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Events

Ottoman Pledges to Grant Facilities to France: Towards the Capitulations Regime

18 October 1569 - 1613

The Naqib al-Ashraf Rebellion in Jerusalem

May 1703 - November 1705

A New Ottoman Capitulation: From Gracious Protection to Extraterritorial Immunities

Palestine Under Zahir al-Umar: Locus of Intra-Mamluk Rivalry

June 1771 - June 1773

With the Ottoman-Russian Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji, Capitulations Turn into Bilateral Treaties

Ibrahim Pasha in Palestine

October 1831 - 1834

Establishment of European and American Consulates in Jerusalem

Founding Principles of Ottoman Reform: The Tanzimat Stage II

18 February 1856

Toward the Treaty of Paris Ending the Crimean War and Strengthening the European Influence on the Ottoman Empire

25 February 1856 - 30 March 1856

Law Granting Foreigners the Right to Own Real Estate in the Ottoman Empire., 7 Safar 1284

Ottoman Law of Nationality; An Attempt to Curb European Interference

19 January 1869

Establishment of Petah Tikva, the First Zionist Colony in Palestine

Treaty of Berlin Confirms the Status Quo Related to the Christian Sites in Jerusalem and Bethlehem

Jewish Nationalism in Eastern Europe

The Ottoman Government Sets Out Principles Governing Jewish Immigration to the Empire

24 November 1881

Seven Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine in the 1880s

First Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Emerging Palestinian Opposition to Zionist Settlement: al-Yahudiyya Village Against Petah Tikva Settlement

European Powers Press the Ottomans on Jewish Immigration

2 March 1888 - 4 October 1888

Nine Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine in the 1890s

Establishment of Foreign Archeological Institutes in Jerusalem

Jerusalem Notables Oppose Jewish Immigration

Establishment of the Jewish Colonization Association in London

The Ottomans and Sale of Land to Jews in Palestine

26 November 1892 - 3 April 1893

Publication of The Jewish State by Theodor Herzl

Local Control of Zionist Land Purchases in the Sanjaq of Jerusalem

1st Zionist Congress in Basel Calls for a Jewish Home in Palestine

29 August 1897 - 31 August 1897

2nd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

28 August 1898 - 31 August 1898

Eight Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine between 1899 and 1907

3rd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

15 August 1899 - 18 August 1899

4th Zionist Congress Is Held in London

13 August 1900 - 16 August 1900

Ottoman Consolidated Regulations on Jewish Residence and Land Purchase in Palestine

29 November 1900 - 28 January 1901

Palestinian Peasants in Tiberias Score a Rare Success Against Zionist Land Acquisition

8 December 1900 - 11 November 1901

5th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

26 December 1901 - 30 December 1901

Establishment of the Anglo-Palestine Company in Jaffa

7 July 1903 - 24 November 1903

6th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel, Discusses the Uganda Scheme

23 August 1903 - 28 August 1903

2nd Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Theodor Herzl Dies; Replaced by David Wolffsohn

Palestinian-Zionist Tension at al-Shajara - Sejera in the Tiberias Region

August 1904 - September 1904

Emerging Palestinian Identity and Arab Nationalism

7th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

27 July 1905 - 2 August 1905

8th Zionist Congress Is Held in the Hague

14 July 1907 - 21 July 1907

Creation of Underground Bar Giora Group

29 September 1907

The Zionist Organization Opens an Office in Jaffa

Six Jewish Colonies Are Established in Palestine between 1908 and 1910

Zionist-Palestinian Violence Breaks out in Jaffa

Young Turk Revolution

Establishment of the Arab-Ottoman Brotherhood Society in Istanbul

2 September 1908 - April 1909

Establishment of Palestinian Newspaper al-Karmel in Haifa

Zionist Attempt to Buy 1.5 Million Dunams in the Jordan Valley

March 1909 - July 1909

Palestinians Clash with Settlers of Sejera Colony

3 April 1909 - 12 April 1909

Foundation of Tel Aviv

Foundation of the Zionist Paramilitary Group Hashomer

Palestinian Members of the Ottoman Parliament Express Opposition to Zionist Objectives

June 1909 - 2 November 1909

Enactment of the Ottoman Associations Law

Formation of the Moderate Liberal Party and the Entente Libérale Party in Istanbul

30 October 1909 - 8 November 1911

First Major Debate on Zionism in Ottoman Parliament

March 1911 - May 1911

10th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

9 August 1911 - 15 August 1911

European Powers Renew Pressure on the Ottomans to Ease Zionist Land Acquisition in Palestine

Formation of the Ottoman Party for Administrative Decentralization in Cairo

The Arab Congress Meets in Paris

17 June 1913 - 24 June 1913

A Zionist–Arab Incident in Zarnuqa

Outbreak of World War I

1 August 1914 - 4 August 1914

The Ottomans Abrogate the Capitulations

9 September 1914

The Russian Revolution; Sykes-Picot Agreement Is Published

8 March 1917 - 23 November 1917

Balfour Declaration Is Made

2 November 1917

Arrival in Palestine of the Zionist Commission

The Ottomans Sign the Armistice of Mudros; Istanbul Is Occupied

30 October 1918 - 13 November 1918

3rd Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Opening of the Paris Peace Conference

18 January 1919

American Jews Petition President Wilson Against Jewish State in Palestine

Treaty of Versailles; Establishment of the League of Nations

28 June 1919 - 10 January 1920

The General Syrian Congress and the King-Crane Commission

2 July 1919 - 3 July 1919

Recommendations of the King-Crane Commission

Palin Commission of Inquiry

12 April 1920 - 1 July 1920

San Remo Conference: Distribution of Mandates

Founding of the Haganah, the Jewish Paramilitary Organization

International Zionist Conference Meets in London

Palestine Civil Government and Appointment of Herbert Samuel as High Commisioner

The Issue of the Administration of Transjordan

25 July 1920 - 31 December 1920

The Ottomans Sign the Treaty of Sèvres; The Turkish National Assembly in Ankara Rejects It

Mahlul Land Ordinance

3rd Palestinian National Congress Meets in Haifa

13 December 1920 - 19 December 1920

Palestine Police Ordinance Is Issued

Hybrid Status for Transjordan; Prince Abdullah Becomes Its Emir

May Day Clashes in Jaffa

1 May 1921 - 7 May 1921

Report of the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry on Jaffa Disturbances

12th Zionist Congress Is Held in Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary)

1 September 1921 - 14 September 1921

White Paper (Churchill) of 1922 Clarifies the Terms of the Balfour Declaration

The League of Nations Confirms Britain’s Mandate over Palestine

The British Issue a Constitution for Palestine in the Form of an Order in Council; Non-Applicability to Transjordan

5th Palestinian National Congress Meets in Nablus

20 August 1922 - 1 September 1922

League of Nations Approves Exclusion of Transjordan Territory from the Jewish National Home

14 September 1922 - 16 September 1922

1st British Census of Palestine

23 October 1922

British-French Demarcation of Line Between Palestine (Including Transjordan) and Syria (Including Lebanon)

British Formal and Conditional Assurance to Transjordan's Abdullah

25 April 1923 - 25 May 1923

The Palestine Communist Party Is Officially Announced

13th Zionist Congress Is Held in Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary)

6 August 1923 - 18 August 1923

Palestinians Reject Arab Agency Scheme

12 October 1923

Founding of the Arab National Party in Jerusalem

8 November 1923

4th Wave of Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Establishment of the Zionist Revisionist Movement

Prevention of Crime (Tribal and Village Areas) Ordinance Goes into Effect

14th Zionist Congress Is Held in Vienna

18 August 1925 - 31 August 1925

Collective Punishments Ordinance Is Issued

Municipal Elections Are Held in Palestine

Powerful Earthquake in Palestine and Transjordan

15th Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

30 August 1927 - 11 September 1927

Agreement between Great Britain and Transjordan Emirate

20 February 1928

Tension Over al-Buraq/ Western Wall

23 September 1928 - 30 October 1928

White Paper (Amery) on Status Quo at al-Buraq / Western Wall

19 November 1928 - 27 December 1928

5th Wave of Jewish Immigration

16th Zionist Congress Is Held in Zurich

28 July 1929 - 11 August 1929

1st Palestine Arab Women's Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

26 October 1929

General Conference of Palestine Arab Workers, Haifa

11 January 1930

League of Nations Council Approves the Appointment of an International Commission on al-Buraq / Western Wall

14 January 1930 - 15 May 1930

Shaw Commission Report on al-Buraq / Western Wall Disturbances

Hope Simpson Report Is Published

22 August 1930 - 20 October 1930

White Paper (Passfield) of 1930 Is Published

20 October 1930

MacDonald's Reassurance to Weizmann

13 February 1931

Lewis French and the Palestine Development Scheme

19 July 1931 - April 1932

A Conference in Nablus Debates Resorting to Arms

2nd British Census of Palestine

Establishment of the Istiqlal Party

Increase in Jewish Immigration from Germany

18th Zionist Congress Is Held in Prague

21 August 1933 - 3 September 1933

General Strike and Demonstrations in Palestine

8 October 1933 - 3 November 1933

Murison Commission of Inquiry

Establishment of the National Defense Party

2 December 1934

Oil Pipeline Connecting Northern Iraq to Haifa Opens Officially

The British Issue the Press Ordinance

17 January 1935

Establishment of the Palestine Arab Party

Establishment of the Reform Party

Nuremberg Laws and Jewish Immigration

15 September 1935

Establishment of the National Bloc Party

Joint Memorandum of Palestinian Parties

25 November 1935

Outbreak of the Great Palestinian Rebellion

15 April 1936 - 30 April 1936

Enactment of Emergency Regulations

First Phase of the Great Palestinian Rebellion

19 April 1936 - 23 July 1937

The Arab Higher Committee is Formed

British Secure Military Reinforcements and Arm a Jewish Settlement Police

May 1936 - September 1936

Great Britain Issues the Palestine Martial Law (Defence) Order in Council, 1936

30 September 1936

Great Britain Issues the Palestine (Defence) Order in Council, 1937

18 March 1937 - 24 March 1937

Peel Commission Report Proposes Partition of Palestine

Palestinians Reject Peel Commission Report

Second Phase of the Great Palestinian Rebellion

23 July 1937 - September 1938

Formation of the Arab National League (ANL) in New York

August 1937 - May 1941

20th Zionist Congress Meets in Zürich

3 August 1937 - 16 August 1937

Arab National Congress Convenes in Bludan

8 September 1937 - 9 September 1937

Charles Tegart's Means of Control

3 December 1937

Establishment of Hanita Settlement in Western Galilee

Third Phase of the Great Palestinian Rebellion

October 1938 - September 1939

The "International Parliamentarian Congress of Arab and Islamic Countries in Support of Palestine" Is Held in Cairo

7 October 1938 - 11 October 1938

Partition (Woodhead) Commission Report Is Published

9 November 1938

The British Government Rejects the Conclusions of the Partition (Woodhead) Commission

11 November 1938

Jewish-Arab Attacks Resume

30 January 1939 - 26 February 1939

London Round Table Conference Convenes

7 February 1939 - 27 March 1939

MacDonald White Paper of 1939: Limited Concessions to Palestinians

17 May 1939 - 23 May 1939

The Palestine Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

21st Zionist Congress Meets in Geneva

16 August 1939 - 25 August 1939

Stern Gang Calls for Alliance with Axis

Blowing up of SS Patria

Zionist Biltmore Conference Is Held in New York

6 May 1942 - 11 May 1942

Support in the United States for a Jewish Army

Five-year Limit on Jewish Immigration Extended

Stern Gang and Irgun Start Operations Against British

January 1944 - March 1944

British Labour Party Favors Transfer of Palestinians

Establishment of the Institute of Arab American Affairs (IAAA) in New York

25 November 1944 - 31 January 1950

Roosevelt and Ibn Saud Meet

14 February 1945

Labor Victory in Great Britain

Truman and Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Coordinated Zionist Anti-British Activism

1 October 1945 - 31 October 1945

Bevin's Statement on Palestine; Formation of an Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

13 November 1945

Attempt to Reconstitute the Arab Higher Committee for Palestine

22 November 1945 - 29 May 1946

The US Congress Endorses the Biltmore Program

17 December 1945 - 19 December 1945

Lebanon Ends Granting Import Licenses for Palestine Goods

Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry Publishes its Report after a Visit to Palestine

6 March 1946 - 20 April 1946

Great Britain Recognizes Independence of Transjordan in the Framework of a Treaty of Alliance

League of Nations Acknowledges the Independence of Transjordan

League of Nations Passes on Supervision over Mandates to the UN

Haganah's Plan Gimmel

Independence of the Emirate of Transjordan; a New Constitution for the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

25 May 1946 - 7 December 1946

Formation of the (Palestinian) Arab Higher Front in Opposition to the Palestine Arab Party

President Truman Supports Jewish Immigration to Palestine

Arab League Supervises the Establishment of a Unified Palestinian Arab Higher Committee

Series of Zionist Anti-British Attacks

17 June 1946 - 22 July 1946

Anglo-American Conference Meets in London and Proposes the Morrison-Grady Federal Plan

Jewish Agency Partition Plan Secures US Endorsement

5 August 1946 - 14 August 1946

Arab Delegations Put Forward Constitutional Proposals to the London Round Table Conference on Palestine

30 September 1946

Truman's Statement after Postponement of Round Table Conference on Palestine

22nd Zionist Congress Is Held in Basel

9 December 1946 - 24 December 1946

London Round Table Conference Reopens and Fails

27 January 1947 - 18 February 1947

UNGA Res. 106 (S-1): Creation of a Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP)

Majority of UNSCOP Members Recommend Partition

15 June 1947 - 3 September 1947

Palestinians and Zionists on UNSCOP Partition Plan

29 September 1947 - 3 October 1947

UNGA Res. 181 (II): Palestine Partition Plan

29 November 1947

First Phase of Palestine War: Offensive Defense versus Active Defense

29 November 1947 - 10 March 1948

Series of Zionist Attacks on Palestinians in the Wake of the Partition Plan

6 December 1947 - 31 December 1947

Series of Zionist Attacks

2 January 1948 - 26 January 1948

Palestinian Attacks

14 January 1948 - 19 February 1948

The Palestine Commission Submits First Reports to Security Council

29 January 1948 - 16 February 1948

British Break Arab Attacks

6 February 1948 - 10 February 1948

Transjordan and Great Britain Agree on Jordanian Military Intervention in Palestine

7 February 1948

Zionist Attacks

15 February 1948 - 5 March 1948

Plan Dalet Finalized by the Haganah

Second Phase of the Palestine War: Zionist Offensive

10 March 1948 - 15 May 1948

Palestinian Operations

11 March 1948 - 31 March 1948

A New Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Transjordan

US Apparent Hesitancy Toward Partition

18 March 1948 - 30 March 1948

Early Responses to Truce and Trusteeship Ideas

19 March 1948 - 20 March 1948

SC Res. 43: Calling for an Immediate Truce in Palestine

Zionist Leadership Decides to Proclaim Jewish State on 16 May

Fighting Around Jerusalem

12 April 1948 - 23 April 1948

SC Res. 46: Calling upon All Parties to Cease Military Activities in Palestine

Trusteeship Plan for Palestine

Arab Gains in Gush Etzion

3 May 1948 - 14 May 1948

Operations Makkabi and Ben-Nun in al-Latrun Area

8 May 1948 - 31 May 1948

Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel

Operations Shfifon and Kilshon in Jerusalem

14 May 1948 - 28 May 1948

The British Mandate Ends. The US Recognizes the State of Israel

Arab Armies Cross Palestine Borders

15 May 1948 - 10 June 1948

Third Phase of the Palestine War: Arab-Israeli War

15 May 1948 - 6 January 1949

SC Res. 49: Calling for a Cease-fire and Maintenance of the Truce in Jerusalem

SC Res. 50: Calling for a 4-week Cessation of Hostilities in Palestine

Count Bernadotte's Palestine Plan

Israeli Intelligence Report on the Depopulation of Palestine until 31 May 1948

SC Res. 53: Appealing to all Parties for Prolongation of the Truce in Palestine

Transjordan and Israel Sign Agreement on Demilitarization of Mount Scopus Area

End of First Truce: Israeli Operations An-Far, Dani and Qedem

8 July 1948 - 17 July 1948

SC Res. 54: Ordering Parties to Desist from Military Action; Instructing Mediator to Continue Efforts for Jerusalem Demilitarization

Israel's Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance

16 September 1948

Operations Yoav and ha-Har in the South Put End to 2nd Truce

15 October 1948 - 4 November 1948

Israel's Application for UN Membership Fails to Obtain Security Council Approval

17 December 1948

Elections in Israel

25 January 1949 - 14 February 1949

Great Britain Recognizes Israel on a de facto Basis

30 January 1949

Arab Sacrifice Brigade Formed and Dissolved

1 March 1949 - 30 November 1950

Jordan Undertakes Legislative Steps Aiming at Integrating the West Bank

16 March 1949 - 1 December 1949

Israel Enacts the Emergency Regulations (Security Zones)

24 April 1949 - 27 July 1949

Official Name of Jordan as an Issue

Gaza's Egyptian Administration

Military Clashes Across Gaza - Israel Armistice Line

Israeli Law of Return

Development Authority (Transfer of Property) Law, 5710-1950

Assassination of King Abdullah

20 July 1951 - 11 August 1952

23rd Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

14 August 1951 - 30 August 1951

Palestinians in Israel Protest the Nationality law

The Egyptian Revolution of 1952

The Zionist Organization/Jewish Agency Status Law

24 November 1952

King Hussein’s Formal Accession to the Throne

The Knesset Adopts the Law of State Education

Jordanian Nationality Law

16 February 1954

Covenant between Zionist Organization and Israel

Egyptian-Czech Arms Deal

27 September 1955

David Ben-Gurion Replaces Moshe Sharett as Prime Minister

3 November 1955

24th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

24 April 1956 - 7 May 1956

Ben-Gurion Addresses the Issue of Suez

UNGA Res. 997 (ES-I): Calling for an Immediate Cease-Fire (the Suez Crisis)

2 November 1956

Israel Addresses the Future of Gaza

10 November 1956 - 3 February 1957

Basic Law for the Gaza Strip

25 February 1958 - 15 March 1958

Arab States Protest Jewish Immigration

Basic Law: Israel Lands

Israel Land Administration Law, 5720-1960

25th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

27 December 1960 - 11 January 1961

The Constitutional Statute for the Gaza Strip

26th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

30 December 1964 - 10 January 1965

The PLO Opens its First Information Office in New York

22 January 1965 - 29 October 1974

Naturalization in Lebanon and the Casablanca Protocol on the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States

Israel Prepares for War with US Consent

2 June 1967 - 4 June 1967

Exchange of Letters Between Israel and UNRWA

Israeli Military Order Regarding Prohibition of Incitement and Hostile Propaganda Actions (West Bank) No. 101

First Communiqué of Fatah to the World Press in English and Arabic

Settlement Attempt in Hebron

12 April 1968 - 16 June 1968

Israel Land Requisition in Old City of Jerusalem

27th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

9 June 1968 - 19 June 1968

Military Order No. 291 on Land Settlement

19 December 1968

Military Order No. 321 Concerning Land Law (Acquisition for Public Purposes)

PFLP Hijack Operations

6 September 1970 - 12 September 1970

28th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

18 January 1972 - 28 January 1972

King Hussein Proposes a "United Arab Kingdom"

Palestine National Front Is Established in the Occupied Territories

October War, 1st Day

6 October 1973 - 27 October 1973

October War, 3rd Day

SC Res. 338: Calling for Cease-fire and Deciding to Start Immediately Negotiations for Just Durable and Peace

22 October 1973

UNGA Res. 3210 (XXIX): Inviting the PLO to Participate in GA Deliberations on Question of Palestine

14 October 1974

7th Arab Summit Meeting in Rabat; PLO Recognized as Sole Representative of Palestinian People

26 October 1974 - 29 October 1974

UNGA Res. 3236 (XXIX): Recognizing Palestinian Inalienable Rights and Palestinian People as Principal Party for Establishing Peace

22 November 1974

Start of Civil War in Lebanon

13 April 1975 - 2 September 1982

Sinai II Agreement Reached

20 August 1975 - 4 September 1975

UNGA Res. 3375 (XXX): Calling for Inviting PLO to any UN Efforts on the Middle East on Equal Footing with Other Parties

10 November 1975

The PLO at the Security Council

4 December 1975

The PLO Invited again to Security Council's Debate

12 January 1976

The Koenig Memorandum on Israeli Policy toward the Palestinians in Israel

1 March 1976 - April 1976

Draft SC Res. S/12022 to Deplore Israeli Policies that Could Change Jerusalem Status, Vetoed by US

Municipal Elections Are Held in the West Bank

Six-Party Arab Summit in Riyadh on Palestinian-Syrian Ceasefire in Lebanon

16 October 1976 - 18 October 1976

8th Arab Summit Meets in Cairo

25 October 1976 - 26 October 1976

13th Palestine National Council Meets in Cairo

12 March 1977 - 22 March 1977

Likud's Victory in Israeli Elections

Menachem Begin: "Territories Are Not Occupied"

US Steps Back from the US-Soviet Statement on the Geneva Conference

29th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

20 February 1978 - 1 March 1978

1st Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Beersheba

3rd Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Herzliya

25 June 1979 - 26 June 1979

4th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

5 July 1979 - 6 July 1979

6th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

26 September 1979 - 27 September 1979

Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Are Held in London

25 October 1979 - 26 October 1979

Israeli Model for Palestinian Self-Governing Authority

17 January 1980

8th Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Herzliya

31 January 1980 - 1 February 1980

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Alexandria

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Herzliya

1 May 1980 - 7 May 1980

Palestinian Operation Against Settlers in Hebron

2 May 1980 - 3 May 1980

Assassination Attempts Against West Bank Mayors

2 June 1980 - 3 June 1980

11th Arab Summit Meets in Amman

25 November 1980 - 27 November 1980

Philip Habib's Mediation for Cease-fire in South Lebanon

Session of Israeli-Egyptian Talks on Palestinian Autonomy Is Held in Cairo

11 November 1981 - 12 November 1981

SC Res. 497: Considering Null and Void Israel’s Decision to Impose its Laws in the Occupied Golan

17 December 1981

Israel's Proposal for the Palestinian Self-Governing Authority

31 January 1982

SC Res. 508: Calling Upon all Parties to Cease Military Activities in Lebanon and across Lebanese-Israeli Border

30th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

7 December 1982 - 16 December 1982

Israeli Settlements in the West Bank

21 March 1983 - 11 April 1983

Israel-Lebanon 17 May Agreement

17 May 1983 - 14 June 1983

Tension in Hebron

1 July 1983 - 30 July 1983

UNGA Res. 38/58: Calling for the Convening of an International Peace Conference on the Middle East

13 December 1983

Palestinian Internal Polarization

27 March 1984 - 20 May 1984

Fatah-Democratic Alliance Precarious Reconciliation

27 June 1984 - 2 September 1984

Tal Rumayda Settlement in Hebron

Palestinian-Jordanian Joint Action Agreement

11 February 1985 - 22 February 1985

Attempts to Form a Jordanian-Palestinian Delegation to Meet the US

1 March 1985 - 1 September 1985

Amendment No. 9 of Basic Law: The Knesset to Facilitate Disqualification of Arab Candidates to Elections

Fatah-DFLP-PCP Reconciliation: The Prague Declaration

6 September 1986

Hussein-Peres London Secret Agreement

31st Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

6 December 1987 - 10 December 1987

SC Res. 605: Deploring Israeli Violent Repression of Palestinian Intifada

22 December 1987

Unified National Leadership of the Uprising

Israel's Policy of "Beating"

19 January 1988 - 27 January 1988

US Secretary of State Shultz Negotiations Plan

3rd Visit of US Secretary of State Shultz to the Region

3 April 1988 - 8 April 1988

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Algiers

7 June 1988 - 9 June 1988

Elections in Israel

1 November 1988

Arafat addresses the UN General Assembly in Geneva

13 December 1988 - 14 December 1988

Egypt Proposes a Ten-Point Plan for Palestinian Elections

1 July 1989 - 30 September 1989

Israel Deports Five Palestinians

SC Res. 641: Deploring the Continuing Deportation by Israel of Palestinian Civilians

China's Five-Point Proposal on Middle East Peace

21 September 1989

Mass Emigration of Soviet Jews to Israel Is Triggered

1 October 1989 - 14 January 1990

Israel's National Unity Government Collapses

13 March 1990 - 11 June 1990

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Baghdad

28 May 1990 - 30 May 1990

Draft SC S/21326 to Dispatch a SC Commission to Palestinian Territory to Recommend Ways of Protecting Civilians Vetoed by US

Haram al-Sharif Killings

Statement S/22027 by SC President on Palestinian Legitimate Political Rights and International Conference

20 December 1990

SC Res. 681: Deploring Israel's Decision to Resume Deportations of Palestinian Civilians

20 December 1990

Secretary Baker Summarizes Results of his First Stage Diplomacy

Secretary Baker Second Stage Diplomacy

21 July 1991 - 13 October 1991

US Letters of Assurances to Parties to Upcoming Peace Conference

15 October 1991 - 18 October 1991

US-Soviet Invitation to the Madrid Peace Conference

18 October 1991

The Knesset Enacts the Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty

5th Negotiation Round, Washington

27 April 1992 - 30 April 1992

Elections in Israel

6th Negotiation Round, 1st Stage, Washington

24 August 1992 - 3 September 1992

6th Negotiation Round, 2nd Stage, Washington

14 September 1992 - 24 September 1992

Norwegian Secret Channel, Exploratory Stage

20 January 1993 - 9 May 1993

9th Negotiation Round, Washington

27 April 1993 - 13 May 1993

Norwegian Secret Channel, Official Stage

20 May 1993 - 20 August 1993

Start of Gaza-Jericho Negotiations, Taba

13 October 1993 - 8 December 1993

Hebron Massacre

25 February 1994 - 18 March 1994

Talks on Security for Palestinians in Hebron

20 March 1994 - 30 March 1994

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area Is Signed in Cairo

The Mirage of the 5-Year Countdown to Palestinian Statehood

4 May 1994 - 3 May 1999

Early Empowerment Accord Is Signed

The Knesset Adopts the Law Concerning the Implementation of the Agreement on Gaza and Jericho Areas (Restrictions of Activity) 1994

26 December 1994

Anti-Israeli Attacks and Inter-Palestinian Tension

2 April 1995 - 19 April 1995

Land Expropriation in Jerusalem

27 April 1995 - 3 May 1995

Further Transfer of Powers and Responsibilities

Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (Oslo II)

28 September 1995

Israeli Army Redeploys from Areas in the West Bank

November 1995 - December 1995

Israel Launches Operation Grapes of Wrath Against Lebanon

11 April 1996 - 26 April 1996

Likud's Benjamin Netanyahu Is Elected Prime Minister

29 May 1996 - 18 June 1996

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Cairo

21 June 1996 - 23 June 1996

First Netanyahu-Arafat Meeting

4 September 1996

UNGA Res. ES-10/2: Condemning Israel's Construction of Jabal Abu Ghunaym Settlement

The Holy See and Israel Sign an Agreement Complementing their 1993 Fundamental Agreement

10 November 1997

Israel's Position on Further Redeployment and on Palestinian Obligations

23 November 1997 - 14 January 1998

Renewed Israeli Settlement Activities and Plans in East Jerusalem

25 May 1998 - 21 June 1998

Several Palestinian Organizations Publicly Oppose Wye Memorandum

26 October 1998

Feverish Settlement Activities After Wye Memorandum

26 October 1998 - 15 November 1998

European Union Declaration "Compensating" the PLO for Not Declaring a State

Ehud Barak Becomes Prime Minister After a Campaign Focused on Separation Between Israelis and Palestinians

Conference on the 4th Geneva Convention Affirms its Applicability to the OPT

Official Resumption of Final Status Talks

13 September 1999 - 6 December 1999

Mounting Anti-Israeli Mobilization

10 May 2000 - 20 May 2000

Andrews and Bolling Rounds of Negotiation

13 June 2000 - 17 June 2000

Clinton Invites Arafat and Barak to a Summit in Camp David

3 July 2000 - 11 July 2000

Failure of Final Status Talks at Camp David Summit

11 July 2000 - 25 July 2000

Undermining the Talks and Preparing for their Failure: The Settlers and the Israeli Army

15 July 2000 - 8 August 2000

Ariel Sharon at al-Haram al-Sharif

28 September 2000

US Attempts at Easing Tension, but Confrontation Spikes

4 October 2000 - 12 October 2000

The Department of Palestinian Refugee Affairs in Lebanon Is Reorganized

14 October 2000

UNGA Res. ES-10/7: Expresses Concern over Israeli-Palestinian Clashes and Respect for 4th Geneva Convention

20 October 2000

Extraordinary Arab Summit in Cairo

21 October 2000 - 22 October 2000

Resumption of Peace Talks; the Clinton "Proposals"

19 December 2000 - 23 December 2000

Ariel Sharon Is Elected Prime Minister of Israel; Intifada Casualties Under Ehud Barak

6 February 2001

Jordanian-Egyptian Proposal for a Cease-Fire and a Resumption of Talks

16 April 2001 - 27 April 2001

The Mitchell Report Is Issued

30 April 2001 - 15 May 2001

Lebanon's Constitutional Council Upholds the Prohibition of Real Estate Acquisition by Palestinian Refugees

The Tenet Cease-Fire Plan

11 June 2001 - 20 June 2001

Palestinian-Israeli Confrontation Escalates

20 August 2001 - 10 September 2001

Conference on the 4th Geneva Convention Affirms Responsibility of all Contracting Parties in Ensuring its Respect

5 December 2001

The Knesset Passes the Incarceration of Unlawful Combatants Law

SC Res. 1402: Calling for Cease-Fire and Withdrawal of Israeli Troops from Palestinian Cities

Birth of the Middle East "Quartet"

Israeli and International Pressures for a PA Reform

7 May 2002 - 5 June 2002

Amendment No. 35 of Basic Law: The Knesset to Further Facilitate Disqualification of Arab Candidates to Elections

34th Zionist Congress Is Held in Jerusalem

17 June 2002 - 20 June 2002

Amendment No. 29 of Knesset Members (Immunity, Rights and Duties) Law

Toward a "Road Map" to Final Status?

13 August 2002 - 5 November 2002

SC Res. 1435: Concern over Reoccupation of Arafat's Headquarters in Ramallah and Call for Israeli Withdrawal

24 September 2002

The Likud Wins the Elections for the Knesset

28 January 2003

The PLC Discusses and Approves Amendments to the Basic Law Creating the Post of Prime Minister

10 March 2003 - 18 March 2003

Mahmoud Abbas Forms the Palestinian Government

19 March 2003 - 29 April 2003

US formally Presents Israel and the PA with the Road Map

Aqaba Summit: Bush, Abdullah, Abbas, and Sharon Meet

The Knesset Enacts the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law (Temporary Order) 2003 for Banning Family Unification

31 July 2003 - 21 March 2007

Assassination of Ismail Abu Shanab in Gaza City

21 August 2003 - 25 August 2003

Draft SC Res. S/2003/891 Against any Israeli Act of Deportation and any Threat to Arafat's Safety Vetoed by US

16 September 2003

UNGA Res. ES-10/12: Demands Israel to Desist from any Israeli Act of Deportation and any Threat to Arafat's Safety

19 September 2003

The Geneva "Private" Initiative

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

Draft SC Res. S/2003/980 on Illegality of Wall inside OPT Vetoed by US

14 October 2003

Violence Abates to a Moderate Level

1 November 2003 - 17 December 2003

SC Res. 1515: Endorsing Quartet Roadmap to a Two-State Solution

19 November 2003

Palestinian Peace Gestures

1 December 2003 - 7 January 2004

UNGA Res. ES-10/14: Requesting an Advisory Opinion from the ICJ on the Legal Consequences of the Wall

8 December 2003

Sharon's Interview on Gaza-Centered Disengagement Plan

12 January 2004 - 2 February 2004

Draft SC Res. S/2004/240 Condemning Extrajudicial Executions (Shaykh Ahmad Yasin) and all Terrorist Acts Vetoed by US

Sharon's Letter to Bush on Disengagement Plan

Bush's Letter to Sharon on the Disengagement Plan

Reactions to Bush's Assurances to Sharon RE Disengagement Plan

15 April 2004 - 6 May 2004

UNGA Res. 58/292: Affirming that Status of Palestinian Territory Remains one of Military Occupation

SC Res. 1544: Condemning Israeli Killing of Civilians and Demolition of Homes in Rafah Refugee Camp

16th Arab Summit Meets in Tunis; Rejection of Israel's Disengagement Plan

22 May 2004 - 23 May 2004

Israeli Cabinet Ambiguously Endorses Sharon's Disengagement Plan

Annual Zionist General Council (WZO) Meets in Jerusalem

The Knesset Adopts the Disengagement Plan Implementation Law

16 February 2005

Palestinian Dialogue Conference Held in Cairo

15 March 2005 - 17 March 2005

Possible Sale of Properties Belonging to Greek Orthodox Church in Jerusalem Old City Revealed

18 March 2005 - 24 May 2005

Major Construction Plan in Ma'ale Adumim

21 March 2005 - 6 April 2005

Disengagement: Israeli-Egyptian Protocol on Gaza-Egypt Border

1 September 2005 - 12 September 2005

Palestinian Legislative Elections: Parties and Factions Sign a Code of Conduct

17 October 2005

Post Disengagement: Agreed Principles for Rafah Crossing; EU Border Assistance Mission

15 November 2005 - 12 December 2005

Palestinian Legislative Elections: Fatah's Confused Preparation

25 November 2005 - 28 December 2005

Fourth Round of Municipal Elections

15 December 2005

Palestinian Legislative Elections: Registered Party Slates

18 December 2005

After a Massive Stroke, Sharon Is Replaced by Ehud Olmert as Acting PM

Palestinian Legislative Elections Results: Hamas's Victory

26 January 2006 - 29 January 2006

PA New Legislature and Consultations to Form a New Cabinet

18 February 2006 - 16 March 2006

Olmert's Separation Plan

5 March 2006 - 9 March 2006

Formation of the Hamas-Led Cabinet

19 March 2006 - 28 March 2006

Olmert's Kadima Party Wins the Knesset Elections

28 March 2006 - 4 May 2006

35th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

19 June 2006 - 22 June 2006

Draft SC Res. S/2006/508 Condemning Palestinian Abduction of Israeli Soldier and Israeli Assault on Gaza Vetoed by US

July War: Israel's Air War Fails to Knock out Hizballah

14 July 2006 - 16 July 2006

Olmert's Convergence Plan Put Aside; Settlement Activity Resumes

18 August 2006 - 21 September 2006

Draft SC Res. S/2006/878 Condemning Israel's Attack on Beit Hanoun Vetoed by US

11 November 2006

UNGA Res. ES-10/16: Calling upon Israel to Cease Operations and Withdraw from the Gaza Strip

17 November 2006

Saudi Initiative for Palestinian Unity: the Mecca Accord

28 January 2007 - 8 February 2007

Formation of the Palestinian Unity Government

15 March 2007 - 17 March 2007

19th Arab Summit Meets in Riyadh: Revival of the Arab Peace Initiative

28 March 2007 - 29 March 2007

Another PLO Central Council Meeting Within Four Weeks

Palestinian and Israeli Teams to Prepare Annapolis International Conference

20 September 2007 - 25 November 2007

Settlement Expansion in Jabal Abu Ghunaym/ Har Homa

4 December 2007

The Quartet Expresses "Concern" over Jabal Abu Ghunaym/ Har Homa Expansion

17 December 2007

Bush's Statement on Palestinian Statehood, Jerusalem

10 January 2008

A Palestinian National Congress Is Held in Damascus

23 January 2008 - 25 January 2008

Post-Annapolis Talks on Final Status: Israeli's Security Demands

28 February 2008 - 11 May 2008

Israel Announces New Settlement Construction Plans

9 March 2008 - 2 April 2008

Gaza: Military Confrontation Continues and Siege is Tightened

26 March 2008 - 15 May 2008

20th Arab Summit Meets in Damascus

29 March 2008 - 30 March 2008

Political Crisis in Israel

30 July 2008 - 10 February 2009

Palestinian-Israeli Clashes in Acre

8 October 2008 - 13 October 2008

Seal on Gaza Borders Tightened

5 November 2008 - 29 November 2008

SC Res. 1850: Expressing Support for the Annapolis Negotiations and the Quartet Principles of January 2006

16 December 2008

War on Gaza, Day 4

30 December 2008

War on Gaza, Day 9: Start of Phase 2

War on Gaza: US-Israel MOU on Arms Smuggling into Gaza

16 January 2009

War on Gaza: Israel Announces a Unilateral Cease-Fire

17 January 2009

Binyamin Netanyahu of Likud Forms Israeli Cabinet after Close Election Results

10 February 2009 - 31 March 2009

Western Powers Adopt a Program of Action Against Weapons Smuggling into Gaza

The New Netanyahu Government Prepares its Position on the Palestinian Issue

31 March 2009 - 5 May 2009

The Obama Administration Prepares its Peace Initiative with the Israeli Side: The Settlements Issue

18 May 2009 - 1 June 2009

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University on Peace and Security for Israel

Israel's Demolition and Eviction Orders Increase in East Jerusalem

2 August 2009 - 9 November 2009

Israel Land Administration Law

Egypt's Efforts for Palestinian Reconciliation Fail Once More

9 September 2009 - 25 October 2009

Clashes in East Jerusalem over al-Aqsa Mosque

27 September 2009 - 25 October 2009

UNGA Res. 64/10: Endorsing the Goldstone Report and Calling Upon both Sides to Investigate the Violations Reported in it

5 November 2009

The Deceptive Settlement Freeze

26 November 2009 - 5 January 2010

Palestinian Municipal Elections Announced and Delayed

8 February 2010 - 12 February 2011

The US Shies Away from Its Strong Demands on Israel

19 March 2010 - 30 April 2010

The Mavi Marmara Incident

30 May 2010 - 5 June 2010

36th Zionist Congress Meets in Jerusalem

15 June 2010 - 17 June 2010

Israel Resumes Provocative Settlement Measures in East Jerusalem

21 June 2010 - 30 June 2010

Amid US Pressure for Direct Talks, Provocative Settlement Measures Continue

29 July 2010 - 15 August 2010

Direct Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations Held in Sharm al-Shaykh and Jerusalem

14 September 2010 - 15 September 2010

Al Jazeera Satellite TV and the Guardian Release the Palestine Papers

23 January 2011

The Knesset passes the Law on Disclosure Requirements for Recipients of Support from a Foreign State Entity

The Knesset Passes the "Admissions Committees Law"

The Knesset Passes the "Nakba Law"

The Knesset Passes the Citizenship Law (Amendment No. 10) Conditioning Citizenship on Loyalty

US President Barack Obama Gives a Major Speech on the Middle East

19 May 2011 - 22 May 2011

The Knesset Passes the "Anti-Boycott Law"

Israel Settlement Activity Taken up Again in Earnest

27 September 2011 - 1 November 2011

Israeli-Palestinian “Exploratory Talks” in Amman

3 January 2012 - 25 January 2012

Sensing an Insurmountable Deadlock, Abbas Sends a Letter to Netanyahu

Israeli Government "Legalizes" Three Jewish Settlement Outposts

22 April 2012 - 24 April 2012

Symbolic Erection of Bab al-Shams and Bab al-Karama villages in the West Bank

11 January 2013 - 20 January 2013

US President Barack Obama Visits Israel and Bethlehem and Ramallah

20 March 2013 - 21 March 2013

24th Arab Summit Meets in Doha

26 March 2013 - 27 March 2013

Terms of Talk Resumption as Sponsored by Kerry

Aim of Talks Is No Longer a Comprehensive Agreement but a Framework Agreement

14 November 2013 - 31 January 2014

Tension Mounts Over Haram al-Sharif Following Israeli Provocations

4 February 2014 - 26 February 2014

Kerry Draws Up a Working Draft Framework for Negotiations

17 February 2014

The Knesset Adopts an Amendment to the Knesset Election Law Raising the Qualifying Election Threshold

Kerry Prepares Another Working Draft Framework for Negotiations

25th Arab Summit Meets in Kuwait

25 March 2014 - 26 March 2014

A PLO-Hamas Agreement (the Shati' Agreement) to Form a Conciliation Cabinet

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

26 April 2014 - 27 April 2014

Formation of the Palestinian Unity Government

Israeli and International Reactions to Announcement of Palestinian Unity Government

2 June 2014 - 3 June 2014

UNHRC Res. A/HRC/RES/S-21/1: Condemning Israel's Assault on Gaza, Dispatching Commission of Inquiry

The 2014 Gaza War, Days 21-24

28 July 2014 - 31 July 2014

The 2014 Gaza War: The Intermittent Cease-Fires (Phase III)

31 July 2014 - 26 August 2014

Heightened Tension at Haram al-Sharif

30 September 2014 - 22 December 2014

French Efforts in Favor of a Draft UNSC Resolution on Palestinian-Israeli Peace

2 December 2014 - 17 December 2014

Early Elections Announced in Israel

3 December 2014

Conference on the 4th Geneva Convention Addresses the 2014 Gaza War

17 December 2014

The Palestinian Unity Government Still Does not Administer Gaza

11 January 2015 - 19 April 2015

Arab Parties in Israel Form a Joint List For the Knesset Elections

22 January 2015

PLO Central Council Meeting Is Held in Ramallah

4 March 2015 - 5 March 2015

Israeli Elections: Likud's Victory and Strengthening of Arab Representation

17 March 2015 - 19 March 2015

26th Arab Summit Meets in Sharm al-Shaykh

28 March 2015 - 29 March 2015

Tony Blair Resigns as Quartet Representative; Quartet Office Redefined

27 May 2015 - 11 June 2015

Clashes at Haram al-Sharif

Settlers Set Fire to Two Palestinian Family Homes in Duma, West Bank

31 July 2015 - 9 August 2015

Tension Escalates at Haram al-Sharif

2 August 2015 - 28 September 2015

Abbas Outlines Six Potential Legal Steps in Speech at the UNGA

30 September 2015

37th Zionist Congress, Jerusalem

20 October 2015 - 22 October 2015

The US, Egypt, Jordan and Israel Hold a Secret Summit Meeting in Aqaba

21 February 2016

The Knesset Adopts the "Anti-Terror" (Counter-Terrorism) Law

Provocative Israeli Decision Related to Haram al-Sharif

26 June 2016 - 5 July 2016

The PLO Executive Committee Decides to Boycott the Quartet

3 July 2016 - 10 July 2016

Continued Violation of the Status Quo at Haram al-Sharif

Amendment No. 44 of Basic Law: The Knesset Allows Dismissal of Members

The Convening of Fatah's 7th General Conference Is Announced in Effort to Consolidate Abbas's Leadership

1 November 2016

Fatah Seventh General Conference Is Held in Ramallah

29 November 2016 - 4 December 2016

SC Res. 2334: Condemning Israel's Settlement Activities without Enforcement Mechanism

23 December 2016

Kerry's "Farewell" Speech on Palestinian-Israeli Peace

28 December 2016

Palestinian Reconciliation Meetings Renewed in Doha, Beirut and Moscow, with No Results

5 January 2017 - 17 January 2017

Paris Conference for Peace in the Middle East

15 January 2017 - 16 January 2017

Settlers Attempt to Modify the Status Quo at Haram al-Sharif

5 February 2017 - 24 May 2017

The Israeli Knesset Passes a Law Regularizing Settlements Retroactively

6 February 2017

UNESCWA and the Report on Israeli Apartheid

The Knesset Adopts Amendment No. 116 to the Planning and Building Law (Kaminitz Law)

Gaza and the Electricity Issue

27 April 2017 - 1 August 2017

PLO President Mahmoud Abbas Meets with US President Donald Trump at the White House

Palestinian Popular Response to Israel's Measures over the Haram al-Sharif

16 July 2017 - 23 July 2017

A Unified Lebanese Vision on Issues of Palestinian Refugees Living in Lebanon

Bezalel Smotrich's "Decisive Plan" for the Complete Land of Israel

7 September 2017

Israeli and US Reactions to the Fatah-Hamas Agreement in Cairo

17 October 2017 - 19 October 2017

Despite a Good Start, the Egypt-Sponsored Fatah-Hamas Agreement Finally Fails

1 November 2017 - 10 December 2017

President Trump Announces the Official US Recognition of Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel

6 December 2017

The Knesset Passes an Amendment to Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel

Amendment by the Knesset of Its Code of Ethics to Allow Restricting Palestinian Members' Travel Abroad

22 January 2018 - 13 March 2018

President Mahmoud Abbas Presents Palestinian Peace Plan to Security Council

20 February 2018

The Knesset Passes Legislation Withholding Bodies of Palestinians killed by Israeli Forces

PA Asks the ICC to Investigate Israeli Settlement Policies

The Knesset Passes Basic Law: Israel the Nation-State of the Jewish People

19 July 2018 - 30 July 2018

The Palestinian Constitutional Court Considers the Legislative Council to Be Dissolved

12 December 2018 - 22 December 2018

Dissolution of the Knesset; Three Election Rounds to Form a Government in Israel

26 December 2018 - 11 December 2019

Opening of the “Apartheid Road”

10 January 2019

30th Arab Summit Meets in Tunis

Israeli Government Allows Jewish Visitors to Tour the Haram al-Sharif Compound on Eid al-Adha

11 August 2019 - 18 August 2019

The Israel Electric Corporation Cuts Power in the West Bank

22 September 2019 - 29 December 2019

Palestinian Citizens of Israel Protest Israeli Police Inaction in Solving Violent Crimes

28 September 2019 - 5 November 2019

EU court Rules that Israeli Settlement Products May not be Labeled “Made in Israel”

12 November 2019

Jerusalem Court Ruling Threatens 700 Palestinians With Eviction

19 January 2020 - 26 January 2020

Formation of the Munich Group

15 February 2020 - 24 September 2020

Inconclusive Results of Elections for the Knesset in Israel

2 March 2020 - 17 May 2020

Israeli Coalition Negotiations Hint at Partial Annexation of the West Bank

20 April 2020 - 17 May 2020

International and Palestinian Responses to Israel’s Annexation Plans

18 May 2020 - 23 June 2020

Israel Attack Gaza over Incendiary Protest Balloons

6 August 2020 - 1 September 2020

Sudan to Normalize Ties with Israel in Exchange for US Incentives

25 August 2020 - 23 September 2021

Hanan Ashrawi Resigns from PLO Executive Committee

9 December 2020

Murder Rate Among Palestinian Citizens of Israel Remains High Amid Israeli Police Inaction

21 December 2020

Leading Human Rights Groups Deem Israel an Apartheid State

12 January 2021 - 27 April 2021

PA Announces Legislative, Presidential and PNC Elections, Later Postpones

15 January 2021 - 29 April 2021

ICC Rules that it has Jurisdiction in Occupied Palestinian Territories; Investigation Announced

5 February 2021 - 2 April 2021

Jewish National Fund Adopts New Policy to Purchase and Claim Lands in the West Bank

25 February 2021 - 2 September 2021

Palestinians in Israel at the Heart of the Unified Intifada

10 May 2021 - 3 June 2021

May 2021 Gaza War, Day 5

May 2021 Gaza War, Day 11

Bennett-Lapid Government Takes Office in Israel

Israel Continues to Assert Dominance over the Haram al-Sharif Compound

18 July 2021 - 8 October 2021

Meetings Resume between PA and Israeli Ministers; Palestinians Added to Population Registry

29 August 2021 - 28 December 2021

Jewish National Fund Begins Forestation Project in the Naqab to Displace Palestinians

10 January 2022 - 15 January 2022

The Knesset Enacts the Citizenship and Entry Into Israel Law (Temporary Order) 2022 for Banning Family Unification

Collective Punishment Against Jenin Following a Palestinian Attack in Tel Aviv

9 April 2022 - 17 April 2022

Netanyahu Forms Radical Right-Wing Israeli Government

29 December 2022

Historical Texts

3 November 1839

Ottoman Firman on Christian Holy Places in Jerusalem and Bethlehem

8 February 1852

The Tanzimat II

18 February 1856

Basel (Zionist) Program

Letter from Theodore Herzl to Yusuf Diya-uddin al-Khalidi

Ottoman-Egyptian Separating Line Agreement

Sykes-Picot Agreement

Balfour Declaration

2 November 1917

Petition of American Jews Against Zionist State

Message of the General Syrian Congress To the King-Crane Commission

Recommendations of the King-Crane Commission

Proclamation of the Independence of Syria

San Remo Conference Resolutions: Syria, Mesopotamia [Iraq], Palestine Mandates

Palin Commission Report

Franco-British Convention on Mandate Boundaries

23 December 1920

Report by the Haycraft Commission of Inquiry into the May 1921 Jaffa Riots

The Supreme Islamic Shari'a Council Order

20 December 1921

Churchill White Paper

League of Nations - Mandate for Palestine

The Palestine Order in Council (Palestine Constitution)

Palestine Legislative Council Election Order, 1922

Council of the League of Nations: Exclusion of Transjordan Territory from the Jewish National Home

16 September 1922

British-French Demarcation of Line Between Syria and Palestine

Arab Executive Committee's Response to High Commissioner's Offer to Form an Arab Agency Similar to the Jewish Agency in Palestine (in Arabic)

12 October 1923

Agreement between Great Britain and Transjordan Emirate

20 February 1928

Amery Memorandum on The Western Wall in Jerusalem

19 November 1928

Shaw Commission Report

The Hope Simpson Report

Passfield White Paper

20 October 1930

Report of the British - International Commission on al-Buraq / Western Wall

1 December 1930

MacDonald's Letter to Weizmann

13 February 1931

Palestine (Western or Wailing Wall) Order in Council, 1931

Communiqué: Formation of the Arab Independence Party; the Party Bylaws (in Arabic)

The Murison Commission Report

National Defense Party: Objectives (in Arabic)

2 December 1934

The Palestine Arab Party: Bylaws and Internal Regulations (in Arabic)

The Palestinian Arab Reform Party: Objectives (in Arabic)

National Bloc Party: Bylaws

Proposed New Constitution for Palestine

22 December 1935 - 23 December 1935

The Palestine (Defence) Order in Council, 1937

Peel Commission Report

Memorandum of the Arab Higher Committee: On the Peel Commission Report

Palestine Partition Commission (Woodhead Commission) Report

9 November 1938

British Government Statement on the Partition (Woodhead) Commission's Report

11 November 1938

London Round Table Conference on McMahon-Husain Correspondence

MacDonald White Paper

Reply of Arab Higher Committee on MacDonald White Paper

Land Transfers Regulations, 1940

20 February 1940

Biltmore Conference Declaration

The Alexandria Protocol on Forming the League of Arab States

Memorandum of Conversation between King Abdulaziz Saud and President Roosevelt

14 February 1945

Pact of the League of Arab States

The Defence (Emergency) Regulations, 1945

22 September 1945

Bevin's Statement on Formation of an Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

13 November 1945

US Congress Resolution on Palestine

17 December 1945 - 19 December 1945

Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Transjordan, 1946

Assembly of the League of Nations Resolution on Mandates

Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

The Haganah: Plan Gimmel (Plan C): Section on Countermeasures

Statement by the Council of the Arab League on the Anglo-American Committee's Report on Palestine

The Grady-Morrison Plan

Arab Constitutional Proposals at London Roundtable Conference

30 September 1946

Truman’s Statement on US Efforts for Palestine

Arab Ten-Point Position on UN Agenda on Palestine

UNGA Resolution 106 (S-1)

UNSCOP Minority Proposal: Federal State Plan

3 September 1947

UNSCOP Majority Proposal: Partition Plan

3 September 1947

UNSCOP Recommendations Approved Unanimously or by Substantial Majority

3 September 1947

UNGA Partition Plan

29 November 1947

UN Palestine Commission First Report

29 January 1948

UN Palestine Commission Report on Security in Palestine

16 February 1948

Text of Plan Dalet (Plan D): General Section

Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Transjordan, 1948

UNSC Resolution 43: Calling for an Immediate Truce in Palestine

UNSC Resolution 46

UNSC Resolution 48

The Palestine Act, 1948

Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel

US Recognition of the State of Israel

Statement by the Governments of the Arab League States on their Military Intervention in Palestine

Israel: Law and Administration Ordinance

UNSC Resolution 49

UNSC Resolution 50

Abandoned Areas Ordinance

Suggestions Presented by the UN Mediator on Palestine (Bernadotte) to the Two Parties

Israeli Intelligence Report on the Depopulation of Palestine, 30 June 1948

UNSC Resolution 53

Jordan-Israel Agreement: For the Demilitarization of Mount Scopus Area

UNSC Resolution 54

Progress Report of the UN Mediator on Palestine (Bernadotte)

16 September 1948

Israel: Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance No. 29 of 1948

16 September 1948

Prevention of Terrorism Ordinance No. 33, 5708-1948

23 September 1948

UNSC Resolution 61

4 November 1948

Al-Dawayima Massacre, 29 October 1948 An Israeli Soldier Eye-Witness Account

8 November 1948

UNSC Resolution 62

16 November 1948

UNGA Resolution 194 (III)

11 December 1948

Egypt-Israel General Armistice Agreement

24 February 1949

Lebanon-Israel General Armistice Agreement

Jordan-Israel General Armistice Agreement

Report Submitted by the Arab Refugee Congress of Ramallah on al-Dawayima Massacre

Syria–Israel General Armistice Agreement

United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine: Fourth Progress Report

22 September 1949

UNGA Resolution 302 (IV)

8 December 1949

Absentees' Property Law, 5710-1950

Israel Law of Return and its Amendments

UNGA Resolution 394 (V)

14 December 1950

Agreement between the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan And the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

UNSC Resolution 95

1 September 1951

UNGA Resolution 512 (VI)

26 January 1952

UNSC Resolution 101

24 November 1953

Prevention of Infiltration (Offences and Jurisdiction) Law 1954 (5714)

Exchange of Notes Between Lebanon and UNRWA

26 November 1954

UNSC Resolution 106

UNSC Resolution 111

19 January 1956

UNGA Resolution 997 (ES-I)

2 November 1956

UNGA Resolution 1002 (ES-I)

7 November 1956

Special Report of the Director of the UNRWA

15 December 1956

UNGA Resolution 1125 (XI)

2 February 1957

Proclamation of the Constitutional Statute of Gaza, 1962

UNSC Resolution 171

Draft of UNSC Resolution 5407

Basic Law of the PLO

UNSC Resolution 237

Exchange of Letters Between Israel and UNRWA

Lyndon B. Johnson: Statement on Principles for Peace in the Middle East

UNGA Resolution 2252 (ES-V)

Fatah: The Palestine National Liberation Movement, Press Release

Palestine National Council, 4th Session: Political Resolutions

10 July 1968 - 17 July 1968

Palestine National Council, 5th Session: Political Statement

4 February 1969

UNSC Resolution 267

9 December 1969

Palestine National Council, 7th Session: Final Statement

30 May 1970 - 4 June 1970

Palestine National Council, 7th Session: Resolutions

Palestinian National Council, Emergency Session: Resolutions

UNGA Resolution 2628 (XXV)

4 November 1970

Palestine National Council, 8th Session: Interim Political Program of the Palestine Revolution

UNSC Resolution 298

25 September 1971

Speech by Jordan’s King Hussein, Proposing a United Arab Kingdom in the Event of a Peaceful Settlement

Programme of the Palestine National Front in the Occupied Territory

UNSC Resolution 338

22 October 1973

Sixth Arab Summit: Confidential Decisions

28 November 1973

Palestine National Council, 11th Session: Political Program

12 December 1973

Separation of Forces Agreement Between Israel and Syria

PLO Interim Program (Ten-Point Program)

UNGA Resolution 3210 (XXIX)

14 October 1974

Speech of Yasir Arafat at the UNGA

13 November 1974

UNGA Resolution 3236 (XXIX)

22 November 1974

UNGA Resolution 3376 (XXX)

10 November 1975

UNGA Resolution 3375 (XXX)

10 November 1975

UNSC Resolution 381

30 November 1975

Draft of UNSC Resolution 11940

23 January 1976

The Koenig Memorandum

Draft of UNSC Resolution 12119

Eighth Arab Summit: Statement

25 October 1976 - 26 October 1976

Palestine National Council, 13th Session: Political Declaration

12 March 1977 - 22 March 1977

Joint US-USSR Communiqué on Reconvening the Geneva Conference on the Middle East

Israel-U.S. Working Paper on the Resumption of the Geneva Peace Conference

Address by President Anwar Sadat to the Knesset

20 November 1977

Framework for Peace in the Middle East (Camp David Accords)

17 September 1978

Ninth Arab Summit: Final Statement

2 November 1978 - 5 November 1978

Palestine National Council, 14th Session: National Unity Programme

15 January 1979 - 22 January 1979

UNSC Resolution 446

Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt

Joint Letter from President Sadat and Prime Minister Begin to President Carter Concerning Negotiations on Self-Governing Authority in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

Tenth Arab Summit: Final Statement

20 November 1979 - 22 November 1979

Israeli Model for the Self-Governing Authority

16 January 1980

Egyptian Model for Palestinian Full Autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

28 January 1980

UNSC Resolution 465

The Regional Committee of the Heads of Arab Local Authorities in Israel Statement On the Assassination Attempts Against West Bank Mayors

The Venice Declaration

UNSC Resolution 478

Eleventh Arab Summit: Final Communiqué

25 November 1980 - 27 November 1980

Palestine National Council, 15th Session: Political Statement

11 April 1981 - 19 April 1981

UNSC Resolution 497

17 December 1981

Israel's Proposals for the Self-Governing Authority in the West Bank and Gaza

31 January 1982

UNGA Resolution ES-9/1

5 February 1982

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14943

Draft of UNSC Resolution 14985

UNSC Resolution 508

UNSC Resolution 509

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15185

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15255/Rev.2

Plan for the Departure from Lebanon of the PLO Leadership, Offices, and Combatants in Beirut

1 September 1982

Israeli Cabinet Communiqué on President Reagan's Peace Proposal

2 September 1982

Kahan Commission of Inquiry Report into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut

7 February 1983

Palestine National Council, 16th Session: Final Statement

14 February 1983 - 22 February 1983

Draft of UNSC Resolution 15895

UNGA Resolution 38/58

13 December 1983

Secretary-General Report A/39/130 - S/16409

Palestine National Council, 17th Session: Final Statement

22 November 1984 - 29 November 1984

Palestinian-Jordanian Joint Action Agreement

11 February 1985

Basic Law: The Knesset Amendment No. 9

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1985: Final Communiqué

7 August 1985 - 9 August 1985

Draft of UNSC Resolution 17459

12 September 1985

Cairo Declaration on the PLO and Terrorism as read by PLO Chairman Yasir Arafat

7 November 1985

Draft of UNSC Resolution 17769

29 January 1986

The London Agreement

Palestine National Council, 18th Session: Final Statement

20 April 1987 - 25 April 1987

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1987: Resolutions

8 November 1987 - 11 November 1987

UNSC Resolution 605

22 December 1987

UNSC Resolution 607

UNSC Resolution 608

14 January 1988

Draft of UNSC Resolution 19466

29 January 1988

Secretary of State George Shultz: A Statement for Palestinians

26 February 1988

UNGA Resolution 42/229

The Shultz Negotiations Plan

Draft of UNSC Resolution 19780

King Hussein’s Address to the Nation on Severing Ties with the West Bank

Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)

Palestinian Declaration of Independence

15 November 1988

Palestine National Council (19th Session) Political Communiqué

15 November 1988

Yasir Arafat’s Speech Before the Forty-Third Session of the United Nations General Assembly

13 December 1988

Press Conference Statement of Yasir Arafat Clarifying His Speech Before the UN General Assembly

14 December 1988

Statement by President Reagan on Opening American-PLO Dialogue

14 December 1988

UNGA Resolution 43/177

15 December 1988

Draft of UNSC Resolution 20463

17 February 1989

Israel's "Peace Initiative"

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1989: Resolution on the Palestine Question

23 May 1989 - 26 May 1989

Draft of UNSC Resolution 20677

UNSC Resolution 641

Israeli Cabinet Decision on the Five-Point Plan of Secretary Baker

5 November 1989

Draft of UNSC Resolution 20945/Rev.1

6 November 1989

Draft of UNGA Resolution A/44/L.50

29 November 1989

PLO “Assumptions” with Regard to Baker's Five Points

1 December 1989

Egypt's "Assumptions" with Regard to Baker's Five Points

5 December 1989

Draft of UNSC Resolution 21326

UNSC Resolution 672

12 October 1990

UNSC Resolution 681

20 December 1990

Note by the S.C. President: On the International Conference for Peace in the Middle East

20 December 1990

President George Bush Address to Joint Session of Congress on the Middle East

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 1st Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 2nd Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

Palestinian West Bank – Gaza Delegation: 3rd Memorandum to US Secretary James Baker

UNSC Resolution 694

Exchange of Letters Between President Bush and Prime Minister Shamir on Proposed Peace Conference

Palestine National Council, 20th Session: Political Statement

28 September 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to the Palestinians

18 October 1991

U.S. Letter of Assurances to Israel

18 October 1991

U.S.-Soviet Letter of Invitation to Peace Talks in Madrid

18 October 1991

Speech of Haydar Abd al-Shafi at the Madrid Conference

31 October 1991

UNSC Resolution 726

Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty

UNSC Resolution 799

18 December 1992

Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (Oslo I Accord)

13 September 1993

Fundamental Agreement Between The Holy See And The State Of Israel

30 December 1993

UNSC Resolution 904

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area

The Knesset Law Concerning the Implementation of the Agreement on Gaza and Jericho Areas (Restrictions of Activity) 1994

26 December 1994

Draft of UNSC Resolution 1995/394

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

28 September 1995

Yitzhak Rabin’s Address to Knesset after Israeli-Palestinian Agreement

The Beilin – Abu Mazen Document

31 October 1995

Extraordinary Arab Summit, 1996: Resolution on the Palestine Question

21 June 1996 - 23 June 1996

UNSC Resolution 1073

28 September 1996

Protocol Concerning the Redeployment in Hebron

17 January 1997

Draft of UNSC Resolution 1997/199

UNGA Resolution ES-10/2

UNGA Resolution ES-10/3

Legal Personality Agreement Between Israel and the Holy See

10 November 1997

UNGA Resolution 52/250

Statement by the President of the Security Council S/PRST/1998/21

Wye River Memorandum

23 October 1998

UNGA Resolution ES-10/6

9 February 1999

Declaration of the Heads of State or Government of the European Union On the Middle East Peace Process: The Berlin Declaration

Protocol Concerning Safe Passage Between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

Basic Agreement Between the Holy See and the Palestine Liberation Organization

15 February 2000

UNSC Resolution 1322

UNGA Resolution ES-10/7

20 October 2000

President Clinton Proposals on Israeli‑Palestinian Peace

23 December 2000

Palestinian Response to President Clinton Proposals

Israel’s Response to President Clinton Proposals

PLO Negotiation Affairs Department Assessment of US Policy

20 January 2001

Palestinian and Israeli Positions on Refugees

22 January 2001 - 23 January 2001

Israeli-Palestinian Joint Statement

27 January 2001

The “Moratinos Non-Paper” on the Outcome of the Taba Talks (21-27 January 2001)

27 January 2001

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2001/270

Jordanian-Egyptian Proposal For an Israeli-Palestinian Cease-Fire and Resumption of Negotiations

The Mitchell Report

Palestinian-Israeli Security Implementation Work Plan (Tenet Cease-Fire Plan)

The Durban Declaration

8 September 2001

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2001/1199

14 December 2001

South African Communiqué on Palestinian-Israeli Meeting

11 January 2002

Incarceration of Unlawful Combatants Law

UNSC Resolution 1397

Letter of UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan to Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon

Fourteenth Arab Summit: The Arab Peace Initiative

UNSC Resolution 1402

The Quartet (UN, EU, Russia, US) Communiqué on the Situation in the Occupied Territories

Yasir Arafat's Speech at the Palestinian Legislative Council

Basic Law: The Knesset Amendment No. 35

President George W. Bush’s Speech US Policy in the Middle East

Draft of UNSC Resolution S/2002/1385

20 December 2002

Law of 2003 Amending the Basic Law

A Performance-Based Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Israel and the Road Map

23 May 2003 - 25 May 2003

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2003/891

16 September 2003

UNGA Resolution ES-10/12

25 September 2003

The Geneva Accord

12 October 2003 - 1 December 2003

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2003/980

14 October 2003

UNGA Resolution ES-10/13

27 October 2003

UNSC Resolution 1515

19 November 2003

UNGA Resolution ES-10/14

12 December 2003

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2004/240

President Bush's letter to Prime Minister Sharon

Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s Disengagement Plan: Key Principles

UNGA Resolution 58/292

UNSC Resolution 1544

UNGA Resolution ES-10/15

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2004/783

Palestinian Parties and Factions Code of Conduct during the Legislative Electoral Process

17 October 2005

Agreement on Movement and Access In Connection with the Gaza Disengagement

15 November 2005

Agreed Principles for Rafah Crossing In Connection with the Gaza Disengagement

15 November 2005

EU’s Decision on a Border Assistance Mission to Rafah

12 December 2005

Statement by Middle East Quartet on the Palestinian Legislative Elections

30 January 2006

Prime Minister Elect Ismail Haniyeh Presents New Government’s Program To the Palestinian Legislative Council

Prisoners’ Document on National Conciliation

National Conciliation Document

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2006/508

UNSC Resolution 1701

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2006/878

10 November 2006

UNGA Resolution ES-10/16

30 November 2006

UNGA Resolution ES-10/17

24 January 2007

8 February 2007

President George W. Bush’s Policy Speech

Joint Understanding Between Israel and the PLO Read by President Bush

27 November 2007

President George W. Bush’s Speech Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process

10 January 2008

Summary Final Report - The Winograd Commission of Inquiry

30 January 2008

Basic Law: The Knesset Amendment No. 39

UNSC Resolution 1850

16 December 2008

UNSC Resolution 1860

Memorandum of Understanding between Israel and the United States Regarding Prevention of the Supply of Arms and Related Materiel to Terrorist Groups

16 January 2009

UNGA Resolution ES-18

23 January 2009

Letter Dated 4 May 2009 from the Secretary-General Addressed to the President of the Security Council

President Obama's Speech at Cairo University on the United States and the Muslim World

Netanyahu's Speech at Bar-Ilan University

Prime Minister Salam Fayyad’s Address at al-Quds University: Statehood in Two Years

Report of the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (Goldstone Report)

25 September 2009

UNGA Resolution 64/10

1 December 2009

Statement by the President of the Security Council S/PRST/2010/9

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2011/24

18 February 2011

Palestinian National Conciliation Agreement: Related Understandings Between Fatah and Hamas

Mahmoud Abbas's Op-Ed in the New York Times: The Long Overdue Palestinian State

President Barack Obama's Address to the State Department Reframing U.S. Middle East Policy

Statement by Middle East Quartet

23 September 2011

Understanding Regarding Ceasefire in Gaza Strip

21 November 2012

UNGA Resolution 67/19

29 November 2012

Jordanian-Palestinian Agreement on Holy Sites in Jerusalem

China's Four-Point Proposal for Settlement of Palestinian Question

HRC Resolution S-21/1

Conference of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention Declaration

17 December 2014

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2014/916

30 December 2014

Report of the UNHِQ Board of Inquiry Into Incidents Affecting UNRWA Schools during the 2014 Gaza War

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict

Mahmoud Abbas’s Speech at the 70th Session of the UNGA

30 September 2015

Council of the European Union: Conclusions on the Middle East Peace Process

18 January 2016

Middle East Peace initiative: Joint Communiqué

Report of the Middle East Quartet

UNSC Resolution 2334

23 December 2016

Secretary John Kerry’s Speech on Middle East Peace

28 December 2016

Middle East Peace Conference Joint Declaration

15 January 2017

Basic Law: The Knesset Amendment No. 46

UNESCWA Report on Israeli Apartheid

Marwan Barghouti’s Op-Ed in The New York Times: Why We Are on Hunger Strike in Israel’s Prisons

The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas): Document of General Principles and Policies

China’s Four-Point Proposal on Promoting the Settlement of the Palestinian Issue

Lebanese-Palestinian Dialogue Committee: A Unified Lebanese Vision For the Palestinian Refugees Affairs In Lebanon

Bezalel Smotrich: Israel's Decisive Plan

7 September 2017

Agreement Between Fatah and Hamas to End Palestinian Division

12 October 2017

Mahmoud Abbas’s Op-Ed in The Guardian: Britain Must Atone for the Balfour Declaration – and 100 years of Suffering

1 November 2017

Statement by President Donald Trump On Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel

6 December 2017

Draft of UNSC Resolution 2018/516

UNGA Resolution ES-10/20

Basic Law: Israel - the Nation-State of the Jewish People

UNGA Resolution 73/5

16 October 2018

Palestinian Prime Minister's Letter to Secretary of State on No Longer Accepting US Assistance

26 December 2018

Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry: On the Protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

28 February 2019

30th Arab Summit: Tunis Declaration

Joint Statement of the United States, the State of Israel, and the United Arab Emirates

Abraham Accords: Treaty of Peace Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel

15 September 2020

Abraham Accords: Bahrain-Israel Declaration

15 September 2020

Joint Statement of the Foreign Ministers of France, Germany, Egypt and Jordan (The Munich Group)

11 January 2021

B’Tselem: A Regime of Jewish Supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid

12 January 2021

ICC Decision on its Jurisdiction in Palestine

5 February 2021

HRC Res. S-30/1: Establishing an Ongoing Commission of Inquiry on Palestine

Framework for Cooperation between UNRWA and the USA, 2021-2022

Amnesty Report on Israeli Apartheid

1 February 2022

Report of the Independent Commission of Inquiry to HRC

US-Israel Joint Declaration on Strategic Partnership

UNGA Resolution 77/247

30 December 2022

Biographies

Yusuf Diya-uddin al-Khalidi

Hafiz al-Sa’id

Musa Kazim Husseini

1853 - 26 March 1934

1860 - 13 April 1930

As‘ad al-Shuqairi

1860 - February 1940

Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi

1864 - 6 August 1913

1865 - 3 March 1948

1868 - October 1930

Freih Abu Middein

1878 - 29 June 1950

Khalil al-Sakakini

23 January 1878 - 13 August 1953

Abdallah Mukhlis

27 December 1878 - 16 December 1947

1880 - 16 June 1946

Abd al-Qadir Muzaffar

Izzeddin al-Qassam

1882 - 20 November 1935

1882 - 22 April 1942

Boulos Shehadeh

1882 - 1 August 1943

Raghib al-Nashashibi

Suleiman al-Taji al-Faruqi

Ahmad Hilmi Pasha Abd al-Baqi

1882 - 29 June 1963

24 September 1882 - 15 January 1964

Abd al-Latif Salah

1884 - 8 November 1952

Isaaf al-Nashashibi

1885 - 22 January 1948

Mu‘in al-Madi

Muhammad Izzat Darwaza

21 June 1887 - 26 July 1984

Wadi‘ Faris al-Bustani

1888 - 20 January 1954

Abd al-Hamid Shuman

1888 - 9 September 1974

Rashid al-Haj Ibrahim

Rafiq al-Tamimi

Awni Abd al-Hadi

1889 - 15 March 1970

Iskandar al-Khoury al-Beitjali

1889 - 7 July 1973

George Antonius

Jamal al-Husseini

1892 - 5 July 1982

2 April 1892 - 24 April 1965

Omar al-Saleh al-Barghouti

1894 - 22 June 1965

27 July 1894 - 6 August 1993

Subhi al-Khadra

1895 - 4 July 1954

Muhammad Amin al-Husseini

1895 - 4 July 1974

4 April 1895 - 26 August 1971

Muhammad Ali al-Taher

1896 - 22 August 1974

8 May 1897 - 8 June 1984

Matiel Mogannam

15 February 1899 - 11 August 1992

Mohammed Ali al-Ja‘bari

1900 - 29 May 1980

1902 - 27 August 1984

1905 - 21 May 1985

15 May 1905 - 17 November 1979

26 June 1905 - 21 May 1997

Abd al-Hamid al-Sayih

1907 - 8 January 2001

Abd al-Qadir al-Husseini

1908 - 8 April 1948

Ahmad al-Shuqairi

1908 - 25 February 1980

Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani

Constantine Zurayk

18 April 1909 - 12 August 2000

1910 - 26 February 1971

Sami Taha Hamran

1911 - 11 September 1947

Abd al-Majid Shuman

1912 - 5 July 2005

Abd al-Rahim Mahmoud

1913 - 13 July 1948

Anwar Nusseibeh

1913 - 22 November 1986

28 November 1914 - 30 September 1976

Qasim al-Rimawi

11 January 1918 - 29 April 1982

16 March 1919 - 27 August 1985

Haydar Abd al-Shafi

10 June 1919 - 25 September 2007

Rajeh al-Salfiti

1921 - 27 May 1990

29 August 1922 - 2 May 1996

Yusra al-Barbari

15 April 1923 - 13 May 2009

20 April 1923 - 26 February 1999

1925 - 10 April 1973

1 August 1925 - 26 January 2008

1926 - 23 January 1984

1927 - 13 January 2005

Hanna Abu Hanna

16 October 1928 - 2 February 2022

Ibrahim Abu-Lughod

15 February 1929 - 23 May 2001

7 May 1929 - 5 July 1994

24 August 1929 - 11 November 2004

3 November 1929 - 30 August 2012

Bassam Shak’a

1930 - 22 July 2019

Bashir Barghouti

1931 - 9 September 2000

Anis Abdullah Sayigh

3 November 1931 - 25 December 2009

13 January 1932 - 2 August 2009

9 May 1935 - 10 April 1973

1 November 1935 - 24 September 2003

1936 - 3 August 1978

1936 - 29 August 1987

Bayan Nuwayhed al-Hout

1937 - 12 July 2025

1938 - 16 December 2020

Mustafa al-Zabri (Abu Ali Mustafa)

14 May 1938 - 27 August 2001

1939 - 19 August 2014

Mahmoud Darwish

13 March 1941 - 9 August 2008

Abd al-Wahhab Darawshah

12 October 1943 - 10 March 2026

13 July 1949 - 18 February 2026

Dalal al-Mughrabi

29 December 1959 - 11 March 1978

Yahya al-Sinwar

19 October 1962 - 17 October 2024

6 December 1966 - 24 March 2018

Charts

Document

Demography and the Palestine Question (I) - Population Growth

1860 - 1948

Document

Demography and the Palestine Question (I) - Jewish Immigration

1882 - 1948

Document

Palestinians in Israel’s “Mixed Cities”, 1932, 1951 and 2015

1932 - 2015

Document

Demography and the Palestine Question (II) - Jewish Immigration

1948 - 2013

Historical Media

Distribution and Size of Jewish Land Holdings, 1930

Jewish Lands and Settlements in Palestine, 1930

Members of the Istiqlal (Independence) Party

The Palestinian Islamic Nation Conference Party

Caricature: Balfour and the Woes His Ill-Fated Promise Brought to Palestine (Filastin Newspaper)

2 November 1932

Palestine and Oil

Arab Higher Committee Members

Smashing the Palestinian Political Infrastructure

15 December 1938

Palestine Broadcasting Station's "Oriental Band"

Land in Jewish Possession, 1944

31 December 1944

Illegal Immigration (I)

Illegal Immigration (II)

King David Hotel

Jewish Agency Partition Proposal, 1946

Land in Jewish Possession, 1947

Cairo Street Rejects Palestine Partition

Burning of the Rex Cinema

2 December 1947

Importation of a Military Industry

'Palestine Post' Explosion

1 February 1948

Attack on Jewish Agency Headquarters

Thematic Chronologies

Thematic Chronology

British and International Commissions of Inquiry in Mandate Palestine

1919 - 1946

Thematic Chronology

The 2014 Gaza War

2014-2015

Thematic Chronology

Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine

1920 - 1945

Highlights

World Zionist Organization

Setting the Stage for a Jewish State in Palestine

Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917

Promising Palestine Away

UN Partition Plan, 29 November 1947

Paving the Way to the Impending Nakba

Palestine Liberation Organization (I)

The Reemergence of the Palestinian National Movement

A Watershed in the Arab-Israeli Conflict

Resolution 242, 22 November 1967

Ambiguous Parameters for a Middle East Settlement

Battle of al-Karama, 21 March 1968

A Triggering Moment For the Palestinian Resistance

October 1973 War

A Daring Arab Initiative Followed by Ambivalent Results

Camp David Accords, 1978-1979

Shattering the Arab Front

Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 15 November 1988

Historic Undertakings For the Sake of Statehood

Madrid and the Oslo Agreement, 1991-1993

Short-Lived Promises of a Negotiated Settlement

Demography and the Palestine Question (I)

Demography and the Palestine Question (II)

Palestinians in Jordan, 1948-1967

The Making of the “Jordanians of Palestinian Origin”

Palestinian Youth in Conflict

A Childhood Denied

Palestinians in Jordan Since 1967

A Never-Ending Normalization

Colonial Transformation of a Spiritual City

Palestine Liberation Organization (II)

From the Limelight to the Backstage

From Relief Provider to Vector of Identity

Architecture and Urban Planning in Palestine

Caught Between Domination, Devastation and Mismanagement

The Palestinian Novel

Literature of the Oppressed in a Dispersed Geography

The Palestinian Short Story

Exile, Sorrow, and Black Humor

Palestinian Photographers Before 1948

Documenting Life in a Time of Change

Preservation of Heritage in Palestine

A Rising Awareness of an Imperiled Treasure

Palestinian Citizenship in Israel

An Unwanted Minority Asserts Its Narrative and Identity

Palestinian Visual Arts (I)

Beginners (1795-1955)

Palestinian Visual Arts (II)

Pathfinders (1955-1965)

The October 2000 Events in Israel

The Violent Repression of a Palestinian Solidarity Outburst

Palestinians in Israel’s “Mixed Cities”

Manufacturing Ghettoes, Erasing History

Palestinians Under Military Rule in Israel, 1948-1966

Governing the Lives of a Confined Population

Present Absentees in Israel

Exiled in Their Own Homeland

The Village of al-Araqib

Rebuilding Home for the Hundredth Time and Beyond

Israel’s Appropriation of Palestinian Property

Cooking Up Laws for the Sake of Land Grab

The Education of Palestinians in Israel

Struggling to Break Free from a System of Marginalization

Israel’s Gaza Redeployment, 2005

Exacerbating the Siege and Targeting the Land of the West Bank

The Judaization of the Galilee

A Long-Lasting Strategy Faced by a Bulwark of Palestinian Tenacity

Land Day, 30 March 1976

A Turning Point in the Defense of Palestinian Lands in Israel

Arab Labor in Mandate Palestine

The Emergence of a Working Class

Urban Palestine

Divergent Trajectories of Spatial and Social Transformations

Nablus Soap Production

The Decline of an Ancient Heritage

Palestinian Women in the Labor Market

A Burgeoning Workforce Curbed by Israel’s Colonialism

Palestinian Trade Unionism, 1920-1948

A Dynamic Movement Ripped Apart by the Nakba

The March 1955 Outburst in the Gaza Strip

Thwarting Resettlement Schemes

Palestinian Refugees in the Gaza Strip, 1948-1967

The Political and Social Remodeling of a Cramped Palestinian Space

Al-Dawayima, 29 October 1948

A Most Brutal Massacre Long Kept Under Wraps

The Islamic Resistance Movement – Hamas

Criminal Law in Mandate Palestine

A Repressive System with a Long-Lasting Impact

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – PFLP

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (II)

The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine – DFLP

The Palestine Communist Party

The Palestinian Communist Movement

The Palestinians and the Israeli Communist Party

The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine

Negotiating Palestine after the Nakba

Palestinian Informal Justice

Thriving in the Shadow of Colonialism

The Israeli Military

The Myth of “the Most Moral Army in the World”

The War on Gaza, 2008–2009

Israel’s Strategic Quandary

Expressions of Cultural Life in Post-1948 Haifa

Toward an Autonomous Palestinian Field

The 2014 Gaza War

An Asymetric Draw

Burj al-Barajneh Refugee Camp

Rashidiyya Refugee Camp

The King-Crane Commission of 1919

Setting a Pattern of Futile 'Peace' Initiatives

I. Ottoman Rule

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

III. Late Mandate

VI. Rise of The Palestinian National Movement

VII. After 1973 War: Separate Peace and Civil War

VIII. Palestinian Defeat, Divisions And Survival

IX. First Intifada and Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations

X. Oslo Process: Towards Failure

XIII. A Growingly Intractable Deadlock

The Palestinian National Initiative Movement - Al-Mubadara

Palestinian Cinema

From Serving the Revolution to Creative Expression

Israel's Nation-State Law, 2018

Enshrining Discrimination

The Palestine Radio, 1936-1948

The Contradictory Effects of a Government-Run Station

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (I)

Before the Nakba

The Palestinian National Movement and the Jewish Question (II)

After the Nakba

The Palestinian Flag

A Symbol of Identity and Solidarity

The Second Intifada, 2000-2005

Mounting Confrontation, Shattered Aspirations

Steadfastness as Everyday Resistance

Palestinian Emigration (I)

Yarmouk Refugee Camp

Wihdat Refugee Camp

Colonization and Dispossession

Zionism's Imagined Geography

Palestinian Emigration (II)

Jaramana Refugee Camp

Palestinian Labor in Israel

A Fluctuating Market Subject to Israel’s Interests

The 1946 Anglo-American Committee

Humanitarianism Over Justice

Jalil (Wavel) Refugee Camp

Khan Dunoun Refugee Camp

Talbieh Refugee Camp

Palestine and International Justice

The Long and Tortuous Quest for Accountability

Jabal al-Hussein Refugee Camp

China and the Palestine Question

From Revolutionary Solidarity to Rhetorical Support

France and the Palestine Question Before 1948

Competition with the British, North African Considerations, Lukewarm Support for Zionism

UNRWA's Education System

A Palestinian-Shaped Undertaking

Spain and the Palestine Question

Upholding Support for Palestine Amidst Growing Relations with Israel

Al-Jalazone Refugee Camp

Israel’s Basic Law on Human Dignity and Liberty, 1992

Jewish Identity at the Expense of Citizen Equality

The Bosnians of Palestine

The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, 14 May 1948

An Ambiguous Constitutional-Legal Status

Khan Eshieh Refugee Camp

Germany and the Palestine Question Since 1949

Breaking with the Nazi Past, Adapting to Changing Interests

The Palestine Question in German Public Discourse

A Conflation of Zionism, Israel and Judaism

The Separation Wall

Security, Grabbing Land, Strangling Palestinians

Italy and the Palestine Question

From Supportive Equidistance to Hostility

Palestinians in Sweden

Engaged for Palestine beyond their Diverse Legal Statuses

The European Union and the Palestine Question

From Promising Ambitions to Crippling Divisions

Sayida Zeinab (Qabr Essit) Refugee Camp

The Palestine Exploration Fund

Philanthropy, Exploration and Imperial Scheming

Ein el Tal (Handarat) Refugee Camp

Al-Raml (Latakia) Refugee Camp

Husseiniyeh Refugee (Gathering) Camp

Mexico and the Palestine Question

Equidistance… in Israel’s Favor

Palestinians in Germany

From Melancholia to Anger

Tal al-Za‘atar Refugee Camp

The USSR and the Palestine Question, 1950–1991

Between Ideology and Realism

The Republic of Ireland and the Palestine Question

Solidarity of the Colonized

Dera‘a Refugee Camp

The New South Africa and the Palestine Question

From Good Offices to Total Support

The Algerians of Palestine

The IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism

Delegitimizing Criticism of Israel

Palestinian-Israeli Protocol on Economic Relations

Perpetuating Israel’s Structural Dominance

Exhibition-Making Practices, 1917-1993

Curating the National Identity

The United Kingdom and the Palestine Question Before 1917

Ideological and Colonialist Path to Conquest

Japan and the Palestine Question

A Policy still Subordinate to the US

Canada and the Palestine Question

Israel First, Palestinians Second

Muslim Pilgrimage to Jerusalem

The Religious-Political Ramifications of Israeli Occupation

XI. Second Intifada and the Post-Arafat Era

Palestinian Music

Blending Levantine Sounds and the Power of Poetry

The Great March of Return

Peaceful Demonstrations, Bloody Crackdown

XII. Gaza Strip Separated and Assaulted

Stages of a Forced Displacement

The Deir Yasin Massacre, 9 April 1948

An Ominous Sign of Worse to Come

The Political Failure of the Tripartite Aggression

The Palestinian National Liberation Movement – Fatah (I)

V. Reverberations Of the Palestine War

Israel’s Apartheid Regime

Entrenching Supremacism over the Palestinians

Public Contracts during the Mandate

Colonial Deals in Favor of Zionist Goals

Sabra and Shatila, 16-18 September 1982

A Massacre by Proxy

Great Palestinian Rebellion, 1936-1939

A Popular Uprising Facing a Ruthless Repression

Palestinian Political Prisoners in Israeli Jails

Large-Scale Incarceration and Resistance

The First Intifada, 1987-1993

Exhilaration of Revolt, Promise of Freedom

The May 2021 Gaza War

Against New Challenges, Israel’s Old Recipes

Meanings of the Nakba

Transformations through Time and Place

Palestinian Culture and Expressions of Identity

The Peel Commission, 1936–1937

Sowing the Seeds of the Partition

The Evolving Infrastructure of Palestinian Refugee Camps

Perpetuating the Temporary

The United States and the Palestine Question Before 1944

From Heavenly Jerusalem to Earthly Jerusalem

Yugoslavia and the Palestine Question

Non-Aligned Support, Eroded by Decline and Breakup

Turkey and the Palestine Question

Torn between a Pro-Western Stance, Regional Considerations, and Identity

Ottoman Territorial Reorganization, 1840-1917

Preliminary Sketches of Mandate Palestine's Boundaries

Palestine-Lebanon Border

A Line Drawn with the Stroke of Foreign Pens

Palestine-Egypt Border

A Line Imposed by the British on the Ottomans

Lebanon War, 1982

A Setback for the PLO and for Israel's 'Grand Design'

Palestinians in Honduras

A Conservative Economic Elite

Palestinians in El Salvador

A Prosperous, yet Depoliticized Diaspora

Palestinians in Chile

A Large Community, Fully Chilean, Fully Engaged for Palestine

Palestinians in Peru

A Small, Dynamic Community with a 140-Year History

IV. The Palestine War And The Nakba

Brazil and the Palestine Question

Competing Solidarities, Fluctuating Policies

Palestine Police During the British Mandate

Law Enforcement in Service of Zionist Goals

Lydda, 9-13 July 1948

A City-Wide Massacre Culminating in the Death March

Kafr Qasim, 29 October 1956

Israel’s Army Massacres Its Own Peaceful Citizens

Periods

II. British Occupation and Early Mandate

V. Reverberations of the Palestine War

XI. Second Intifada and the Post-Arafat Era

Places

al-Ghubayya al-Fawqa

al-Ghubayya al-Tahta

al-Ras al-Ahmar

al-Shawka al-Tahta

al-Shaykh Muwannis

Khirbat al-Wa'ra al-Sawda'

al-Zuq al-Fawqani

al-Zuq al-Tahtani

'Arab al-Zubayd

Balad al-Shaykh

Khirbat Bayt Lid

Bayyarat Hannun

Daliyat al-Rawha'

Dayr Abu Salama

Ghabat Kafr Sur

Ghuwayr Abu Shusha

Ijlil al-Qibliyya

al-Jammasin al-Sharqi

Khirbat al-Damun

Khirbat al-Kasayir

Khirbat al-Shuna

Khirbat al-Zababida

Khirbat Ism Allah

Khirbat Qumbaza

Khiyam al-Walid

Kirad al-Baqqara

Sarafand al-Kharab

Sarafand al-'Amar

Wa'arat al-Sarris

Wadi al-Hawarith

al-Zahiriyya al-Tahta

Khirbat al-Zawiya

Khirbat al-Taqa