1948

1917 - 12 December 2003

16 March 1919 - 27 August 1985

Jabra Ibrahim Jabra

28 August 1919 - 12 December 1994

2 December 1920 - 29 July 2003

29 August 1922 - 2 May 1996

1923 - 12 May 2004

1 August 1925 - 26 January 2008

13 September 1927 - 8 August 1967

Hanna Abu Hanna

16 October 1928 - 2 February 2022

1929 - 2 June 2016

Ibrahim Abu-Lughod

15 February 1929 - 23 May 2001

7 May 1929 - 5 July 1994

24 August 1929 - 11 November 2004

3 November 1929 - 30 August 2012

9 May 1935 - 10 April 1973

1 November 1935 - 24 September 2003

1936 - 3 August 1978

1936 - 29 August 1987

Ghassan Kanafani

9 April 1936 - 8 July 1972

1939 - 19 August 2014

Faisal al-Husseini

17 July 1940 - 31 May 2001

1941 - 5 February 2023

Mahmoud Darwish

13 March 1941 - 9 August 2008

1942 - 6 August 2019

9 February 1963

Charts

Document

Demography and the Palestine Question (I) - Population Growth

1860 - 1948

Events

Establishment of Petah Tikva, the First Zionist Colony in Palestine

Seven Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine in the 1880s

Nine Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine in the 1890s

Establishment of the Jewish Colonization Association

2nd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

28 August 1898 - 31 August 1898

Eight Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine between 1899 and 1907

3rd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

15 August 1899 - 18 August 1899

Palestinian Peasants in Tiberias Score a Rare Success Against Zionist Land Acquisition

8 December 1900 - 11 November 1901

5th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

26 December 1901 - 30 December 1901

Establishment of the Anglo-Palestine Company

7 July 1903 - 24 November 1903

2nd Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Theodor Herzl Dies; Replaced by David Wolffsohn

Palestinian-Zionist Tension at al-Shajara - Sejera in the Tiberias Region

August 1904 - September 1904

Creation of Underground Bar Giora Group

29 September 1907

The Zionist Organization Opens an Office in Jaffa

Six Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine between 1908 and 1910

Zionist Attempt to Buy 1.5 Million Dunams in the Jordan Valley

March 1909 - July 1909

Palestinians Clash with Settlers of Sejera Colony

3 April 1909 - 12 April 1909

Foundation of the Zionist Paramilitary Group Hashomer

Palestinian Members of the Ottoman Parliament Express Opposition to Zionist Objectives

June 1909 - 2 November 1909

Formation of the Young Arab Society in Paris

Formation of the Ottoman Party for Administrative Decentralization in Cairo

The Arab Congress Meets in Paris

17 June 1913 - 24 June 1913

Opening of the Paris Peace Conference

18 January 1919

1st Palestinian National Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

27 January 1919 - 10 February 1919

Appointment of the King-Crane Commission

20 March 1919 - 21 July 1919

Treaty of Versailles; Establishment of the League of Nations

28 June 1919 - 10 January 1920

Signing of a Franco-British Convention on Mandate Boundaries

23 December 1920

Churchill and Abdullah Reach Preliminary Understanding over Transjordan

2 March 1921 - 30 March 1921

White Paper (Churchill) of 1922 Clarifies the Terms of the Balfour Declaration

House of Lords and House of Commons Conflicting Views on Palestine

20 June 1922 - 4 July 1922

14th Zionist Congress Is Held in Vienna

18 August 1925 - 31 August 1925

Land Settlement Ordinance No. 9

7th Palestinian National Congress Meets in Jerusalem

20 June 1928 - 27 June 1928

White Paper (Amery) on Status Quo at al-Buraq / Western Wall

19 November 1928 - 27 December 1928

General Conference of Palestine Arab Workers, Haifa

11 January 1930

John Hope Simpson Sent to Palestine to Investigate Questions of Immigration, Land Settlement and Development

White Paper (Passfield) of 1930 Is Published

20 October 1930

Lewis French and the Palestine Development Scheme

19 July 1931 - April 1932

An Arab National Conference Meets on the Sidelines of the Pan-Islamic Congress

13 December 1931

18th Zionist Congress Is Held in Prague

21 August 1933 - 3 September 1933

Death of Shaykh Izzeddin al-Qassam in a Battle with a British Force

12 November 1935 - 21 November 1935

British Secure Military Reinforcements and Arm a Jewish Settlement Police

May 1936 - September 1936

London Round Table Conference Convenes

7 February 1939 - 27 March 1939

MacDonald White Paper of 1939: Limited Concessions to Palestinians

17 May 1939 - 23 May 1939

Organized Irgun and Lehi Anti-British Attacks

24 November 1945 - 19 January 1946

British to Terminate Palestine Mandate

26 September 1947

First Phase of Palestine War: Offensive Defense versus Active Defense

29 November 1947 - 10 March 1948

Arab Liberation Army Organized

1 January 1948 - 10 January 1948

Palestinian Attacks

14 January 1948 - 19 February 1948

British Break Arab Attacks

6 February 1948 - 10 February 1948

Zionist Attacks

15 February 1948 - 5 March 1948

Haganah Operations

11 March 1948 - 31 March 1948

Palestinian Operations

11 March 1948 - 31 March 1948

The Battle for Haifa and Its Surroundings

4 April 1948 - 22 April 1948

Unit of Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Attacks Kfar Darom

Fighting Around Jerusalem

12 April 1948 - 23 April 1948

Arab Gains in Gush Etzion

3 May 1948 - 14 May 1948

Arab Armies Cross Palestine Borders

15 May 1948 - 10 June 1948

France Recognizes Israel on a de facto Basis

24 January 1949

Nationalization of the Suez Canal

Soviet Union Threatens Intervention

5 November 1956

2nd Arab Summit Meets in Alexandria; Welcomes Establishment of PLO

5 September 1964 - 11 September 1964

Military Order No. 291 on Land Settlement

19 December 1968

Military Order No. 321 Concerning Land Law (Acquisition for Public Purposes)

UNGA 2649 (XXV): Condemning Denial of Right to Self-Determination to Peoples of South Africa and Palestine

30 November 1970

Mahmoud al-Hamshari Is Assassinated in Paris

8 December 1972 - 9 January 1973

Basil al-Kubaisi Assassinated in Paris

Mohammad Boudia Assassinated in Paris

PLO Official Office in Paris

31 October 1975

Ezzedine Kalak Is Assassinated in Paris

Yasir Arafat Makes First Official Visit to Paris

2 May 1989 - 4 May 1989

5th Negotiation Round, Washington

27 April 1992 - 30 April 1992

Assassination of Atef Bseiso in Paris

Multilateral Talks

29 October 1992 - 12 November 1992

Start of Israel-PLO Economic Talks in Paris

Multilevel Gaza-Jericho Negotiations

12 December 1993 - 23 February 1994

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations Is Signed in Paris

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area Is Signed in Cairo

US Attempts at Easing Tension, but Confrontation Spikes

4 October 2000 - 12 October 2000

Triggered by a Suicide Bombing, Israel Carries Out Operation Determined Path

18 June 2002 - 16 July 2002

Arafat's Sudden Illness and Death

12 October 2004 - 12 November 2004

Israeli Attacks Resume: Operations Orange Iron, Violet Iron

17 November 2004 - 28 December 2004

Post Disengagement: Agreed Principles for Rafah Crossing

15 November 2005 - 23 November 2005

The Quartet Expresses "Concern" over Jabal Abu Ghunaym/ Har Homa Expansion

17 December 2007

Donors' Conference in Paris Supports Abbas's PA; PEGASE to Replace TIM

17 December 2007 - 1 February 2008

Establishment of Palestinian National Dignity Fund

12 January 2010 - 18 May 2010

Abbas Meeting with Kerry in Paris Ends in Total Failure

19 February 2014 - 21 February 2014

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 16-20

23 July 2014 - 27 July 2014

To Satisfy Israel, France Backpedals on an Important Component of its Peace Initiative

9 March 2016 - 23 May 2016

France Hosts a Ministerial Meeting as First Stage of its Peace Initiative

Paris Conference for Peace in the Middle East

15 January 2017 - 16 January 2017

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

15 August 2018 - 17 August 2018

Historical Texts

1st Palestinian National Congress: Report to Paris Peace Conference (in Arabic)

1st Palestinian National Congress: Petition to Paris Peace Conference (in Arabic)

3 February 1919

Message of the General Syrian Congress To the King-Crane Commission

Recommendations of the King-Crane Commission

The Covenant of the League of Nations: Article 22

10 January 1920

Proclamation of the Independence of Syria

Palin Commission Report

Report by the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry into the May 1921 Jaffa Riots

Churchill White Paper

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

Amery Memorandum on The Western Wall in Jerusalem

19 November 1928

Shaw Commission Report

The Hope Simpson Report

Passfield White Paper

20 October 1930

Statement of the Arab National Conference

13 December 1931

Charter of the Arab Youth Congress

The Murison Commission Report

Proposed New Constitution for Palestine

22 December 1935 - 23 December 1935

Memorandum Submitted by Arab Senior Government Officials to the High Commissioner

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead) Report

9 November 1938

British Government Statement on the Partition (Woodhead) Commission's Report

11 November 1938

London Round Table Conference on McMahon-Husain Correspondence

MacDonald White Paper

Reply of Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

Biltmore Conference Declaration

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

The Grady-Morrison Plan

Proclamation of the Constitutional Statute of Gaza, 1962

First Arab Summit: Statement

13 January 1964 - 17 January 1964

Palestine National (qawmi) Charter

Fatah: The Palestine National Liberation Movement, Press Release

Palestine National Council, 4th Session: Political Resolutions

10 July 1968 - 17 July 1968

Palestine National (watani) Charter

Palestine National Council, 5th Session: Political Statement

4 February 1969

Palestine National Council, 7th Session: Resolutions

Palestinian National Council, Emergency Session: Resolutions

UNGA Resolution 2649 (XXV)

30 November 1970

Palestine National Council, 8th Session: Interim Political Program of the Palestine Revolution

Palestine National Council, 10th Session (Extraordinary): Political program

Programme of the Palestine National Front in the Occupied Territory

Palestine National Council, 11th Session: Political Program

12 December 1973

Speech of Yasir Arafat at the UNGA

13 November 1974

UNGA Resolution 3379 (XXX)

10 November 1975

The Koenig Memorandum

Palestine National Council, 14th Session: National Unity Programme

15 January 1979 - 22 January 1979

Palestine National Council, 15th Session: Political Statement

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

Crown Prince Fahd Peace Plan

Statement of First National Festival of Palestinian Literature in the Occupied Land

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1987: Resolutions

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

Palestine National Council (19th Session) Political Communiqué

15 November 1988

Yasir Arafat’s Speech Before the Forty-Third Session of the United Nations General Assembly

13 December 1988

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1989: Resolution on the Palestine Question

23 May 1989 - 26 May 1989

Palestine National Council, 20th Session: Political Statement

28 September 1991

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

28 September 1995

The Beilin – Abu Mazen Document

31 October 1995

Legal Personality Agreement Between Israel and the Holy See

10 November 1997

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2001/270

Yasir Arafat's Speech at the Palestinian Legislative Council

Law of 2003 Amending the Basic Law

The Geneva Accord

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

Agreed Principles for Rafah Crossing In Connection with the Gaza Disengagement

15 November 2005

Report of the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (Goldstone Report)

25 September 2009

Mahmoud Abbas's Op-Ed in the New York Times: The Long Overdue Palestinian State

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Mahmoud Abbas’s Speech at the 70th Session of the UNGA

30 September 2015

Middle East Peace initiative: Joint Communiqué

Report of the Middle East Quartet

Secretary John Kerry’s Speech on Middle East Peace

28 December 2016

Middle East Peace Conference Joint Declaration

15 January 2017

UNESCWA Report on Israeli Apartheid

Marwan Barghouti’s Op-Ed in The New York Times: Why We Are on Hunger Strike in Israel’s Prisons

The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas): Document of General Principles and Policies

Bezalel Smotrich: Israel's Decisive Plan

7 September 2017

Mahmoud Abbas’s Op-Ed in The Guardian: Britain Must Atone for the Balfour Declaration – and 100 years of Suffering

1 November 2017

Twenty-Ninth Arab Summit (The Jerusalem Summit): Dhahran Declaration

The Dignity and Hope Manifesto: The Unity Intifada

Historical Media

London Conference

Arms Dumps in the Colonies

2 September 1946

Battle for the Roads

Highlights

Palestine Police During the British Mandate

Law Enforcement in Service of Zionist Goals

Ein el Tal (Handarat) Refugee Camp

Dheisheh Refugee Camp

Fawwar Refugee Camp

Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine

A Repressive System with a Long-Lasting Impact

Shatila Refugee Camp

The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948

An Ominous Sign of Worse to Come

The First Intifada, 1987-1993

Exhilaration of Revolt, Promise of Freedom

Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948

A Most Brutal Massacre Long Kept Under Wraps

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

The Palestinian Flag

A Symbol of Identity and Solidarity

Meanings of the Nakba

Transformations through Time and Place

Preservation of Heritage in Palestine

A Rising Awareness of an Imperiled Treasure

Architecture and Urban Planning in Palestine

Caught Between Domination, Devastation and Mismanagement

Palestinian Visual Arts (I)

Beginners (1795-1955)

Palestinian Visual Arts (II)

Pathfinders (1955-1965)

Palestinian Photographers before 1948

Documenting Life in a Time of Change

Palestinian Cinema

From Serving the Revolution to Creative Expression

The Palestine Radio, 1936-1948

The Contradictory Effects of a Government-Run Station

Colonial Transformation of a Spiritual City

Expressions of Cultural Life in Post-1948 Haifa

Toward an Autonomous Palestinian Field

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

Palestine-Egypt Border

A Line Imposed by the British on the Ottomans

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

The King-Crane Commission of 1919

Setting a Pattern of Futile 'Peace' Initiatives

The Peel Commission, 1936–1937

Sowing the Seeds of the Partition

The 1946 Anglo-American Committee

Humanitarianism Over Justice

The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine

Negotiating Palestine after the Nakba

The IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism

Delegitimizing Criticism of Israel

China and the Palestine Question

From Revolutionary Solidarity to Rhetorical Support

The European Union and the Palestine Question

From Promising Ambitions to Crippling Divisions

France and the Palestine Question before 1948

Competition with the British, North African Considerations, Lukewarm Support for Zionism

Germany and the Palestine Question Since 1949

Breaking with the Nazi Past, Adapting to Changing Interests

The Palestine Question in German Public Discourse

A Conflation of Zionism, Israel and Judaism

Italy and the Palestine Question

From Supportive Equidistance to Hostility

The Republic of Ireland and the Palestine Question

Solidarity of the Colonized

The New South Africa and the Palestine Question

From Good Offices to Total Support

The Political Failure of the Tripartite Aggression

World Zionist Organization

Setting the Stage for a Jewish State in Palestine

The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, 14 May 1948

An Ambiguous Constitutional-Legal Status

Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel, 1948-1966

Governing the Lives of a Confined Population

Palestinian Citizenship in Israel

An Unwanted Minority Asserts Its Narrative and Identity

Palestinians in Israel’s “Mixed Cities”

Manufacturing Ghettoes, Erasing History

The Second Intifada, 2000-2005

Mounting Confrontation, Shattered Aspirations

Israel’s Apartheid Regime

Entrenching Supremacism over the Palestinians

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP

The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine – DFLP

The Palestine Communist Party

The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas

The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (I)

Before the Nakba

The Palestine Exploration Fund

Philanthropy, Exploration and Imperial Scheming

Public Contracts during the Mandate

Colonial Deals in Favor of Zionist Goals

Demography and the Palestine Question (I)

Demography and the Palestine Question (II)

The Algerians of Palestine

Palestinian Informal Justice

Thriving in the Shadow of Colonialism

Palestinian Women in the Labor Market

A Burgeoning Workforce Curbed by Israel’s Colonialism

Olive Oil Production in the Late Ottoman Rule

Embracing New Technology within a Deeply Rooted Tradition

Nablus Soap Production

The Decline of an Ancient Heritage

Urban Palestine

Divergent Trajectories of Spatial and Social Transformations

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Perpetuating Israel’s Structural Dominance

Palestinian Labor in Israel

A Fluctuating Market Subject to Israel’s Interests

Palestinian Refugees in Syria

Fully Integrated, for Better and for Worse

Palestinian Emigration (I)

Palestinian Emigration (II)

The Palestinians in Chile

A Large Community, Fully Chilean, Fully Engaged for Palestine

Palestinians in Germany

From Melancholia to Anger

V. Reverberations Of the Palestine War

Steadfastness as Everyday Resistance

Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948

A Dynamic Movement Ripped Apart by the Nakba

X. Oslo Process: Towards Failure

XI. Second Intifada and the Post-Arafat Era

Palestinian Music in Exile

Traditions and Resistance

The Palestinian Poster

Popularizing National Landmarks and Symbols

UN Partition Plan, 29 November 1947

Paving the Way to the Impending Nakba

Palestine Liberation Organization (I)

The Reemergence of the Palestinian National Movement

Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails

Large-Scale Incarceration and Resistance

I. Ottoman Rule

Colonization and Dispossession

Zionism's Imagined Geography

Exhibition-Making Practices, 1917-1993

Curating the National Identity

Periods

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

I. Ottoman Rule

Thematic Chronologies

Thematic Chronology

Israel’s Gaza Redeployment, 2005

2003 - 2006