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Biographies

Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi

1864 - 6 August 1913

1865 - 3 March 1948

Freih Abu Middein

1880 - 16 June 1946

Abd al-Qadir Muzaffar

Izzeddin al-Qassam

1882 - 20 November 1935

1882 - 22 April 1942

Raghib al-Nashashibi

Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi

1882 - 29 June 1963

Abd al-Latif Salah

1884 - 8 November 1952

1885 - 19 December 1953

Mu‘in al-Madi

Muhammad Izzat Darwaza

21 June 1887 - 26 July 1984

Rashid al-Haj Ibrahim

Rafiq al-Tamimi

Awni Abd al-Hadi

1889 - 15 March 1970

Jamal al-Husseini

1892 - 5 July 1982

Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti

1894 - 22 June 1965

27 July 1894 - 6 August 1993

Subhi al-Khadra

1895 - 4 July 1954

Muhammad Amin al-Husseini

1895 - 4 July 1974

4 April 1895 - 26 August 1971

8 May 1897 - 8 June 1984

Matiel Mogannam

15 February 1899 - 11 August 1992

Mohammed Ali al-Ja‘bari

1900 - 29 May 1980

1902 - 27 August 1984

Ishaq Musa al-Husseini

1904 - 17 December 1990

1905 - 21 May 1985

Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih

1907 - 8 January 2001

Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini

1908 - 8 April 1948

Ahmad al-Shuqairi

1908 - 25 February 1980

Abd al-Karim al-Karmi (Abu Salma)

1909 - 11 October 1980

Constantine Zurayk

18 April 1909 - 12 August 2000

Sami Taha Hamran

1911 - 11 September 1947

Abd al-Majid Shuman

1912 - 5 July 2005

Anwar Nusseibeh

1913 - 22 November 1986

28 November 1914 - 30 September 1976

Wadi‘a Qaddura Khartabil

16 March 1919 - 27 August 1985

Jabra Ibrahim Jabra

28 August 1919 - 12 December 1994

2 December 1920 - 29 July 2003

Rajeh al-Salfiti

1921 - 27 May 1990

29 August 1922 - 2 May 1996

1923 - 12 May 2004

Yusra al-Barbari

15 April 1923 - 13 May 2009

1925 - 10 April 1973

1 August 1925 - 26 January 2008

1926 - 23 January 1984

Issam Abd al-Hadi

1928 - 8 August 2013

Samira Abu Ghazaleh

1928 - 12 January 2017

1928 - 1 September 2020

Hanna Abu Hanna

16 October 1928 - 2 February 2022

Ibrahim Abu-Lughod

15 February 1929 - 23 May 2001

7 May 1929 - 5 July 1994

24 August 1929 - 11 November 2004

Bassam Shak’a

1930 - 22 July 2019

Bashir Barghouti

1931 - 9 September 2000

Anis Abdullah Sayigh

3 November 1931 - 25 December 2009

1934 - 14 September 2021

9 May 1935 - 10 April 1973

Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad)

10 October 1935 - 16 April 1988

1 November 1935 - 24 September 2003

1936 - 3 August 1978

1936 - 29 August 1987

Bayan Nuwayhed al-Hout

1937 - 12 July 2025

Youssef Sami al-Youssef

1938 - 2 May 2013

1938 - 16 December 2020

Mustafa al-Zabri (Abu Ali Mustafa)

14 May 1938 - 27 August 2001

1939 - 19 August 2014

Faisal al-Husseini

17 July 1940 - 31 May 2001

1941 - 5 February 2023

Mahmoud Darwish

13 March 1941 - 9 August 2008

Dalal al-Mughrabi

29 December 1959 - 11 March 1978

1962 - 31 July 2024

Events

Establishment in New York of the Palestine Anti-Zionism Society (Later Renamed Palestine National League)

Treaty of Versailles; Establishment of the League of Nations

28 June 1919 - 10 January 1920

The General Syrian Congress and the King-Crane Commission

2 July 1919 - 3 July 1919

The Mandate System: Article 22 of the League of Nations Covenant

10 January 1920

Nabi Musa Festival: Palestinian Mobilization and Palestinian-Zionist Clashes

2 April 1920 - 9 April 1920

San Remo Conference: Distribution of Mandates

The [Palestine] Arab Executive Committee Orders the Return of its Delegation from London

7 July 1922 - 31 July 1922

The League of Nations Confirms Britain’s Mandate over Palestine

League of Nations Approves Exclusion of Transjordan Territory from the Jewish National Home

14 September 1922 - 16 September 1922

British Formal and Conditional Assurance to Transjordan's Abdullah

25 April 1923 - 25 May 1923

Official Onset of British Mandate for Palestine

29 September 1923

Establishment of the Zionist Revisionist Movement

Agreement between Great Britain and Transjordan Emirate

20 February 1928

Islamic Conference in Defense of al-Buraq and Muslim Holy Places in Jerusalem

1 November 1928

al-Buraq / Western Wall: Palestinians Rise up in Protest Against Zionist Provocations

15 August 1929 - 29 August 1929

League of Nations Council Approves the Appointment of an International Commission on al-Buraq / Western Wall

14 January 1930 - 15 May 1930

A Conference in Nablus Debates Resorting to Arms

Arab Youth Congress Meets in Jaffa

Establishment of the National Bloc Party

Joint Memorandum of Palestinian Parties

25 November 1935

The Arab Higher Committee is Formed

Formation of the Arab National League (ANL) in New York

August 1937 - May 1941

Alexandria Protocol and the League of Arab States

Establishment of the Institute of Arab American Affairs (IAAA) in New York

25 November 1944 - 31 January 1950

Pact of the League of Arab States; Annex on Palestine

Arab Office (AO) Is Opened in Washington

September 1945 - December 1947

Attempt to Reconstitute the Arab Higher Committee for Palestine

22 November 1945 - 29 May 1946

League of Nations Passes on Supervision over Mandates to the UN; Acknowledges Transjordan's Independence

Arab League Holds its First Summit on Palestine in Anshas

28 May 1946 - 29 May 1946

Formation of the (Palestinian) Arab Higher Front in Opposition to the Palestine Arab Party

Arab League Meets in Bludan and Reacts to the Recommendations of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

8 June 1946 - 12 June 1946

Arab League Supervises the Establishment of a Unified Palestinian Arab Higher Committee

UN General Assembly Special Session on Palestine

28 April 1947 - 9 May 1947

UNGA Res. 106 (S-1): Creation of a Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP)

Arab League Meeting on Palestine, in Sofar, Lebanon

16 September 1947 - 19 September 1947

Arab League Meeting on Palestine in Aley, Lebanon

7 October 1947 - 15 October 1947

First Phase of Palestine War: Offensive Defense versus Active Defense

29 November 1947 - 10 March 1948

Arab League Rejects Partition Plan

8 December 1947 - 16 December 1947

Arab Liberation Army Organized

1 January 1948 - 10 January 1948

Early Responses to Truce and Trusteeship Ideas

19 March 1948 - 20 March 1948

Arab States (Reluctantly) Prepare for Intervention in Palestine

30 April 1948 - 12 May 1948

Arab States Explain Reasons for Intervening in Palestine

Responses to Bernadotte's Plan

2 July 1948 - 5 July 1948

The Arab League and the Establishment of a Provisional Palestinian Civil Administration

Bernadotte's New Plan

16 September 1948

Led by George Habash, Arab Nationalist Activists on the Way to Structure Their Movement

1 January 1951 - 30 November 1952

Arab League and Jordan River Waters

15 February 1954

Arab Information Center (AIC) Is Opened in New York

The Arab League and Palestinian Entity

Lebanon Establishes a Higher Commission for Palestine Affairs

The Arab League and Implementation of Palestinian Entity

29 May 1961 - 26 June 1961

Death of Ahmad Hilmi Abd al-Baqi; Ahmad al-Shuqairi as Palestine Delegate to the Arab League

29 June 1963 - 19 September 1963

Palestinian Delegation at the UN

18 October 1963 - 5 November 1963

1st Arab Summit Meets in Cairo, Deals with Israeli Diversion of the Jordan River

13 January 1964 - 17 January 1964

The PLO Opens its First Information Office in New York

22 January 1965 - 29 October 1974

The Council of the Arab League Adopts the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in the Arab States

11 September 1965

Reservations of Lebanon, Kuwait and Libya to the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States

PLO Becomes a Full Member of the Arab League

9 September 1976

9th Arab Summit Meets in Baghdad and Condemns the Camp David Accords

5 November 1978

Arab Sanctions Against Egypt

27 March 1979 - 31 March 1979

10th Arab Summit Meets in Tunis

20 November 1979 - 22 November 1979

Extraordinary Arab Summit Meets in Amman

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

A Palestine Affairs Center, Under the Auspices of the Arab League, Is Opened in Washington

1 April 1988 - 28 April 1994

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Casablanca

23 May 1989 - 26 May 1989

US State Department Allows the PLO to Open Foreign Mission in Washington

US Attempts at Easing Tension, but Confrontation Spikes

4 October 2000 - 12 October 2000

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Cairo

21 October 2000 - 22 October 2000

Disengagement: Evacuation of Settlers

8 August 2005 - 22 August 2005

Palestinian-Israeli Clashes in Acre

8 October 2008 - 13 October 2008

War on Gaza: Calls for Active Diplomacy

4 January 2009 - 5 January 2009

The Obama Administration Prepares its Peace Initiative with the Arab Side

21 April 2009 - 28 May 2009

Clinton's Disturbing Misstep on Settlements

31 October 2009 - 3 November 2009

The Arab League and the PLO Endorse Israeli-Palestinian Proximity Talks

3 March 2010 - 7 March 2010

With the Arab League Blessing, Israeli-Palestinian Proximity Talks Are Launched

22 April 2010 - 20 May 2010

President Obama Meets Netanyahu and Pushes the Palestinians for Direct Talks with Israel

6 July 2010 - 23 August 2010

Amid US Pressure for Direct Talks, Provocative Settlement Measures Continue

29 July 2010 - 15 August 2010

Israel's Temporary and Partial Settlement Freeze Is not Extended

20 September 2010 - 26 September 2010

Abbas, Backed by the Arab League, Halts Palestinian-Israeli Direct Talks

30 September 2010 - 15 December 2010

Impact of the Democracy Drive in the Arab World on Palestinian Popular Politics

2 February 2011 - 15 March 2011

Despite US, European, and Arab Pressure, Abbas Submits a Request for Full UN Membership

12 September 2011 - 23 September 2011

23rd Arab Summit Meets in Baghdad

Israel's 2012 Assault on Gaza, Day 2

15 November 2012

Israel's 2012 Assault on Gaza, Day 7

20 November 2012

Arab League Delegation in Washington Discusses the Arab Peace Initiative

Kerry's Shuttle Diplomacy for the Resumption of Talks Intensifies and Apparently Succeeds

23 May 2013 - 19 July 2013

Egypt's Noncoordinated Cease-Fire Initiative Fails

14 July 2014 - 16 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 16-20

23 July 2014 - 27 July 2014

A Lebanese Government Readiness to Facilitate Licensing of Palestinian Associations

Palestinian Leadership Debates End of Security Coordination with Israel

10 December 2014 - 14 December 2014

Israeli Police Acts Against Palestinians in the Negev

14 January 2015 - 27 January 2015

France and Arab League Consider Resuscitating Securty Council Initiative

15 January 2015 - 29 June 2015

Palestinians in the West Bank Boycott Israeli Dairy and Processed Food Products

9 February 2015 - 2 March 2015

With the Haram al-Sharif Tensions, Protests Spread to the Occupied Territories

13 September 2015 - 30 September 2015

A Day of Escalation in the West Bank

Palestinian Diplomatic Activity after US Recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's Capital

6 December 2017 - 20 December 2017

The Arab League Jerusalem Committee Meets to Discuss Trump's Jerusalem Announcement

Israel Deducts Funds from the PA’s Tax Revenue

17 February 2019 - 2 May 2019

Israel Prevents Palestine Cup Final

3 July 2019 - 25 September 2019

US Peace Plan – Palestinian and International Reactions

28 January 2020 - 11 February 2020

Cracks in Arab Unity on Palestine

9 September 2020 - 22 September 2020

The General Strike of the Unity Intifada

Historical Texts

Message of the General Syrian Congress To the King-Crane Commission

Recommendations of the King-Crane Commission

The Covenant of the League of Nations: Article 22

10 January 1920

Proclamation of the Independence of Syria

San Remo Conference Resolutions: Syria, Mesopotamia [Iraq], Palestine Mandates

Palin Commission Report

Franco-British Convention on Mandate Boundaries

23 December 1920

Churchill White Paper

League of Nations - Mandate for Palestine

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

Council of the League of Nations: Exclusion of Transjordan Territory from the Jewish National Home

16 September 1922

Agreement between Great Britain and Transjordan Emirate

20 February 1928

Amery Memorandum on The Western Wall in Jerusalem

19 November 1928

Shaw Commission Report

Passfield White Paper

20 October 1930

Report of the British - International Commission on al-Buraq / Western Wall

1 December 1930

MacDonald's Letter to Weizmann

13 February 1931

Palestine (Western or Wailing Wall) Order in Council, 1931

Statement of the Arab National Conference

13 December 1931

Charter of the Arab Youth Congress

The Murison Commission Report

The Palestine (Defence) Order in Council, 1937

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead Commission) Report

9 November 1938

British Government Statement on the Partition (Woodhead) Commission's Report

11 November 1938

London Round Table Conference on McMahon-Husain Correspondence

MacDonald White Paper

Reply of Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

The Alexandria Protocol on Forming the League of Arab States

Pact of the League of Arab States

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

Assembly of the League of Nations Resolution on Mandates

Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

Council of the Arab League: Establishment of a Unified Palestinian Arab Higher Committee

Statement by the Council of the Arab League on the Anglo-American Committee's Report on Palestine

The Grady-Morrison Plan

British Referral of the Palestine Question to the UN

Arab Ten-Point Position on UN Agenda on Palestine

UNSCOP Recommendations Approved Unanimously or by Substantial Majority

3 September 1947

Statement by the Committee of the Christian Union of Palestine

Text of Plan Dalet (Plan D): General Section

The Palestine Act, 1948

Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel

Statement by the Governments of the Arab League States on their Military Intervention in Palestine

UNSC Resolution 50

UNSC Resolution 54

Palestinian National Council: Proclamation of the Independence of Palestine

Al-Dawayima Massacre, 29 October 1948 An Israeli Soldier Eye-Witness Account

8 November 1948

UNGA Resolution 212 (III)

19 November 1948

Public Notice on Jordan’s Name

UNGA Resolution 302 (IV)

8 December 1949

Declaration of Jordan’s National Assembly, On the Unity between the Eastern and Western Banks of Jordan

UNGA Resolution 393 (V)

2 December 1950

First Arab Summit: Statement

13 January 1964 - 17 January 1964

Palestine National (qawmi) Charter

Basic Law of the PLO

Protocol for the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States

11 September 1965

UNGA Resolution 2252 (ES-V)

Fourth Arab Summit: Resolutions

1 September 1967

Palestine National Council, 4th Session: Political Resolutions

10 July 1968 - 17 July 1968

Amended Basic Law of the Palestine Liberation Organization

Programme of the Palestine National Front in the Occupied Territory

Sixth Arab Summit: Confidential Decisions

28 November 1973

Sixth Arab Summit: Policy Statement

28 November 1973

Speech of Yasir Arafat at the UNGA

13 November 1974

Admission of Palestine as Full Member in Arab League (in Arabic)

9 September 1976

Eighth Arab Summit: Statement

25 October 1976 - 26 October 1976

Ninth Arab Summit: Final Statement

2 November 1978 - 5 November 1978

Eleventh Arab Summit: Final Communiqué

25 November 1980 - 27 November 1980

Palestine National Council, 15th Session: Political Statement

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1985: Final Communiqué

7 August 1985 - 9 August 1985

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1987: Resolutions

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)

Palestinian Declaration of Independence

15 November 1988

UNGA Resolution 43/160

9 December 1988

Yasir Arafat’s Speech Before the Forty-Third Session of the United Nations General Assembly

13 December 1988

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1989: Resolution on the Palestine Question

23 May 1989 - 26 May 1989

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 2nd Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

Palestine National Council, 20th Session: Political Statement

28 September 1991

UNSC Resolution 1073

28 September 1996

Draft of UNSC Resolution 1997/199

UNGA Resolution 52/250

Statement by the President of the Security Council S/PRST/1998/21

Fourteenth Arab Summit: The Arab Peace Initiative

The Quartet (UN, EU, Russia, US) Communiqué on the Situation in the Occupied Territories

UNSC Resolution 1435

24 September 2002

A Performance-Based Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

The Geneva Accord

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

Prime Minister Elect Ismail Haniyeh Presents New Government’s Program To the Palestinian Legislative Council

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2006/508

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2006/878

10 November 2006

UNGA Resolution ES-10/16

30 November 2006

President George W. Bush’s Policy Speech

President George W. Bush’s Speech Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process

10 January 2008

UNSC Resolution 1860

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University

UNGA Resolution 67/19

29 November 2012

HRC Resolution S-21/1

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Mahmoud Abbas’s Speech at the 70th Session of the UNGA

30 September 2015

Report of the Middle East Quartet

Secretary John Kerry’s Speech on Middle East Peace

28 December 2016

Middle East Peace Conference Joint Declaration

15 January 2017

The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas): Document of General Principles and Policies

UNGA Resolution 73/5

16 October 2018

Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry: On the Protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

28 February 2019

30th Arab Summit: Tunis Declaration

Abraham Accords: Treaty of Peace Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel

15 September 2020

ICC Decision on its Jurisdiction in Palestine

5 February 2021

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry to HRC

Historical Media

Arab Higher Committee Members

Arab League Warnings

Opening of Seventh Session of the Council of the Arab League

Escape of the Youth, Sixth Wave of Killing

Highlights

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

Palestine Liberation Organization (I)

The Reemergence of the Palestinian National Movement

Camp David Accords, 1978-1979

Shattering the Arab Front

Lebanon War, 1982

A Setback for the PLO and for Israel's 'Grand Design'

Palestinian Youth in Conflict

A Childhood Denied

Palestinians in Jordan Since 1967

A Never-Ending Normalization

Palestine Liberation Organization (II)

From the Limelight to the Backstage

Palestinian Visual Arts (III)

Explorers (1965-1995)

Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948

A Dynamic Movement Ripped Apart by the Nakba

Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip Since 1967

Incubators of Resistance

The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps

Perpetuating the Temporary

The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (II)

The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine – DFLP

The Palestine Communist Party

The Palestinian Communist Movement

The Palestinians and the Israeli Communist Party

The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine

Negotiating Palestine after the Nakba

Expressions of Cultural Life in Post-1948 Haifa

Toward an Autonomous Palestinian Field

Burj al-Barajneh Refugee Camp

Balata Refugee Camp

Fawwar Refugee Camp

Dheisheh Refugee Camp

The King-Crane Commission of 1919

Setting a Pattern of Futile 'Peace' Initiatives

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba

VI. Rise of The Palestinian National Movement

VIII. Palestinian Defeat, Divisions And Survival

The Palestine Radio, 1936-1948

The Contradictory Effects of a Government-Run Station

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (I)

Before the Nakba

Wihdat Refugee Camp

Palestinian Emigration (II)

The 1946 Anglo-American Committee

Humanitarianism Over Justice

Sbeineh Refugee Camp

Khan Dunoun Refugee Camp

Palestinians in Peru

A Small, Dynamic Community with a 140-Year History

Al-Jalazone Refugee Camp

Shatila Refugee Camp

Khan Eshieh Refugee Camp

Germany and the Palestine Question Since 1949

Breaking with the Nazi Past, Adapting to Changing Interests

Italy and the Palestine Question

From Supportive Equidistance to Hostility

Palestinians in Chile

A Large Community, Fully Chilean, Fully Engaged for Palestine

Sayida Zeinab (Qabr Essit) Refugee Camp

Husn (Martyr Azmi el-Mufti) Refugee Camp

Ein el Tal (Handarat) Refugee Camp

Husseiniyeh Refugee (Gathering) Camp

Palestine-Egypt Border

A Line Imposed by the British on the Ottomans

Mar Elias Refugee Camp

Mexico and the Palestine Question

Equidistance… in Israel’s Favor

Nahr el-Bared Refugee Camp

Tal al-Za‘atar Refugee Camp

The Republic of Ireland and the Palestine Question

Solidarity of the Colonized

The New South Africa and the Palestine Question

From Good Offices to Total Support

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Perpetuating Israel’s Structural Dominance

Exhibition-Making Practices, 1917-1993

Curating the National Identity

The United Kingdom and the Palestine Question Before 1917

Ideological and Colonialist Path to Conquest

The United States and the Palestine Question Before 1944

From Heavenly Jerusalem to Earthly Jerusalem

Japan and the Palestine Question

A Policy still Subordinate to the US

Canada and the Palestine Question

Israel First, Palestinians Second

Jerash Refugee Camp (Gaza Camp)

Zarqa Refugee Camp

Palestinian Music

Blending Levantine Sounds and the Power of Poetry

The Great March of Return

Peaceful Demonstrations, Bloody Crackdown

The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948

An Ominous Sign of Worse to Come

V. Reverberations Of the Palestine War

Public Contracts during the Mandate

Colonial Deals in Favor of Zionist Goals

Great Palestinian Rebellion, 1936-1939

A Popular Uprising Facing a Ruthless Repression

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

Aida Refugee Camp

Baqa‘a Refugee Camp

Meanings of the Nakba

Transformations through Time and Place

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

Periods

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

Places

Thematic Chronologies

Thematic Chronology

Arab Summits and Palestine

1946 - present