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Biographies

1859 - 21 July 1921

1865 - 3 March 1948

Freih Abu Middein

1875 - 9 February 1949

1878 - 29 June 1950

Abdallah Mukhlis

27 December 1878 - 16 December 1947

1880 - 16 June 1946

Abd al-Qadir Muzaffar

Raghib al-Nashashibi

Suleiman al-Taji al-Faruqi

Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi

1882 - 29 June 1963

24 September 1882 - 15 January 1964

Abd al-Latif Salah

1884 - 8 November 1952

1885 - 19 December 1953

Mu‘in al-Madi

Awni Abd al-Hadi

1889 - 15 March 1970

Iskandar al-Khoury al-Beitjali

1889 - 7 July 1973

George Antonius

1893 - 27 April 1940

1894 - 19 March 1949

Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti

1894 - 22 June 1965

Subhi al-Khadra

1895 - 4 July 1954

Muhammad Amin al-Husseini

1895 - 4 July 1974

4 April 1895 - 26 August 1971

Ahmad Samih al-Khalidi

1896 - 27 September 1951

Muhammad Ali al-Taher

1896 - 22 August 1974

Wasif Jawhariyyeh

Mustafa al-Dabbagh

1897 - 1 October 1989

8 May 1897 - 8 June 1984

Mohammed Ali al-Ja‘bari

1900 - 29 May 1980

1902 - 27 August 1984

Zulaykha al-Shihabi

1903 - 13 May 1992

1905 - 21 May 1985

26 June 1905 - 21 May 1997

Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih

1907 - 8 January 2001

1907 - 27 July 2006

Ahmad al-Shuqairi

1908 - 25 February 1980

Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani

Abd al-Karim al-Karmi (Abu Salma)

1909 - 11 October 1980

1910 - 26 February 1971

Abd al-Majid Shuman

1912 - 5 July 2005

Qudsia Khourshid

5 August 1912 - 2 December 2009

Anwar Nusseibeh

28 November 1914 - 30 September 1976

Wadi‘a Qaddura Khartabil

Hind al-Husseini

25 April 1916 - 13 September 1994

1917 - 12 December 2003

Haydar Abd al-Shafi

10 June 1919 - 25 September 2007

2 December 1920 - 29 July 2003

29 August 1922 - 2 May 1996

1923 - 12 May 2004

Fatima al-Budeiri

1923 - June 2009

20 April 1923 - 26 February 1999

1925 - 10 April 1973

Salma Khadra Jayyusi

16 April 1925 - 20 April 2023

1 August 1925 - 26 January 2008

1927 - 13 January 2005

Issam Abd al-Hadi

1928 - 8 August 2013

Samira Abu Ghazaleh

1928 - 12 January 2017

1928 - 1 September 2020

1929 - 2 June 2016

Ibrahim Abu-Lughod

15 February 1929 - 23 May 2001

24 August 1929 - 11 November 2004

Bassam Shak’a

1930 - 22 July 2019

Ismail Shammout

2 March 1930 - 3 July 2006

Bashir Barghouti

1931 - 9 September 2000

9 May 1935 - 10 April 1973

Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad)

10 October 1935 - 16 April 1988

1936 - 29 August 1987

Ahmad Ismail Yasin

June 1936 - 22 March 2004

Bayan Nuwayhed al-Hout

1937 - 12 July 2025

Youssef Sami al-Youssef

1938 - 2 May 2013

Mustafa al-Zabri (Abu Ali Mustafa)

14 May 1938 - 27 August 2001

1939 - 19 August 2014

Faisal al-Husseini

17 July 1940 - 31 May 2001

1941 - 5 February 2023

1942 - 6 August 2019

9 February 1963

Historical Texts

Letter from Theodore Herzl to Yusuf Diya-uddin al-Khalidi

Message of the General Syrian Congress To the King-Crane Commission

Palin Commission Report

Churchill White Paper

League of Nations - Mandate for Palestine

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

Council of the League of Nations: Exclusion of Transjordan Territory from the Jewish National Home

16 September 1922

Agreement between Great Britain and Transjordan Emirate

20 February 1928

The Hope Simpson Report

Passfield White Paper

20 October 1930

The Murison Commission Report

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead) Report

9 November 1938

British Government Statement on the Partition (Woodhead) Commission's Report

11 November 1938

MacDonald White Paper

Reply of Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

The Grady-Morrison Plan

UNGA Partition Plan

29 November 1947

UNSC Resolution 50

Suggestions Presented by the UN Mediator on Palestine (Bernadotte) to the Two Parties

Jordan-Israel Agreement: For the Demilitarization of Mount Scopus Area

Progress Report of the UN Mediator on Palestine (Bernadotte)

16 September 1948

Palestinian National Council: Proclamation of the Independence of Palestine

Resolutions of the Jericho Conference on Palestinian-Jordanian Unity (in Arabic)

1 December 1948

Jordan-Israel General Armistice Agreement

Syria–Israel General Armistice Agreement

United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine: Fourth Progress Report

22 September 1949

Absentees' Property Law, 5710-1950

Declaration of Jordan’s National Assembly, On the Unity between the Eastern and Western Banks of Jordan

Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Egypt And the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

12 September 1950

Agreement between the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan And the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

UNSC Resolution 101

24 November 1953

Prevention of Infiltration (Offences and Jurisdiction) Law 1954 (5714)

Special Report of the Director of the UNRWA

15 December 1956

Draft of UNSC Resolution 5407

First Arab Summit: Statement

13 January 1964 - 17 January 1964

Palestine National (qawmi) Charter

Draft of UNSC Resolution 7575/Rev.1

3 November 1966

UNSC Resolution 228

25 November 1966

Fatah: The Palestine National Liberation Movement, Press Release

UNSC Resolution 252

Palestine National Council, 4th Session: Political Resolutions

10 July 1968 - 17 July 1968

Palestine National Council, 5th Session: Political Statement

4 February 1969

Palestine National Council, 6th Session: Political Statement

6 September 1969

9 December 1969

Palestine National Council, 7th Session: Final Statement

30 May 1970 - 4 June 1970

Palestine National Council, 7th Session: Resolutions

Palestinian National Council, Emergency Session: Resolutions

Palestine National Council, 8th Session: Interim Political Program of the Palestine Revolution

Palestine National Council, 9th Session: Final Statement

UNSC Resolution 298

25 September 1971

Speech by Jordan’S King Hussein, Proposing a United Arab Kingdom in the Event of a Peaceful Settlement

Palestine National Council, 10th Session (Extraordinary): Political program

Programme of the Palestine National Front in the Occupied Territory

Sixth Arab Summit: Confidential Decisions

28 November 1973

Sixth Arab Summit: Policy Statement

28 November 1973

Palestine National Council, 11th Session: Political Program

12 December 1973

PLO Interim Program (Ten-Point Program)

Seventh Arab Summit: The Palestine Resolution

29 October 1974

Speech of Yasir Arafat at the UNGA

13 November 1974

UNGA Resolution 3376 (XXX)

10 November 1975

UNGA Resolution 3375 (XXX)

10 November 1975

The Koenig Memorandum

Israel-U.S. Working Paper on the Resumption of the Geneva Peace Conference

Begin's Autonomy Plan

28 December 1977

Framework for Peace in the Middle East (Camp David Accords)

17 September 1978

Ninth Arab Summit: Final Statement

2 November 1978 - 5 November 1978

Palestine National Council, 14th Session: National Unity Programme

15 January 1979 - 22 January 1979

UNSC Resolution 446

Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt

Joint Letter from President Sadat and Prime Minister Begin to President Carter Concerning Negotiations on Self-Governing Authority in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

Tenth Arab Summit: Final Statement

20 November 1979 - 22 November 1979

Israeli Model for the Self-Governing Authority

16 January 1980

Egyptian Model for Palestinian Full Autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

28 January 1980

UNSC Resolution 465

Palestine National Council, 15th Session: Political Statement

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14832/Rev.1

19 January 1982

Israel's Proposals for the Self-Governing Authority in the West Bank and Gaza

31 January 1982

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14943

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14985

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15185

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15255/Rev.2

Plan for the Departure from Lebanon of the PLO Leadership, Offices, and Combatants in Beirut

President Reagan's Talking Points Sent to Prime Minister Begin

1 September 1982

Israeli Cabinet Communiqué on President Reagan's Peace Proposal

2 September 1982

Kahan Commission of Inquiry Report into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut

7 February 1983

Palestine National Council, 16th Session: Final Statement

14 February 1983 - 22 February 1983

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15895

Secretary-General Report A/39/130 - S/16409

Palestine National Council, 17th Session: Final Statement

22 November 1984 - 29 November 1984

Palestinian-Jordanian Joint Action Agreement

11 February 1985

Statement of the PLO Executive Committee on the Palestinian-Jordanian Joint Action Agreement (in Arabic)

18 February 1985

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1985: Final Communiqué

7 August 1985 - 9 August 1985

Cairo Declaration on the PLO and Terrorism as read by PLO Chairman Yasir Arafat

7 November 1985

The London Agreement

Palestine National Council, 18th Session: Final Statement

20 April 1987 - 25 April 1987

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1987: Resolutions

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

UNGA Resolution 42/210

17 December 1987

Secretary of State George Shultz: A Statement for Palestinians

26 February 1988

UNGA Resolution 42/229

The Shultz Negotiations Plan

UNGA Resolution 42/230

King Hussein’s Address to the Nation on Severing Ties with the West Bank

Palestine National Council (19th Session) Political Communiqué

15 November 1988

UNGA Resolution 43/160

9 December 1988

Yasir Arafat’s Speech Before the Forty-Third Session of the United Nations General Assembly

13 December 1988

UNGA Resolution 43/177

15 December 1988

Israel's "Peace Initiative"

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1989: Resolution on the Palestine Question

23 May 1989 - 26 May 1989

Draft of UNGA Resolution A/44/L.50

29 November 1989

Exchange of Letters Between President Bush and Prime Minister Shamir on Proposed Peace Conference

Palestine National Council, 20th Session: Political Statement

28 September 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to the Palestinians

18 October 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to Israel

18 October 1991

U.S.-Soviet Letter of Invitation to Peace Talks in Madrid

18 October 1991

Speech of Haydar Abd al-Shafi at the Madrid Conference

31 October 1991

Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (Oslo I Accord)

13 September 1993

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

28 September 1995

Yitzhak Rabin’s Address to Knesset after Israeli-Palestinian Agreement

The Beilin – Abu Mazen Document

31 October 1995

Wye River Memorandum

23 October 1998

UNGA Resolution ES-10/6

9 February 1999

Declaration of the Heads of State or Government of the European Union On the Middle East Peace Process: The Berlin Declaration

Sharm el Sheikh Memorandum

4 September 1999

Protocol Concerning Safe Passage Between The West Bank And The Gaza Strip

PLO Negotiating Team Reservations Concerning President Bill Clinton’s 23 December Proposal for an Israeli-Palestinian Peace Agreement

Palestinian and Israeli Positions on Refugees

22 January 2001 - 23 January 2001

The “Moratinos Non-Paper” on the Outcome of the Taba Talks (21-27 January 2001)

27 January 2001

Jordanian-Egyptian Proposal For an Israeli-Palestinian Cease-Fire and Resumption of Negotiations

The Mitchell Report

President George W. Bush’s Speech US Policy in the Middle East

A Performance-Based Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

The Geneva Accord

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

President Bush's letter to Prime Minister Sharon

Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s Disengagement Plan: Key Principles

UNGA Resolution 58/292

Prime Minister Elect Ismail Haniyeh Presents New Government’s Program To the Palestinian Legislative Council

National Conciliation Document

UNSC Resolution 1701

President George W. Bush’s Policy Speech

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University

Report of the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (Goldstone Report)

25 September 2009

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2011/24

18 February 2011

President Barack Obama's Address to the State Department Reframing U.S. Middle East Policy

Jordanian-Palestinian Agreement on Holy Sites in Jerusalem

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2014/916

30 December 2014

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Council of the European Union: Conclusions on the Middle East Peace Process

18 January 2016

Secretary John Kerry’s Speech on Middle East Peace

28 December 2016

Law for the Regularization of Settlement in Judea and Samaria, 5777-2017

6 February 2017

The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas): Document of General Principles and Policies

Bezalel Smotrich: Israel's Decisive Plan

7 September 2017

Twenty-Ninth Arab Summit (The Jerusalem Summit): Dhahran Declaration

Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry: On the Protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

28 February 2019

30th Arab Summit: Tunis Declaration

Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty of Peace, Diplomatic Relations and Full Normalization Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel

15 September 2020

Joint Statement of the Foreign Ministers of France, Germany, Egypt and Jordan (The Munich Group)

11 January 2021

B’Tselem: A Regime of Jewish Supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid

12 January 2021

Events

Zionist Attempt to Buy 1.5 Million Dunams in the Jordan Valley

March 1909 - July 1909

Hussein-McMahon Correspondence: Territorial Issues and Prelude to the Arab Revolt Against the Ottomans

14 July 1915 - 30 March 1916

Jemal Pasha Orders the Public Hanging of Arab Nationalists from the Levant

21 August 1915 - 6 May 1916

Start of the Arab Revolt Against the Ottomans

Limited British Advances; Stabilization of the Military Front

21 December 1917 - 21 April 1918

British Failed Attempts to Conquer Transjordan

21 March 1918 - 4 May 1918

British Conquest of Transjordan Is Achieved

22 September 1918 - 27 September 1918

Conquest of Damascus; Faisal Enters Liberated City

26 September 1918 - 3 October 1918

General Allenby Issues Guidelines for the Military Occupation of the Levant

23 October 1918

The General Syrian National Congress Proclaims the Independence of the Arab Syrian Kingdom

7 March 1920 - 8 March 1920

San Remo Conference: Distribution of Mandates

French Occupy Damascus; Arab Syrian Kingdom Nominally Reduced to Transjordan

14 July 1920 - 31 August 1920

The Issue of the Administration of Transjordan

25 July 1920 - 31 December 1920

Signing of a Franco-British Convention on Mandate Boundaries

23 December 1920

Churchill and Abdullah Reach Preliminary Understanding over Transjordan

2 March 1921 - 30 March 1921

Hybrid Status for Transjordan; Prince Abdullah Becomes Its Emir

White Paper (Churchill) of 1922 Clarifies the Terms of the Balfour Declaration

The League of Nations Confirms Britain’s Mandate over Palestine

The British Issue a Constitution for Palestine in the Form of an Order in Council; Non-Applicability to Transjordan

League of Nations Approves Exclusion of Transjordan Territory from the Jewish National Home

14 September 1922 - 16 September 1922

British-French Demarcation of Line Between Palestine (Including Transjordan) and Syria (Including Lebanon)

British Formal and Conditional Assurance to Transjordan's Abdullah

25 April 1923 - 25 May 1923

Treaty of Lausanne Is Signed with Ataturk's Turkey

Establishment of the Zionist Revisionist Movement

Powerful Earthquake in Palestine and Transjordan

Agreement between Great Britain and Transjordan Emirate

20 February 1928

Islamic Conference in Defense of al-Buraq and Muslim Holy Places in Jerusalem

1 November 1928

18th Zionist Congress Is Held in Prague

21 August 1933 - 3 September 1933

Outbreak of the Great Palestinian Rebellion

15 April 1936 - 30 April 1936

General Strike Called Off; Consent to Appear before the Peel Commission

11 October 1936

Peel Commission Report Proposes Partition of Palestine

The Palestine Archeological Museum Opens Its Doors in Jerusalem

13 January 1938

London Round Table Conference Convenes

7 February 1939 - 27 March 1939

Military Recruitment in Palestine

3 September 1939

Alexandria Protocol and the League of Arab States

Labor Victory in Great Britain

Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Transjordan

League of Nations Passes on Supervision over Mandates to the UN; Acknowledges Transjordan's Independence

Independence of the Emirate of Transjordan; a New Constitution for the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

25 May 1946 - 7 December 1946

Transjordan's Application for UN Membership Fails to Obtain Security Council Approval

26 June 1946 - 29 August 1946

Palestinian Attacks

14 January 1948 - 19 February 1948

Transjordan and Great Britain Agree on Jordanian Military Intervention in Palestine

7 February 1948

Fate of Diplomatic Representations in Jerusalem

11 February 1948 - 1 May 1948

A New Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Transjordan

Fighting Around Jerusalem

12 April 1948 - 23 April 1948

Zionist Conquest of Eastern Galilee

28 April 1948 - 25 May 1948

Arab States (Reluctantly) Prepare for Intervention in Palestine

30 April 1948 - 12 May 1948

Arab Gains in Gush Etzion

3 May 1948 - 14 May 1948

Operations Makkabi and Ben-Nun in al-Latrun Area

8 May 1948 - 31 May 1948

Great Britain Issues the Palestine (Revocations) Order in Council, 1948

Operations Shfifon and Kilshon in Jerusalem

14 May 1948 - 28 May 1948

Arab Armies Cross Palestine Borders

15 May 1948 - 10 June 1948

Third Phase of the Palestine War: Arab-Israeli War

15 May 1948 - 6 January 1949

West Bank to Be Placed Under Jordanian Military Government

16 May 1948 - 24 May 1948

Ahmad Hilmi Abd al-Baqi Is Appointed Military Governor of Jerusalem

Count Bernadotte's Palestine Plan

Transjordan and Israel Sign Agreement on Demilitarization of Mount Scopus Area

End of First Truce: Israeli Operations An-Far, Dani and Qedem

8 July 1948 - 17 July 1948

Bernadotte's New Plan

16 September 1948

Pro-Jordanian Amman Conference

Arab Responses to Formation of the All-Palestine Government

5 October 1948 - 14 October 1948

Israel Conducts its First Population Census

8 November 1948 - 1 February 1949

Pro-Jordanian Jericho Conference

1 December 1948 - 28 December 1948

First Arab-Israeli Armistice Talks Commence Under UN Supervision in Rhodes

12 January 1949

Great Britain Recognizes Israel on a de facto Basis

30 January 1949

The US Recognizes Transjordan on a de jure Basis

31 January 1949

Jordan's Early Measure to "Jordanize" Arab Palestinians

14 February 1949

Jordan Undertakes Legislative Steps Aiming at Integrating the West Bank

16 March 1949 - 1 December 1949

Jordan-Israel Armistice Agreement

UNCCP Convenes the Lausanne Conference

27 April 1949 - 12 September 1949

Official Name of Jordan as an Issue

UNGA 303 (IV): To Place Jerusalem Under a Permanent International Regime

9 December 1949

Jordan Amends the Parliamentary Election Law

13 December 1949

Dissolution of the Jordanian Parliament

Jordan Issues National Guard Law

17 January 1950

Jordanian Parliamentary Elections; Formal Unification of the Two Banks

11 April 1950 - 24 April 1950

Great Britain Announces Formal Recognition of Extended Kingdom of Jordan and de jure Recognition of Israel Simultaneously

UNRWA Signs Agreement with Jordan as Refugee Host Country

14 March 1951 - 20 August 1951

Publication of the Constitution of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Israeli Operation in Jordan

28 January 1953

Israel's Construction of the "National Water Carrier"

2 September 1953

Anti-Israeli Demonstrations in Jordan

21 October 1953

SC Res. 101: Censuring Israel for Its Retaliatory Action in Qibya in Violation of the Israel-Jordan Armistice

24 November 1953

Arab League and Jordan River Waters

15 February 1954

Jordanian Nationality Law

16 February 1954

Israeli Operation Against Jordan

The US and Jordan River Waters

25 June 1954 - 6 July 1954

The Knesset Issues the Prevention of Infiltration Law

24 February 1955

Arab Information Center (AIC) Is Opened in New York

Israeli-Jordanian Clashes

25 July 1956 - 21 August 1956

Escalation Across Jordanian-Israeli Lines

10 September 1956 - 26 September 1956

Situation on Jordanian-Israeli Lines Continues to Deteriorate; Israeli Raid on Qalqilya

4 October 1956 - 11 October 1956

Kafr Qasim Massacre

29 October 1956

The 1956 War - The Tripartite Aggression

29 October 1956 - 12 March 1957

Anti-Monarchic Coup in Iraq

Status of Jordanian Jerusalem Municipality Enhanced Symbolically

16 December 1959

Palestinian Delegation at the UN

18 October 1963 - 5 November 1963

1st Arab Summit Meets in Cairo, Deals with Israeli Diversion of the Jordan River

13 January 1964 - 17 January 1964

Israel Starts Diverting the Jordan River

May 1964 - August 1964

1st Palestine National Council Is Held in Jerusalem: Establishment of the PLO

28 May 1964 - 2 June 1964

2nd Arab Summit Meets in Alexandria; Welcomes Establishment of PLO

5 September 1964 - 11 September 1964

President Bourguiba and 1947 Partition Plan

27 February 1965 - 11 March 1965

Israel Carries out an Operation in Jordan in Response to Fatah Raids

The Council of the Arab League Adopts the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in the Arab States

11 September 1965

Israeli Air Force Carries out a Raid in Syria in Response to Fatah Operations

Israeli-Jordanian Battle at al-Samu' after a Fatah Operation

11 November 1966 - 13 November 1966

Demonstrations in Jordan

20 November 1966 - 25 November 1966

Jordan Signs a Joint Defense Pact with Egypt

June War, 1st Day

The Knesset Amends the Municipal Corporations Ordinance to Extend Area of West Jerusalem Municipality

27 June 1967 - 29 June 1967

General Assembly Resolution 2252 (ES-V)

Small Fraction of 1967 War Refugees to Return to the West Bank

14 August 1967 - 19 October 1967

Israel Conducts a Census of Palestinians in Newly Occupied Territories

10 September 1967 - 25 September 1967

Israel Conducts a Census of Palestinians in East-Jerusalem

27 September 1967

Security Council Resolution S/RES/242

22 November 1967

Israeli Military Confrontation with Jordan and Palestinian Guerrillas

14 February 1968 - 15 February 1968

Battle of al-Karama, a Turning Point in Palestinian and Pro-Palestinian Mobilization

Israeli-Jordanian Clashes

Explosion in Mahane Yehuda in West Jerusalem

22 November 1968 - 28 November 1968

Military Order No. 291 on Land Settlement

19 December 1968

Military Order No. 321 Concerning Land Law (Acquisition for Public Purposes)

Israel Strengthens its Control over East Jerusalem

27 April 1969 - 26 June 1969

Deportation from West Bank

9 June 1969 - 6 October 1969

Jordanian-Palestinian Clashes

11 February 1970

Palestinian-Israeli Clashes in South Lebanon and Jordan Valley

22 May 1970 - 29 May 1970

7th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

30 May 1970 - 4 June 1970

Palestinian-Jordanian Clashes

6 June 1970 - 10 June 1970

19 June 1970 - 7 August 1970

1st Extraordinary Session of the Palestine National Council Is Held in Amman

27 August 1970 - 28 August 1970

PFLP Hijack Operations

6 September 1970 - 12 September 1970

Black September in Jordan

15 September 1970 - 25 September 1970

Emergency Arab Summit Meets in Cairo to Force a Palestinian-Jordanian Agreement

21 September 1970 - 28 September 1970

Jordanian Army Tightens Control

1 October 1970 - 23 July 1971

8th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

28 February 1971 - 5 March 1971

9th Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

7 July 1971 - 13 July 1971

Jordan Complains to UN Security Council on Jerusalem

13 September 1971

SC Res. 298: Deploring Israel’s Failure to Respect Previous Resolutions on its Measures Affecting Status of Jerusalem

25 September 1971

Municipal Elections in West Bank Are Announced

26 November 1971

Wasfi al-Tal, Jordan's Prime Minister, Is Assassinated by Black September Members in Cairo

28 November 1971

King Hussein Proposes a "United Arab Kingdom"

Municipal Elections Are Held in the West Bank

28 March 1972 - 2 May 1972

10th (Extraordinary) Palestine National Council Is Held in Cairo

6 April 1972 - 12 April 1972

6 October 1973 - 27 October 1973

October War, 2nd Day

6th Arab Summit Is Held in Algiers

26 November 1973 - 28 November 1973

Opening of an Arab-Israeli Peace Conference in Geneva

21 December 1973

7th Arab Summit Meeting in Rabat; PLO Recognized as Sole Representative of Palestinian People

28 October 1974

Assassination Attempt of PLO Senior Leadership in Beirut

Israel's Autonomy Plan for the West Bank and Gaza Strip

28 December 1977

Fatah Commando Operation and Israel's "Litani Operation"

11 March 1978 - 18 March 1978

Camp David Summit; Camp David Accords

5 September 1978 - 17 September 1978

9th Arab Summit Meets in Baghdad and Condemns the Camp David Accords

5 November 1978

SC Res. 446: Establishing a Commission to Examine the Situation Relating to Settlements in the Occupied Territories

Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty Is Signed in Washington, DC

10th Arab Summit Meets in Tunis

20 November 1979 - 22 November 1979

SC Res. 465: Calling on Israel to Dismantle Settlements and Cease Constructing, Planning New Ones

Reagan's Plan on the Palestinian Issue

1 September 1982

PLO and Jordan Agree on Idea of Palestinian-Jordanian Confederation

9 October 1982 - 10 November 1982

16th Palestine National Council Is Held in Algiers

14 February 1983 - 22 February 1983

Failed Attempt of Palestinian-Jordanian Coordination

31 March 1983 - 8 April 1983

Jordanian Parliament Revived

9 January 1984 - 18 January 1984

Palestinians in the Occupied Territories Oppose Reactivating the Jordanian Parliament

23 January 1984

Palestinian-Jordanian Coordination for Peace Talks

26 February 1984 - 1 March 1984

Palestinian Internal Polarization

27 March 1984 - 20 May 1984

Palestinians Hijack an Israeli Bus Toward Gaza

Demolitions in the Jordan Valley

1 November 1984 - 11 November 1984

17th Palestine National Council Is Held in Amman

22 November 1984 - 29 November 1984

Palestinian-Jordanian Joint Action Agreement

11 February 1985 - 22 February 1985

PLO Executive on Palestinian-Jordanian Joint Action Agreement

18 February 1985

Attempts to Form a Jordanian-Palestinian Delegation to Meet the US

1 March 1985 - 1 September 1985

Palestinian National Salvation Front Is Formed in Damascus

Extraordinary Arab Summit Meets in Casablanca

7 August 1985 - 9 August 1985

US-Palestinian Meeting in Jerusalem

4 December 1985

Breakdown of Jordanian-Palestinian Coordination

25 January 1986 - 1 April 1986

Fatah-DFLP-PCP Reconciliation: The Prague Declaration

6 September 1986

Deportation of Muhammad Dahlan

13 December 1986 - 26 January 1987

Hussein-Peres London Secret Agreement

18th Palestine National Council Is Held in Algiers: Restoration of Unity

20 April 1987 - 25 April 1987

Deportation of Marwan Barghouti and Khalil Achour

Resumption of Diplomatic Activity

30 January 1988 - 10 February 1988

US Secretary of State Shultz Negotiations Plan

Jordan Severs Ties with the West Bank

28 July 1988 - 4 August 1988

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Casablanca

23 May 1989 - 26 May 1989

Palestinian Response to the Invasion of Kuwait

3 August 1990 - 17 January 1991

Secretary Baker First Stage Diplomacy

9 March 1991 - 22 May 1991

President Bush's Letters to M.E. Leaders on Proposed Peace Conference

1 June 1991 - 14 July 1991

Secretary Baker Second Stage Diplomacy

21 July 1991 - 13 October 1991

US Letters of Assurances to Parties to Upcoming Peace Conference

15 October 1991 - 18 October 1991

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Tunis

17 October 1991

US-Soviet Invitation to the Madrid Peace Conference

18 October 1991

The Madrid Peace Conference

30 October 1991 - 2 November 1991

1st Negotiation Round, Madrid

3 November 1991

2nd Negotiation Round, Washington

10 December 1991 - 18 December 1991

3rd Negotiation Round, Washington

13 January 1992 - 16 January 1992

Multilevel Gaza-Jericho Negotiations

12 December 1993 - 23 February 1994

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations Is Signed in Paris

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area Is Signed in Cairo

Israeli-Jordanian Peace Treaty Signed near Aqaba

26 October 1994

Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin Maps the Shape of the Israeli-Palestinian Permanent Solution

The Beilin-Abu Mazen Document

31 October 1995

Likud's Benjamin Netanyahu Is Elected Prime Minister

29 May 1996 - 18 June 1996

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Cairo

21 June 1996 - 23 June 1996

Suicide Bombings in West Jerusalem: Israeli Reactions and Palestinian Measures

30 July 1997 - 25 September 1997

Attempted Assassination of Khalid Mishal in Amman; Ahmad Yasin Released

25 September 1997 - 1 October 1997

Israel's Position on Further Redeployment and on Palestinian Obligations

23 November 1997 - 14 January 1998

Commemoration of the Nakba 50th Anniversary

14 May 1998 - 15 May 1998

Wye River Plantation Meeting; Memorandum Signed

15 October 1998 - 23 October 1998

Several Palestinian Organizations Publicly Oppose Wye Memorandum

26 October 1998

Feverish Settlement Activities After Wye Memorandum

26 October 1998 - 15 November 1998

Israeli Obstacles to Wye River Implementation; First Stage Redeployment Only

30 October 1998 - 17 May 1999

Israel Releases the First Group of Prisoners Pursuant to Oral Understandings at Wye River

19 November 1998 - 20 November 1998

Inauguration of LVGR, the Gaza International Airport

20 November 1998 - 24 November 1998

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Gaza

10 December 1998

President Clinton's Visit to Gaza

14 December 1998

Palestinian Popular Congress to Confirm Nullification Articles of National Charter, Gaza

14 December 1998

To Declare a Palestinian State at the End of the Transitional Period?

28 December 1998 - 25 April 1999

With Barak as Prime Minister, Negotiations on Wye Implementation Resume

11 July 1999 - 3 September 1999

Sharm al-Shaykh Memorandum (Wye II Accord)

4 September 1999

Official Colonization Activity and (Very) Partial Removal of Settler Outposts

10 October 1999 - 10 November 1999

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Gaza

2 February 2000 - 3 February 2000

Failure to Reach the FAPS by 13 May 2000 Target Date: Eilat Round

30 April 2000 - 8 May 2000

Israeli-Palestinian (Post-Stockholm) Back Channel

1 June 2000 - 3 June 2000

Failure of Final Status Talks at Camp David Summit

11 July 2000 - 25 July 2000

The PA Releases First Batch of New Textbooks

2 September 2000

Sharm al-Shaykh Summit

16 October 2000 - 18 October 2000

Intense then Moderate Resurgence of Palestinian-Israeli Clashes

8 February 2001 - 7 March 2001

Jordanian-Egyptian Proposal for a Cease-Fire and a Resumption of Talks

16 April 2001 - 27 April 2001

Assassination of Muhannad Abu Halaweh and Fawzi Murrar in Ramallah

14th Arab Summit Meets in Beirut and Adopts Saudi Peace Initiative

27 March 2002 - 28 March 2002

US Response to the Israeli Invasion

4 April 2002 - 17 April 2002

Assassination of Yasir Rizq and Ameer Kuffe in Rafah

Yasir Arafat in the Line of Fire

4 September 2003 - 30 September 2003

Sharon's Speech on Unilateral Disengagement Plan

18 December 2003

Reactions to Bush's Assurances to Sharon RE Disengagement Plan

15 April 2004 - 6 May 2004

Assassination of Khalil Marshud in Balata Refugee Camp

Assassination of Said Abdul Fattah Abu al-Jedian in Beit Lahiya

Hizballah Fighters Capture Israeli Soldiers

July War: Israel Attempts to Create a Special Security Zone

2 August 2006 - 10 August 2006

SC Res. 1701: Calling for a Cessation of Hostilities to End Israel's War on Lebanon

July War: Israel Attempts a Ground Offensive in Southern Lebanon

11 August 2006 - 14 August 2006

Israeli and US Reactions to the Revived Arab Peace Initiative

29 March 2007 - 17 April 2007

Hamas Seizes Control of Gaza

10 June 2007 - 16 June 2007

Reactions to West Bank-Gaza Strip Split

17 June 2007 - 20 June 2007

Bush's Policy Speech and Call for an International Conference

Post-Annapolis Talks on Final Status: Olmert's Political Gamble

31 August 2008 - 16 September 2008

Israel Breaks the Gaza Cease-Fire

4 November 2008 - 30 November 2008

Post-Annapolis Talks: Palestinian Stocktaking

The Obama Administration Prepares its Peace Initiative with the Arab Side

21 April 2009 - 28 May 2009

Clinton's Disturbing Misstep on Settlements

31 October 2009 - 3 November 2009

Establishment of Palestinian National Dignity Fund

12 January 2010 - 18 May 2010

Direct Israeli-Palestinian Talks, Mediated by George Mitchell, Formally Relaunched in Washington

1 September 2010 - 2 September 2010

Direct Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations Held in Sharm al-Shaykh and Jerusalem

14 September 2010 - 15 September 2010

Pro-Democracy Revolts and Demonstrations in Several Arab Countries

17 December 2010 - 11 February 2011

Two Spates of Clashes Across Gaza Border

16 March 2011 - 10 April 2011

On Nakba Day, Palestinians Head Up Toward Cease-Fire Lines with Israel

15 May 2011 - 5 June 2011

Israeli-Palestinian “Exploratory Talks” in Amman

3 January 2012 - 25 January 2012

23rd Arab Summit Meets in Baghdad

Palestinian Mass Hunger Strike in Israeli Prisons

17 April 2012 - 14 May 2012

Israel's 2012 Assault on Gaza, Day 2

15 November 2012

Surge in Settlement Expansion

30 November 2012 - 10 February 2013

Hamas's Khalid Mishal Visits the Gaza Strip

8 December 2012

Jordanian-Palestinian Agreement on Holy Sites in Jerusalem

Kerry's Shuttle Diplomacy for the Resumption of Talks Intensifies and Apparently Succeeds

23 May 2013 - 19 July 2013

Israeli-Palestinian Direct Talks Take Place in Jerusalem

14 August 2013 - 2 September 2013

Aim of Talks Is No Longer a Comprehensive Agreement but a Framework Agreement

14 November 2013 - 31 January 2014

Trilateral Agreement for a Red Sea-Dead Sea Link

9 December 2013

For the Third Time, Israel Links the Release of Palestinian Prisoners with Settlement Expansion

6 January 2014 - 22 January 2014

Palestinians in the West Bank Protest Israeli Settlement Expansion

31 January 2014 - 7 February 2014

Tension Mounts Over Haram al-Sharif Following Israeli Provocations

4 February 2014 - 26 February 2014

Stakes Related to Whether Israel Will Release, as Agreed, the 4th Group of Palestinian Prisoners

17 March 2014 - 29 March 2014

Palestinians in West Bank Mobilize in Support of Gaza

8 July 2014 - 22 August 2014

Heightened Tension at Haram al-Sharif

30 September 2014 - 22 December 2014

French Efforts in Favor of a Draft UNSC Resolution on Palestinian-Israeli Peace

2 December 2014 - 17 December 2014

Draft SC Res. S/2014/916 Containing Palestinian Principles for a Negotiated Solution Rejected by SC

30 December 2014

Palestinian Car Ramming: A New Palestinian Weapon?

6 March 2015 - 14 May 2015

Netanyahu Reaffirms Status Quo at Haram al-Sharif; Cameras at Haram al-Sharif?

22 October 2015 - 24 October 2015

No Cameras at Haram al-Sharif

25 October 2015 - 26 October 2015

The US, Egypt, Jordan and Israel Hold a Secret Summit Meeting in Aqaba

21 February 2016

Palestinians Thwart the Setting Up of Cameras at Haram al-Sharif

18 March 2016 - 18 April 2016

Continued Israeli Settlement Activity and Destruction of Palestinian Infrastructure

27 July 2016 - 7 December 2016

A Doubtful Israel-Palestinian Postal Service Memorandum of Understanding

4 September 2016 - 15 August 2018

The Convening of Fatah's 7th General Conference Is Announced in Effort to Consolidate Abbas's Leadership

1 November 2016

Palestinian Attacks Against Soldiers and Settlers

8 January 2017 - 26 September 2017

The Israeli Knesset Passes a Law Regularizing Settlements Retroactively

6 February 2017

Hamas New Charter

Palestinian Official Response to Israel's Measures over the Haram al-Sharif

14 July 2017 - 21 July 2017

Two Jordanians Killed at Israeli Embassy in Amman

23 July 2017 - 24 July 2017

Bezalel Smotrich's "Decisive Plan" for the Complete Land of Israel

7 September 2017

President Trump Announces the Official US Recognition of Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel

6 December 2017

Popular Protests Against US Recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's Capital

7 December 2017 - 31 December 2017

The Arab League Jerusalem Committee Meets to Discuss Trump's Jerusalem Announcement

Trump Peace Negotiating Team to Travel to Middle East

15 June 2018 - 24 June 2018

The Waqf Reopens Bab al-Rahma at the Haram al-Sharif Compound

14 February 2019 - 17 March 2019

Israel Deducts Funds from the PA’s Tax Revenue

17 February 2019 - 2 May 2019

US ‘Peace to Prosperity’ Plan and Conference

22 June 2019 - 26 June 2019

Israeli Government Allows Jewish Visitors to Tour the Haram al-Sharif Compound on Eid al-Adha

11 August 2019 - 18 August 2019

Israeli PM Netanyahu Pledges to Annex Parts of the West Bank if Reelected

10 September 2019 - 6 December 2019

Israeli Caretaker Government and Opposition Escalate Settlement Advancement and Annexation Discourse

6 January 2020 - 25 February 2020

Trump Administration Presents Peace Plan

28 January 2020

US Peace Plan – Israeli Reaction

29 January 2020 - 9 February 2020

Formation of the Munich Group

15 February 2020 - 24 September 2020

Israeli Coalition Negotiations Hint at Partial Annexation of the West Bank

20 April 2020 - 17 May 2020

PA Issues Building Permits in Area C

Repeated Demolition of Khirbet Humsa

3 November 2020 - 27 October 2021

Meetings of the Munich Group and the Middle East Quartet

11 January 2021 - 18 November 2021

Leading Human Rights Groups Deem Israel an Apartheid State

12 January 2021 - 27 April 2021

Hightened Tension over Attempts to Evict Palestinian Families from Sheikh Jarrah

15 February 2021 - 9 May 2021

Historical Media

Mr. and Mrs. Winston Churchill at Government House Reception

Caricature: Balfour and the Woes His Ill-Fated Promise Brought to Palestine (Filastin Newspaper)

2 November 1932

Arab Revolt 1936 - Royal Commission

11 January 1937

Arab League Warnings

Emergency Refugee Camp, East Jordan: June 1967

Continuing Exodus: Jordan River

Israeli Attacks on Jordan

Palestine: A Homeland Denied

Implosion, Killing of the Women, Ninth Wave of Killing

Thematic Chronologies

Thematic Chronology

1966 - 1967

Thematic Chronology

Transjordan and its Evolving Connection to Palestine

1915-1954

Highlights

Ottoman Territorial Reorganization, 1840-1917

Preliminary Sketches of Mandate Palestine's Boundaries

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

Great Palestinian Rebellion, 1936-1939

A Popular Uprising Facing a Ruthless Repression

UN Partition Plan, 29 November 1947

Paving the Way to the Impending Nakba

Stages of a Forced Displacement

The Political Failure of the Tripartite Aggression

Palestine Liberation Organization (I)

The Reemergence of the Palestinian National Movement

A Watershed in the Arab-Israeli Conflict

Resolution 242, 22 November 1967

Ambiguous Parameters for a Middle East Settlement

Battle of al-Karama, 21 March 1968

A Triggering Moment For the Palestinian Resistance

October 1973 War

A Daring Arab Initiative Followed by Ambivalent Results

Camp David Accords, 1978-1979

Shattering the Arab Front

Lebanon War, 1982

A Setback for the PLO and for Israel's 'Grand Design'

Sabra and Shatila, 16-18 September 1982

A Massacre by Proxy

Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 15 November 1988

Historic Undertakings For the Sake of Statehood

Madrid and the Oslo Agreement, 1991-1993

Short-Lived Promises of a Negotiated Settlement

Palestinians in Jordan, 1948-1967

The Making of the “Jordanians of Palestinian Origin”

Palestinian Youth in Conflict

A Childhood Denied

Palestinians in Jordan Since 1967

A Never-Ending Normalization

Colonial Transformation of a Spiritual City

Palestinian Refugees in Syria

Fully Integrated, for Better and for Worse

Palestine Liberation Organization (II)

From the Limelight to the Backstage

Palestinian Refugees in the West Bank

Determined to Stay High on the National Agenda

From Relief Provider to Vector of Identity

Architecture and Urban Planning in Palestine

Caught Between Domination, Devastation and Mismanagement

The Palestinian Short Story

Exile, Sorrow, and Black Humor

Preservation of Heritage in Palestine

A Rising Awareness of an Imperiled Treasure

Palestinian Music

Blending Levantine Sounds and the Power of Poetry

Palestinian Visual Arts (III)

Explorers (1965-1995)

Kafr Qasim, 29 October 1956

Israel’s Army Massacres Its Own Peaceful Citizens

Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel, 1948-1966

Governing the Lives of a Confined Population

Palestinian Embroidery

A Rich and Diverse National Heritage

Urban Palestine

Divergent Trajectories of Spatial and Social Transformations

Nablus Soap Production

The Decline of an Ancient Heritage

Muslim Pilgrimage to Jerusalem

The Religious-Political Ramifications of Israeli Occupation

Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948

A Dynamic Movement Ripped Apart by the Nakba

Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails

Large-Scale Incarceration and Resistance

The March 1955 Outburst in the Gaza Strip

Thwarting Resettlement Schemes

Israel’s Policy toward Refugees in the Gaza Strip

A Site of Continual Displacement

Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip Since 1967

Incubators of Resistance

Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948

A Most Brutal Massacre Long Kept Under Wraps

The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps

Perpetuating the Temporary

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)

The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas

The Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine

Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine

A Repressive System with a Long-Lasting Impact

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (II)

The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine – DFLP

The Palestine Communist Party

The Palestinian Communist Movement

Lydda, 9-13 July 1948

A City-Wide Massacre Culminating in the Death March

The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine

Negotiating Palestine after the Nakba

Palestinian Informal Justice

Thriving in the Shadow of Colonialism

Palestine Police During the British Mandate

Law Enforcement in Service of Zionist Goals

The First Intifada, 1987-1993

Exhilaration of Revolt, Promise of Freedom

Rashidiyya Refugee Camp

Balata Refugee Camp

Fawwar Refugee Camp

Dheisheh Refugee Camp

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

III. Late Mandate

V. Reverberations Of the Palestine War

VI. Rise of The Palestinian National Movement

VII. After 1973 War: Separate Peace and Civil War

VIII. Palestinian Defeat, Divisions And Survival

IX. First Intifada and Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations

X. Oslo Process: Towards Failure

Palestinian Cinema

From Serving the Revolution to Creative Expression

The Palestine Radio, 1936-1948

The Contradictory Effects of a Government-Run Station

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (II)

After the Nakba

The Palestinian Flag

A Symbol of Identity and Solidarity

Steadfastness as Everyday Resistance

Palestinian Emigration (I)

Yarmouk Refugee Camp

Wihdat Refugee Camp

Palestinian Emigration (II)

Jaramana Refugee Camp

Palestinian Labor in Israel

A Fluctuating Market Subject to Israel’s Interests

Jalil (Wavel) Refugee Camp

Talbieh Refugee Camp

Israel’s Apartheid Regime

Entrenching Supremacism over the Palestinians

Jabal al-Hussein Refugee Camp

Marka Refugee Camp

China and the Palestine Question

From Revolutionary Solidarity to Rhetorical Support

UNRWA's Education System

A Palestinian-Shaped Undertaking

Spain and the Palestine Question

Upholding Support for Palestine Amidst Growing Relations with Israel

The Bosnians of Palestine

Beddawi Refugee Camp

Khan Eshieh Refugee Camp

The Separation Wall

Security, Grabbing Land, Strangling Palestinians

Italy and the Palestine Question

From Supportive Equidistance to Hostility

Palestinians in Sweden

Engaged for Palestine beyond their Diverse Legal Statuses

The European Union and the Palestine Question

From Promising Ambitions to Crippling Divisions

Palestinians in Chile

A Large Community, Fully Chilean, Fully Engaged for Palestine

The Palestine Exploration Fund

Philanthropy, Exploration and Imperial Scheming

Baqa‘a Refugee Camp

Husn (Martyr Azmi el-Mufti) Refugee Camp

Turkey and the Palestine Question

Torn between a Pro-Western Stance, Regional Considerations and Identity

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

Palestine-Egypt Border

A Line Imposed by the British on the Ottomans

Mexico and the Palestine Question

Equidistance… in Israel’s Favor

Nahr el-Bared Refugee Camp

Public Contracts during the Mandate

Colonial Deals in Favor of Zionist Goals

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

Dera‘a Refugee Camp

The Algerians of Palestine

Palestinian Music in Exile

Traditions and Resistance

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Perpetuating Israel’s Structural Dominance

Exhibition-Making Practices, 1917-1993

Curating the National Identity

Palestinian Photographers Before 1948

Documenting Life in a Time of Change

IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba

Periods

VI. Rise of the Palestinian National Movement

Places

al-Ghubayya al-Fawqa

al-Ghubayya al-Tahta

al-Naghnaghiyya

al-Shaykh Muwannis

'Arab al-'Arida

'Arab al-Bawati

'Arab al-Shamalina

'Arab al-Zubayd

al-Jammasin al-Gharbi

al-Jammasin al-Sharqi

Khirbat al-Buwayra

Khirbat al-Jawfa

Khirbat al-Lawz

Khirbat al-Muntar

Khirbat al-Taqa

Khirbat al-Zawiya

Khirbat Umm Burj

Khirbat Umm Sabuna

Mansurat al-Khayt

Wadi al-Hawarith