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Historical Texts

3 November 1839

The Tanzimat II

18 February 1856

Ottoman-Egyptian Separating Line Agreement

Message of the General Syrian Congress To the King-Crane Commission

Palin Commission Report

Franco-British Convention on Mandate Boundaries

23 December 1920

The Supreme Islamic Shari'a Council Order

20 December 1921

Churchill White Paper

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

Palestine Legislative Council Election Order, 1922

Council of the League of Nations: Exclusion of Transjordan Territory from the Jewish National Home

16 September 1922

British-French Demarcation of Line Between Syria and Palestine

Shaw Commission Report

The Hope Simpson Report

Passfield White Paper

20 October 1930

MacDonald's Letter to Weizmann

13 February 1931

Palestine (Western or Wailing Wall) Order in Council, 1931

The Murison Commission Report

Proposed New Constitution for Palestine

22 December 1935 - 23 December 1935

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead Commission) Report

9 November 1938

MacDonald White Paper

Land Transfers Regulations, 1940

20 February 1940

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

The Grady-Morrison Plan

UNSCOP Majority Proposal: Partition Plan

3 September 1947

UNGA Partition Plan

29 November 1947

Text of Plan Dalet (Plan D): General Section

Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel

Al-Dawayima Massacre, 29 October 1948 An Israeli Soldier Eye-Witness Account

8 November 1948

Egypt-Israel General Armistice Agreement

24 February 1949

Lebanon-Israel General Armistice Agreement

Jordan-Israel General Armistice Agreement

Syria–Israel General Armistice Agreement

Absentees' Property Law, 5710-1950

Israel Law of Return and its Amendments

Prevention of Infiltration (Offences and Jurisdiction) Law 1954 (5714)

Special Report of the Director of the UNRWA

15 December 1956

Proclamation of the Constitutional Statute of Gaza, 1962

First Arab Summit: Statement

13 January 1964 - 17 January 1964

Exchange of Letters Between Israel and UNRWA

Palestine National Council, 5th Session: Political Statement

4 February 1969

Palestine National Council, 6th Session: Political Statement

6 September 1969

Palestine National Council, 7th Session: Resolutions

Palestine National Council, 8th Session: Interim Political Program of the Palestine Revolution

Sixth Arab Summit: Policy Statement

28 November 1973

Palestine National Council, 11th Session: Political Program

12 December 1973

Separation of Forces Agreement Between Israel and Egypt

18 January 1974

Palestine National Council, 14th Session: National Unity Programme

15 January 1979 - 22 January 1979

Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt

The Regional Committee of the Heads of Arab Local Authorities in Israel Statement On the Assassination Attempts Against West Bank Mayors

Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel

Statement of First National Festival of Palestinian Literature in the Occupied Land

The Golan Heights Law

14 December 1981

Plan for the Departure from Lebanon of the PLO Leadership, Offices, and Combatants in Beirut

Kahan Commission of Inquiry Report into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut

7 February 1983

Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)

Yasir Arafat’s Speech Before the Forty-Third Session of the United Nations General Assembly

13 December 1988

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 1st Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

The Knesset Law Concerning the Implementation of the Agreement on Gaza and Jericho Areas (Restrictions of Activity) 1994

26 December 1994

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

28 September 1995

Yitzhak Rabin’s Address to Knesset after Israeli-Palestinian Agreement

Protocol Concerning the Redeployment in Hebron

17 January 1997

Israel’s Response to President Clinton Proposals

Palestinian and Israeli Positions on Refugees

22 January 2001 - 23 January 2001

Yasir Arafat's Speech at the Palestinian Legislative Council

Law of 2003 Amending the Basic Law

Palestinian Authority's Declaration on Institutional Renewal

Agreed Principles for Rafah Crossing In Connection with the Gaza Disengagement

15 November 2005

Prisoners’ Document on National Conciliation

Summary Final Report - The Winograd Commission of Inquiry

30 January 2008

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University

Report of the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (Goldstone Report)

25 September 2009

Mahmoud Abbas's Op-Ed in the New York Times: The Long Overdue Palestinian State

President Barack Obama's Address to the State Department Reframing U.S. Middle East Policy

Application of Palestine for admission to membership in the United Nations

23 September 2011

Report of the UNHِQ Board of Inquiry Into Incidents Affecting UNRWA Schools during the 2014 Gaza War

Mahmoud Abbas’s Speech at the 70th Session of the UNGA

30 September 2015

Secretary John Kerry’s Speech on Middle East Peace

28 December 2016

Marwan Barghouti’s Op-Ed in The New York Times: Why We Are on Hunger Strike in Israel’s Prisons

The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas): Document of General Principles and Policies

Bezalel Smotrich: Israel's Decisive Plan

7 September 2017

Mahmoud Abbas’s Op-Ed in The Guardian: Britain Must Atone for the Balfour Declaration – and 100 years of Suffering

1 November 2017

Statement by President Donald Trump On Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel

6 December 2017

Basic Law: Israel - the Nation-State of the Jewish People

Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry: On the Protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

28 February 2019

B’Tselem: A Regime of Jewish Supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid

12 January 2021

UNGA Resolution 77/247

30 December 2022

Biographies

Hafiz al-Sa’id

Musa Kazim Husseini

1853 - 26 March 1934

As‘ad al-Shuqairi

1860 - February 1940

1868 - October 1930

1880 - 16 June 1946

Izzeddin al-Qassam

1882 - 20 November 1935

Boulos Shehadeh

1882 - 1 August 1943

Abd al-Latif Salah

1884 - 8 November 1952

1885 - 19 December 1953

Wadi‘ Faris al-Bustani

1888 - 20 January 1954

Rashid al-Haj Ibrahim

Iskandar al-Khoury al-Beitjali

1889 - 7 July 1973

2 April 1892 - 24 April 1965

1894 - 19 March 1949

27 July 1894 - 6 August 1993

Subhi al-Khadra

1895 - 4 July 1954

4 April 1895 - 26 August 1971

8 May 1897 - 8 June 1984

Matiel Mogannam

15 February 1899 - 11 August 1992

Mohammed Ali al-Ja‘bari

1900 - 29 May 1980

26 June 1905 - 21 May 1997

1907 - 27 July 2006

Abd al-Rahim Mahmoud

1913 - 13 July 1948

Anwar Nusseibeh

1913 - 22 November 1986

Hind al-Husseini

25 April 1916 - 13 September 1994

Qasim al-Rimawi

11 January 1918 - 29 April 1982

Fatima al-Budeiri

1923 - June 2009

1925 - 10 April 1973

Samira Abu Ghazaleh

1928 - 12 January 2017

1928 - 1 September 2020

Hanna Abu Hanna

16 October 1928 - 2 February 2022

Ibrahim Abu-Lughod

15 February 1929 - 23 May 2001

Bashir Barghouti

1931 - 9 September 2000

1934 - 14 September 2021

9 May 1935 - 10 April 1973

1 November 1935 - 24 September 2003

Youssef Sami al-Youssef

1938 - 2 May 2013

1938 - 16 December 2020

1941 - 5 February 2023

Abd al-Wahhab Darawshah

12 October 1943 - 10 March 2026

13 July 1949 - 18 February 2026

1962 - 31 July 2024

Yahya al-Sinwar

19 October 1962 - 17 October 2024

9 February 1963

6 December 1966 - 24 March 2018

Events

Ottoman Education Law Is Passed

20 September 1869

Building of the Jaffa-Jerusalem Railroad Line

31 March 1890 - 26 September 1892

Formation of the Moderate Liberal Party and the Entente Libérale Party in Istanbul

30 October 1909 - 8 November 1911

Second Stage of British Palestine Campaign: From Bir al-Sabi' and Gaza to Jerusalem

31 October 1917 - 9 December 1917

Conquest of Damascus; Faisal Enters Liberated City

26 September 1918 - 3 October 1918

Nabi Musa Festival: Palestinian Mobilization and Palestinian-Zionist Clashes

2 April 1920 - 9 April 1920

Mahlul Land Ordinance

Mewat Land Ordinance

16 February 1921

Correction of Land Registers Ordinance, No. 12

16 February 1926

Shaw Commission Report on al-Buraq / Western Wall Disturbances

Hope Simpson Report Is Published

22 August 1930 - 20 October 1930

British Labour Party Favors Transfer of Palestinians

Roosevelt and Ibn Saud Meet

14 February 1945

League of Nations Passes on Supervision over Mandates to the UN

Establishment of All-Palestine Government in Gaza

22 September 1948 - 2 October 1948

Operations Yoav and ha-Har in the South Put End to 2nd Truce

15 October 1948 - 4 November 1948

Emergency Regulations Regarding Absentee Property

2 December 1948

Israeli Law of Return

The Knesset Enacts the Nationality Law

Israel Invades Egypt

29 October 1956

SC Res. 298: Deploring Israel’s Failure to Respect Previous Resolutions on its Measures Affecting Status of Jerusalem

25 September 1971

Israeli Army Crosses the Suez Canal Westwards

15 October 1973 - 22 October 1973

Sinai II Agreement Reached

20 August 1975 - 4 September 1975

Ali Hassan Salameh Is Killed in Beirut

22 January 1979

Israeli Knesset Votes to Apply Israeli Law in the Golan Heights

14 December 1981

SC Res. 508: Calling Upon all Parties to Cease Military Activities in Lebanon and across Lebanese-Israeli Border

SC Res. 509: Demanding Full and Unconditional Withdrawal of Israeli Forces from Lebanon

Israeli Invasion Along the Western Axis

6 June 1982 - 14 June 1982

US Legislation Aiming at the Closure of the PLO UN Observer Mission in New York

9 October 1987 - 22 December 1987

Draft Security Council Resolutions S/19466, S/19780, S/20463, S/20677, and S/20945/Rev.1

1 February 1988 - 7 November 1989

ICJ on US Treaty Obligations and the US Position on the PLO Office in New York

9 March 1988 - 11 March 1988

SC Res. 672: Condemns Israel's Acts of Violence and Requests the SG to Submit Report on Mission Sent to Region

12 October 1990

UNGA Res. 46/86: Revoking UNGA 3379 (XXX) that Had Determined Zionism as a Form of Racism

16 December 1991

US Congress Passes the "Jerusalem Embassy Act of 1995"

23 October 1995 - 8 November 1995

End of the Oslo Five-Year Interim Period

Assassination of Jamal Abd al-Razeq near Rafah

22 November 2000

The Knesset Passes the Incarceration of Unlawful Combatants Law

The Knesset Adopts the “Criminal Procedure Law (Interrogating Suspects)"

26 June 2002 - 12 December 2016

The Knesset Adopts the Disengagement Plan Implementation Law

16 February 2005

War on Gaza, Day 11: Dramatic Surge in Palestinian Civilian Casualties

Palestine National Council Special Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

26 August 2009 - 27 August 2009

The Knesset passes the Law on Disclosure Requirements for Recipients of Support from a Foreign State Entity

The Knesset Passes the "Admissions Committees Law"

The Knesset Passes the "Nakba Law"

The Knesset Passes the Citizenship Law (Amendment No. 10) Conditioning Citizenship on Loyalty

The Knesset Passes Israel Lands Law (Amendment No. 3) on Foreign Ownership

The Knesset Passes the "Anti-Boycott Law"

The Knesset Passes Israeli Prisons Law (Amendment No. 40) (Meetings with Lawyers)

The State of Palestine Becomes Full Member of the UNESCO

5 October 2011 - 31 October 2011

Gaza Reconstruction Mechanism

16 September 2014

The Palestinian Unity Government Still Does not Administer Gaza

11 January 2015 - 19 April 2015

France and Arab League Consider Resuscitating Securty Council Initiative

15 January 2015 - 29 June 2015

The Knesset Passes Amendment Allowing Force-Feeding of Prisoners on Hunger Strike

The Knesset Adopts an Amendment to the Penal Code Imposing Minimum Sentences for Stone-Throwers

2 November 2015

Israel Races for Settlement Activities with an Eye on Trump

22 January 2017 - 1 February 2017

The Israeli Knesset Passes a Law Regularizing Settlements Retroactively

6 February 2017

Palestinians and International Partners Fight Against Israel’s Planned Demolition of Khan al-Ahmar

15 February 2017 - 21 October 2018

Israel’s Knesset Passes Amendment No. 28 to Entry into Israel Law

Old Cities of Jerusalem and Hebron Inscribed as World Heritage in Danger

4 July 2017 - 7 July 2017

Palestinian Popular Response to Israel's Measures over the Haram al-Sharif

16 July 2017 - 23 July 2017

Fatah and Hamas Sign in Cairo an Agreement to End Palestinian Division

12 October 2017

Israeli Moves Against the BDS Movement

29 December 2017 - 7 January 2018

The Knesset Passes an Amendment to Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel

The Knesset Passes Legislation that Allows to Revoke Permanent Residency from East Jerusalemites

The Knesset Passes Legislation Withholding Bodies of Palestinians killed by Israeli Forces

UN Human Rights Council Establishes Commission into Israel’s Attacks on the Great March of Return Protesters

Knesset Passes Law to Deduct Funds from the PA Tax Revenue

2 July 2018 - 3 July 2018

The Knesset Passes Basic Law: Israel the Nation-State of the Jewish People

19 July 2018 - 30 July 2018

Qatar's Assistance to Gaza

9 October 2018 - 8 November 2018

The US Replaces its Consulate General in Jerusalem by a Palestinian Affairs Unit within its New Embassy

18 October 2018

Israeli Supreme Court Greenlights Withholding Palestinian Corpses

9 September 2019

Israeli PM Netanyahu Pledges to Annex Parts of the West Bank if Reelected

10 September 2019 - 6 December 2019

UN Human Rights Council Establishes an Ongoing Commission of Inquiry on Palestine

27 May 2021 - 22 July 2021

Annual Settler March: Israeli Forces Violently Disperse Palestinian Protesters

Meetings Resume between PA and Israeli Ministers; Palestinians Added to Population Registry

29 August 2021 - 28 December 2021

Jewish National Fund Begins Forestation Project in the Naqab to Displace Palestinians

10 January 2022 - 15 January 2022

The Knesset Enacts the Citizenship and Entry Into Israel Law (Temporary Order) 2022 for Banning Family Unification

Historical Media

Zionist Terrorism

29 December 1947

Highlights

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

A Watershed in the Arab-Israeli Conflict

Resolution 242, 22 November 1967

Ambiguous Parameters for a Middle East Settlement

October 1973 War

A Daring Arab Initiative Followed by Ambivalent Results

Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 15 November 1988

Historic Undertakings For the Sake of Statehood

Madrid and the Oslo Agreement, 1991-1993

Short-Lived Promises of a Negotiated Settlement

The Palestinian Short Story

Exile, Sorrow, and Black Humor

The Education of Palestinians in Israel

Struggling to Break Free from a System of Marginalization

Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948

A Most Brutal Massacre Long Kept Under Wraps

The Palestine Communist Party

The Palestinians and the Israeli Communist Party

Lydda, 9-13 July 1948

A City-Wide Massacre Culminating in the Death March

Palestinian Informal Justice

Thriving in the Shadow of Colonialism

Rashidiyya Refugee Camp

III. Late Mandate

VI. Rise of The Palestinian National Movement

Israel's Nation-State Law, 2018

Enshrining Discrimination

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (I)

Before the Nakba

The Palestinian Flag

A Symbol of Identity and Solidarity

Palestinian Emigration (I)

Yarmouk Refugee Camp

Wihdat Refugee Camp

Colonization and Dispossession

Zionism's Imagined Geography

Palestinian Labor in Israel

A Fluctuating Market Subject to Israel’s Interests

Khan Dunoun Refugee Camp

Palestine and International Justice

The Long and Tortuous Quest for Accountability

Jabal al-Hussein Refugee Camp

Spain and the Palestine Question

Upholding Support for Palestine Amidst Growing Relations with Israel

Israel’s Basic Law on Human Dignity and Liberty, 1992

Jewish Identity at the Expense of Citizen Equality

The Bosnians of Palestine

The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, 14 May 1948

An Ambiguous Constitutional-Legal Status

Beddawi Refugee Camp

The European Union and the Palestine Question

From Promising Ambitions to Crippling Divisions

Al-Raml (Latakia) Refugee Camp

Mar Elias Refugee Camp

Palestinians in Germany

From Melancholia to Anger

Tal al-Za‘atar Refugee Camp

Dera‘a Refugee Camp

The New South Africa and the Palestine Question

From Good Offices to Total Support

The Algerians of Palestine

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Perpetuating Israel’s Structural Dominance

Muslim Pilgrimage to Jerusalem

The Religious-Political Ramifications of Israeli Occupation

XI. Second Intifada and the Post-Arafat Era

The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948

An Ominous Sign of Worse to Come

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)

Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails

Large-Scale Incarceration and Resistance

The May 2021 Gaza War

Against New Challenges, Israel’s Old Recipes

Meanings of the Nakba

Transformations through Time and Place

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps

Perpetuating the Temporary

Places

al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya

Balad al-Shaykh

Bayyarat Hannun

Ghuwayr Abu Shusha

Khirbat al-'Umur

Khirbat al-Manara

Khirbat al-Shuna

Khirbat Bayt Far

Mansurat al-Khayt

Sarafand al-Kharab

Sarafand al-'Amar

Khirbat al-Zawiya

'Arab al-Bawati

Thematic Chronologies

Thematic Chronology

The UN and Palestine: Security Council Resolutions

1948 - present